Komunye wethu , ezinikezelwe ekuhleleni ingqalasizinda lapho kuqaliswa i-Zimbra Collabortion Suite ebhizinisini, kwathiwa umkhawulo oyinhloko ekusebenzeni kwalesi sixazululo yijubane le-I / O lamadivayisi wediski kuma-storages weposi. Ngempela, ngesikhathi lapho abasebenzi abangamakhulu ambalwa bebhizinisi ngesikhathi esisodwa befinyelela isitoreji se-imeyili esifanayo, ububanzi besiteshi sokubhala nokufunda ulwazi olusuka kuma-hard drive bungase bunganele ekusebenzeni kwesevisi. Futhi uma ukufakwa okuncane kwe-Zimbra lokhu kungeke kube yinkinga ethile, ngakho-ke esimweni samabhizinisi amakhulu nabahlinzeki be-SaaS, konke lokhu kungaholela kuma-imeyili angaphenduli futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwehla kokusebenza kahle kwabasebenzi, kanye nokwephulwa. kwe-SLAs. Kungakho, lapho uklama futhi usebenzisa ukufakwa kwe-Zimbra ngezinga elikhulu, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kwama-hard drive ekugcineni kwe-imeyili. Ake sibheke amacala amabili futhi sizame ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuthuthukisa umthwalo kwisitoreji sediski ezingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke.
1. Ukuthuthukisa lapho uklama ukufakwa kwe-Zimbra enkulu
Phakathi nesigaba sokuklama sokufakwa kwe-Zimbra enomthwalo omkhulu, umlawuli kuyodingeka akhethe ukuthi iyiphi isistimu yokugcina ezosetshenziswa. Ukuze unqume ngalolu daba, kufanele wazi ukuthi umthwalo omkhulu kuma-hard drive uvela ku-MariaDB DBMS efakwe ku-Zimbra Collaboration Suite, injini yokusesha ye-Apache Lucene, kanye nokugcinwa kwe-blob. Kungakho ukuze usebenzise le mikhiqizo yesoftware ngaphansi kwezimo eziphakeme zomthwalo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa imishini enesivinini esikhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, i-Zimbra ingafakwa kokubili ku-RAID yama-hard drive nasendaweni yokubeka exhunywe ngephrothokholi ye-NFS. Ngokufaka okuncane kakhulu, ungafaka i-Zimbra kudrayivu ye-SATA evamile. Kodwa-ke, kumongo wokufakwa okukhulu, bonke lobu buchwepheshe bubonisa ukungalungi okuhlukahlukene ngendlela yokunciphisa isivinini sokurekhoda noma ukwethembeka okuphansi, okungamukeleki kumabhizinisi amakhulu noma, ikakhulukazi kubahlinzeki be-SaaS.
Yingakho ezingqalasizinda ezinkulu zeZimbra kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-SAN. Yilobu buchwepheshe okwamanje obukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokusebenza okukhulu kwamadivaysi okugcina futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yekhono lokuxhuma inani elikhulu le-cache, ukusetshenziswa kwalo akubangeli noma yiziphi izingozi ezibalulekile zebhizinisi. Kungumqondo omuhle ukusebenzisa i-NVRAM, esetshenziswa kuma-SAN amaningi ukusheshisa izinto ngesikhathi sokubhala. Kodwa kungcono ukukhubaza ukugcinwa kwesikhashana kwedatha erekhodiwe kumadiski ngokwawo, njengoba kungaholela ekulimaleni okungenakulungiseka kwabezindaba kanye nokulahlekelwa kwedatha uma izinkinga zamandla zenzeka.
Ngokuqondene nokukhetha isistimu yefayela, ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kungaba ukusebenzisa i-Linux Ext3/Ext4 ejwayelekile. I-nuance eyinhloko ehlotshaniswa nesistimu yefayela ukuthi kufanele ifakwe nepharamitha - isikhathi eside. Lolu khetho luzokhubaza umsebenzi wokurekhoda isikhathi sokufinyelela kokugcina kumafayela, okusho ukuthi kuzonciphisa kakhulu umthwalo wokufunda nokubhala. Ngokuvamile, lapho udala isistimu yefayela ye-ext3 noma ye-ext4 ye-Zimbra, kufanele usebenzise lezi zimiso ezilandelayo: umk2fs:
-j - Ukwakha ijenali yesistimu yefayela Dala isistimu yefayela nge-ext3/ext4 jenali.
