Iqembu elisebenzayo laqala ukusebenza ngezinga emuva ngo-2014 futhi manje lisebenzela uhlaka 3.0. Okuhluke ngandlela thile ezizukulwaneni ezedlule zezindinganiso ze-802.11, ngoba lapho wonke umsebenzi wenziwa ngezinhlelo ezimbili. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yenani elikhulu impela lezinguquko eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihleliwe, ezidinga ngokufanele ukuhlola ukuhambisana okunemininingwane eminingi nokuyinkimbinkimbi. Inselelo yokuqala yeqembu kwakuwukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-spectral ukuze kwandiswe umthamo wama-WLAN aneziteshi eziningi zababhalisile kanye nezindawo zokufinyelela. Abashayeli abakhulu bokuthuthukiswa kwezinga bekuyilokhu: ukwanda kwenani lababhalisi beselula, ukusakazwa bukhoma ezinkundleni zokuxhumana (ukugcizelelwa kwethrafikhi yokulayisha) kanye, vele, i-IoT.
Ngokohlelo, izinto ezintsha zibukeka kanje:
I-MIMO 8x8, ukusakazwa kwendawo okwengeziwe
Kuzoba khona ukusekelwa kwe-MIMO 8x8, kufika ku-8SS (Spatial Streams). Izinga le-802.11ac liphinde lachaza usekelo lwe-8 SS ngokombono, kodwa empeleni, izindawo zokufinyelela ze-802.11ac "wave 2" bezikhawulelwe ekusekeleni ukusakazwa kwendawo okungu-4. Ngokufanelekile, izindawo zokufinyelela ezisekela i-MIMO 8x8 zizokwazi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukusebenzela amaklayenti angafika kwangu-8 1x1, amaklayenti amane e-2x2, njll.
I-MU-MIMO DL/UL (Multi-User MIMO Downlink/Uplink)
Ukusekelwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwemodi yabasebenzisi abaningi kukho kokubili ukulanda nokulayisha amashaneli. Amathuba okufinyelela okuncintisana ngesikhathi esisodwa esiteshini sokulayisha, ukuhlanganisa kokubili amafreyimu edethi nokulawula kuzonciphisa kakhulu "i-overhead", okuzoholela ekwenyukeni kokuphumayo kanye nokuncipha kwesikhathi sokuphendula.
Uphawu lwe-OFDM olude
I-OFDM ibisebenza ngamazinga angu-802.11a/g/n/ac iminyaka engu-~20 ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinguquko. Ngokwendinganiso, isiteshi esinobubanzi obungu-20MGz siqukethe ama-subcarriers angu-64 ahlukaniswe komunye nomunye ngesikhawu esingu-312,5 kHz (20MHz/64). Njengoba imboni ye-semiconductor ithuthuke kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi, i-802.11x ihlinzeka ngokukhuphuka okuphindwe ka-4 kuma-subcarriers kuya ku-256, ngesikhawu phakathi kwezinkampani ezingaphansi kuka-78,125 kHz. Ubude (isikhathi) bophawu lwe-OFDM buhambisana ngokuphambene nemvamisa, futhi ngokufanele buzophinde bukhuphuke izikhathi ezi-4 ukusuka ku-3,2 μs ukuya ku-12,8 μs. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuzokhuphula ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kokudluliswa kwedatha, ikakhulukazi ku-WLAN “yangaphandle”.
Ububanzi Obunwetshiwe
Amanani amasha ezikhathi zokuvikela phakathi kozimele angeziwe, manje angalingana no-1,6 µs no-3,2 µs we-WLAN "yangaphandle"; kokuthi "ngaphakathi" isikhawu sishiywa ku-0,8 µs. Ifomethi yephakethe entsha enesendlalelo esithembeke kakhulu (eside). Konke lokhu okungenhla kuzokuvumela ukuthi ukhuphuke ngesivinini esiphindwe izikhathi ezi-4 onqenqemeni lwenethiwekhi.
