Siyaqhubeka nokucwiliswa emhlabeni othakazelisayo wokuqagela ... ukuxazulula izinkinga ngamalogi. IN savumelana ngencazelo yemigomo eyisisekelo futhi sabheka isakhiwo sonke se-Veeam njengohlelo lokusebenza olulodwa ngeso elilodwa. Umsebenzi walena ukuthola ukuthi amafayela elogi akhiwa kanjani, hlobo luni lolwazi oluboniswa kuwo nokuthi kungani ebukeka ngendlela abukeka ngayo.
Ucabanga ukuthi ziyini lezi "logi"? Ngokusho kwabaningi, izingodo zanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza kufanele zinikezwe indima yohlobo lwebhizinisi elinamandla onke elivame ukumila ndawana thize egcekeni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanele livele lingabonakali ekugqokeni izikhali ezikhazimulayo futhi lisindise wonke umuntu. Okusho ukuthi, kufanele aqukathe yonke into, kusukela emaphutheni amancane engxenyeni ngayinye kuya kokwenziwayo kwesizindalwazi ngasinye. Futhi ukuze emva kwephutha kubhalwe ngokushesha ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani enye. Futhi konke lokhu kufanele kulingane kuma-megabytes ambalwa, kungasekho. Kungumbhalo nje! Amafayela ombhalo awakwazi ukuthatha amashumi amagigabhayithi, ngiwuzwe ndawana thize!
Ngakho izingodo
Emhlabeni wangempela, amalogi ayingobo yomlando yolwazi lokuxilonga. Futhi ukuthi yini okufanele uyigcine lapho, lapho ungathola khona ulwazi lokugcinwa nokuthi kufanele lube nemininingwane engakanani, kukunjiniyela ngokwabo ukuthi banqume. Othile ulandela indlela ye-minimalism ngokugcina amarekhodi ezinga LOKUVULA/KUVALIWE, futhi othile ukhuphula ngenkuthalo yonke into angafinyelela kuyo. Nakuba kukhona futhi inketho ephakathi enekhono lokukhetha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi Izinga Lokugawula, lapho wena ngokwakho ubonisa ukuthi ulwazi oluningiliziwe ofuna ukulugcina kangakanani nokuthi unendawo engakanani yediski =) I-VBR inamazinga ayisithupha anjalo, ngendlela. Futhi, ngikholwa, awufuni ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani ngokungena okuningiliziwe okunesikhala samahhala kudiski yakho.
Kuhle. Cishe saqonda ukuthi sifuna ukulondoloza ini, kodwa umbuzo ozwakalayo uphakama: singalutholaphi lolu lwazi? Yebo, siyingxenye yemicimbi yokungena ngokwethu ngezinqubo zethu zangaphakathi. Kodwa yini okufanele uyenze uma kukhona ukuxhumana nemvelo yangaphandle? Ukuze ingasheleli ingene esihogweni sezinduku namabhayisikili, i-Veeam ijwayele ukungaqambi izinto ezisunguliwe esezivele ziqanjiwe. Noma nini lapho kukhona i-API eseyenziwe ngomumo, umsebenzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi, umtapo wolwazi, njll., sizokhetha izinketho esezivele zenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala ukubiyela ukwakheka kwethu. Nakuba le yokugcina nayo yanele. Ngakho-ke, lapho uhlaziya amalogi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yamaphutha iwela emilayezweni evela kuma-API ezinkampani zangaphandle, amakholi esistimu, neminye imitapo yolwazi. Kulokhu, indima ye-VBR yehlela ekudluliseleni la maphutha njengamafayela elogi. Futhi umsebenzi oyinhloko womsebenzisi ukufunda ukuqonda ukuthi imuphi umugqa ovela kubani, nokuthi yini lena "ubani" obhekene nayo. Ngakho-ke uma ikhodi yephutha evela kulogi ye-VBR ikuyisa ekhasini le-MSDN, lokho kulungile futhi kulungile.
Njengoba sivumelene ngaphambili: I-Veeam iyisicelo esibizwa nge-SQL-based. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zonke izilungiselelo, lonke ulwazi futhi ngokuvamile yonke into edingekayo kuphela ukuze ukusebenza okuvamile - konke kugcinwa database yayo. Ngakho-ke iqiniso elilula: okungekho kulogi kungenzeka kakhulu kusizindalwazi. Kodwa lokhu akuyona inhlamvu yesiliva: ezinye izinto azikho kulogi endawo yezingxenye ze-Veeam, noma kusizindalwazi sayo. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukufunda ukutadisha izingodo zokusingatha, izingodo zomshini wendawo kanye namalogi akho konke okuhilelekile ekugcinweni nasekubuyiseleni inqubo. Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi ulwazi oludingekayo alutholakali ndawo nhlobo. Yileyo ndlela.
Ezinye izibonelo zama-API anjalo
Lolu hlu aluhlosile ukuthi luphelele ngendlela ehlukile, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokubheka iqiniso lokugcina kulo. Inhloso yawo ukukhombisa kuphela ama-API ezinkampani zangaphandle ezivame kakhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yethu.
Ake siqale VMware.