-L IGAMA - Ukwakha igama levolumu ozolisebenzisa ku-/etc/fstab
-O dir_inkomba - Ukusebenzisa isihlahla sokusesha esisheshayo ukusheshisa ukusesha kwamafayela kuzinkomba ezinkulu
-m2 - Ukugcina u-2% wevolumu ezinhlelweni ezinkulu zefayela lohlu lwezimpande
-J ubukhulu =400 - Ukwakha umagazini omkhulu
-b 4096 - Ukunquma usayizi webhulokhi ngamabhayithi
-ngi 10240 - Okokugcina umyalezo, lesi silungiselelo kufanele sihambisane nesilinganiso sosayizi womlayezo. Kufanele unakisise leli pharamitha, njengoba inani layo alikwazi ukushintshwa kamuva.
Kuyanconywa futhi ukunika amandla i-dirsync yokugcina i-blob, isitoreji semethadatha yosesho lwe-Lucene, nesitoreji somugqa we-MTA. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngoba iZimbra ivamise ukusebenzisa insiza fsync ngokubhalwa okuqinisekisiwe kwe-blob enedatha kudiski. Kodwa-ke, lapho isitolo semeyili seZimbra noma i-MTA idala amafayela amasha ngesikhathi sokulethwa komlayezo, kuba nesidingo sokubhalela kudiski izinguquko ezenzeka kumafolda ahambisanayo. Kungakho, noma ngabe ifayela selibhalelwe kakade kudiski kusetshenziswa fsync, irekhodi lokwengezwa kwalo kumkhombandlela lingase lingabi nesikhathi sokubhalwa kudiski futhi, ngenxa yalokho, lingalahleka ngenxa yokuhluleka kweseva okungazelelwe. Siyabonga ukusetshenziswa i-dirsync lezi zinkinga zingagwenywa.
2. Ukwenza ngcono ngengqalasizinda yeZimbra esebenzayo
Kuvamise ukwenzeka ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka embalwa yokusebenzisa i-Zimbra, inani labasebenzisi bayo likhuphuka kakhulu futhi isevisi iba kancane kancane ukusabela nsuku zonke. Indlela yokuphuma kulesi simo isobala: udinga nje ukwengeza amaseva amasha kungqalasizinda ukuze isevisi iphinde isebenze ngokushesha njengangaphambili. Okwamanje, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukungeza ngokushesha amaseva amasha kungqalasizinda ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kwayo. Abaphathi be-IT ngokuvamile kufanele bachithe isikhathi eside bexhumanisa ukuthengwa kwamaseva amasha nomnyango we-accounting noma wezokuphepha; ngaphezu kwalokho, bavame ukwehliswa abahlinzeki abangakwazi ukuletha iseva entsha sekwephuzile noma balethe into engalungile.
Yebo, kuhle kakhulu ukwakha ingqalasizinda yakho ye-Zimbra nge-reserve ukuze uhlale unendawo egciniwe yokwandiswa kwayo futhi unganciki kunoma ubani, nokho-ke, uma iphutha selenziwe kakade, umphathi we-IT angakwazi ukulungisa imiphumela yakho njengoba kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Isibonelo, umphathi we-IT angakwazi ukuzuza ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza okuncane ngokukhubaza okwesikhashana izinsiza zesistimu ye-Linux ehlala ifinyelela kuma-hard drive ngesikhathi sokusebenza futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingaba nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwe-Zimbra. Ngakho, ungakwazi ukukhubaza okwesikhashana:
autofs, netfs - Izinsizakalo Zokutholwa Kwesistimu Yefayela Elikude
izinkomishi - Isevisi yokuphrinta
xinetd, vsftpd - Izinsizakalo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi *ze-NIX okungenzeka ongeke uzidinge
portmap, rpcsvcgssd, rpcgssd, rpcidmapd - Izinsizakalo zocingo zenqubo ekude, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinhlelo zamafayela enethiwekhi
dovecot, cyrus-imapd, sendmail, exim, postfix, ldap - Okuphindwe kabili kwezinsiza eziyinhloko ezifakwe ku-Zimbra Collaboration Suite
slocate/updatedb - Njengoba i-Zimbra igcina umlayezo ngamunye efayeleni elihlukile, ukusebenzisa isevisi ebuyekeziwe nsuku zonke kungabangela izinkinga, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukwenza lokhu ngesandla ngesikhathi somthwalo omncane kumaseva.
Ukulondoloza izinsiza zesistimu ngenxa yokukhubaza lezi zinsizakalo ngeke kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa ngisho nalokhu kungase kube usizo kakhulu ezimweni eziseduze ne-force majeure. Uma iseva entsha seyengeziwe kungqalasizinda ye-Zimbra, kuyatuswa ukuthi uphinde unike amandla izinsiza ebezikhutshazwe ngaphambilini.
Ungakwazi futhi nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Zimbra ngokuhambisa isevisi ye-syslog kuseva ehlukile ukuze ngesikhathi sokusebenza ingalayishi ama-hard drives okugcinwa kwemeyili. Cishe noma iyiphi ikhompuyutha ifanele lezi zinhloso, ngisho ne-single-board Raspberry Pi eshibhile.
Source: www.habr.com