I-OFDMA DL/UL (I-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)
Olunye lwezinguquko ezinkulu ukwethulwa kwe-OFDMA esikhundleni se-OFDM. Ubuchwepheshe be-OFDMA busetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi e-LTE futhi bubonakale busebenza kahle kakhulu. Umehluko ukuthi lapho kuthunyelwa ku-OFDM, sonke isiteshi sefrikhwensi siyasetshenziswa futhi kuze kuphele ukudluliswa, iklayenti elilandelayo alikwazi ukuthatha insiza yemvamisa. Ku-OFDMA, le nkinga ixazululwa ngokuhlukanisa isiteshi sibe yiziteshi ezincane ezinobubanzi obuhlukene, okuthiwa yi-RU (Resource Units). Empeleni, lokhu kuzosho ukuthi ama-subcarriers angu-256 wesiteshi esingu-20MHz angahlukaniswa abe ama-RUs angama-26 angaphansi. I-RU ngayinye ingabelwa isikimu sayo sekhodi se-MCS, kanye namandla okudlulisa.
Sekukonke, lokhu kuzoletha ukwanda okukhulu komthamo wenethiwekhi isiyonke, kanye nokusebenza kweklayenti ngalinye.
I-1024 QAM
Kwengezwe i-MCS entsha (I-Modulation and Coding Sets) 10 kanye ne-11 yokuguqulwa kwe-1024-QAM. Okusho ukuthi, manje uhlamvu olulodwa kulolu hlelo luzophatha izingcezu eziyi-10 zolwazi, futhi lokhu kuwukunyuka okungama-25% uma kuqhathaniswa no-8bit ku-256-QAM.
I-TWT (Isikhathi Sokuvuka Okuqondiwe) - "Ukuhlela insiza ye-Up Link"
Indlela yokonga amandla esizibonakalise ngokwezinga le-802.11ah futhi manje isiguqulelwe ku-802.11ax. I-TWT ivumela izindawo zokufinyelela ukuthi zitshele amaklayenti ukuthi angene nini kumodi yokonga amandla futhi inikeza uhlelo lokuthi avuke nini ukuze amukele noma adlulisele ulwazi. Lezi yizikhathi ezifushane kakhulu, kodwa ukukwazi ukulala inqwaba yezikhathi ezimfushane kuzokwenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yebhethri. Ukunciphisa "ingxabano" nokushayisana phakathi kwamaklayenti kuzokhuphula isikhathi esichithwa kumodi yokonga amandla. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwethrafikhi, ukuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kungaba kusuka ku-65% kuya ku-95% (ngokokuhlolwa kwe-Broadcom). Kumadivayisi e-IoT, ukwesekwa kwe-TWT kubalulekile.
Umbala we-BSS – Ukusetshenziswa Kabusha Kwendawo
Ukwandisa umthamo wenethiwekhi ye-WLAN exinene kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukwandisa imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kabusha kwensiza yesiteshi. Ukuze kuncishiswe ithonya lama-BSS angomakhelwane asebenza esiteshini esifanayo, kuhlongozwa ukuba kumakwe ngokuthi “color-bit”. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ulungise ngokuguquguqukayo ukuzwela kwe-CCA (ukuhlola isiteshi) namandla okudlulisela. Amandla enethiwekhi azokhula ngenxa yokuminyana kohlelo lwesiteshi, kuyilapho ukuphazamiseka okukhona kuzoba nomthelela omncane ekukhetheni i-MCS.
Ngenxa yesibuyekezo esizayo samazinga okuphepha ukuze , akuwona wonke umuntu ozokwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuphepha ngesibuyekezo sesofthiwe esilula, ngakho-ke i-Extreme Networks izokwethula izindawo zokufinyelela ngosekelo lwehadiwe ye-2018ax ne-WPA802.11 engxenyeni yesine ka-3.
Okuningi mayelana .
Source: www.habr.com