Okokuqala ohlwini kuyoba vSphere API. Isetshenziselwa ukufakazela ubuqiniso, ukufunda uhlelo, ukudala nokususa izifinyezo, ukucela ulwazi mayelana nemishini, nokunye okuningi (okuningi). Ukusebenza kwesixazululo kubanzi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngingancoma i-VMware vSphere API Reference yenguqulo и . Ukuze uthole ezinye izinguqulo zamanje, yonke into i-googled.
I-VIX API. Umlingo omnyama we-hypervisor, okukhona okuhlukile . I-VMware API yokusebenza ngamafayela kumsingathi ngaphandle kokuxhuma kuwo ngenethiwekhi. Inketho yokugcina lapho udinga ukufaka ifayela emshinini ongekho isiteshi sokuxhumana esingcono. Kubuhlungu nokuhlupheka uma ifayela likhulu futhi umsingathi elayishiwe. Kodwa lapha umthetho usebenza ukuthi ngisho no-56,6 KB / s ungcono kuno-0 Kb / s. Ku-Hyper-V, le nto ibizwa nge-PowerShell Direct. Kodwa lokho kwakungaphambi kwalokho
vSpehere Web Services API Kusukela ku-vSphere 6.0 (cishe, njengoba le API yethulwa okokuqala ngenguqulo 5.5) isetshenziselwa ukusebenza ngemishini yezivakashi futhi ithathe indawo ye-VIX cishe yonke indawo. Eqinisweni, lena enye i-API yokuphatha i-vSphere. Kulabo abathanda, ngincoma ukufunda imanuwali.
I-VDDK (Ikhithi Yokuthuthukisa Idiski). Umtapo wolwazi, okwaxoxwa ngawo kancane kulokhu . Isetshenziselwa ukufunda amadiski abonakalayo. Kwake kwaba yingxenye ye-VIX, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yayiswa kumkhiqizo ohlukile. Kodwa njengendlalifa, isebenzisa amakhodi amaphutha afanayo njenge-VIX. Kodwa ngesizathu esithile, ayikho incazelo yalawa maphutha ku-SDK ngokwayo. Ngakho-ke, kwatholakala ngokunamandla ukuthi amaphutha e-VDDK namanye amakhodi awukuhumusha nje kusuka kukhodi kanambambili kuya kukhodi yedesimali. Iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili - ingxenye yokuqala iwulwazi olungabhaliwe mayelana nomongo, kanti ingxenye yesibili amaphutha endabuko e-VIX / VDDK. Isibonelo, uma sibona:
VDDK error: 21036749815809.Unknown error
Bese siguqulela lokhu ku-hex ngesibindi futhi sithole u-132200000001. Simane silahle isiqalo esingenalwazi sika-132200, futhi okusele kuzoba ikhodi yethu yephutha (VDDK 1: Iphutha elingaziwa). Mayelana namaphutha e-VDDK avame kakhulu, kube khona okuhlukile muva nje .
Manje ake sibheke Amawindi.
Lapha, konke okudingeka kakhulu futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kithi kungatholakala ezingeni Umbukeli womcimbi. Kodwa kukhona okukodwa okubanjwayo: ngokwesiko elide, iWindows ayifaki umbhalo ogcwele wephutha, kodwa inombolo yayo kuphela. Isibonelo, iphutha lesi-5 lithi “Ukufinyelela kunqatshiwe”, futhi 1722 ithi “Iseva ye-RPC ayitholakali”, futhi u-10060 uthi “Ukuxhumana kuphelelwe yisikhathi”. Yebo, kuhle uma ukhumbula ezidume kakhulu, kodwa kuthiwani ngezingabonwa kuze kube manje?
Futhi ukuze impilo ingabonakali njengoju nhlobo, amaphutha nawo agcinwa ngefomu le-hexadecimal, nesiqalo esithi 0x8007. Isibonelo, i-0x8007000e empeleni iyi-14, ingaphandle kweMemori. Kungani futhi kwenziwa ngobani lokhu kuyimfihlakalo egubuzelwe ubumnyama. Nokho, uhlu oluphelele lwamaphutha lungalandwa mahhala futhi ngaphandle kwe-SMS evela .
Phela, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ezinye iziqalo, hhayi nje 0x8007. Esimweni esinjalo esidabukisayo, ukuze uqonde i-HRESULT ("isibambo somphumela"), udinga ukujula konjiniyela. Empilweni evamile, angikululeki ukuthi wenze lokhu, kodwa uma uvele wacindezela odongeni noma ufuna ukwazi, manje uyazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze.
Kodwa amaqabane eMicrosoft asihawukela kancane futhi abonisa umhlaba usizo . Lesi ucezu oluncane lwenjabulo yekhonsoli engahumushela amakhodi amaphutha kumuntu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-Google. Isebenza kanje.
C:UsersrootDesktop>err.exe 0x54f
# for hex 0x54f / decimal 1359
ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR winerror.h
# An internal error occurred.
# as an HRESULT: Severity: SUCCESS (0), FACILITY_NULL (0x0), Code 0x54f
# for hex 0x54f / decimal 1359
ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR winerror.h
# An internal error occurred.
# 2 matches found for "0x54f"Kuphakama umbuzo osemthethweni: kungani singabhali ngokushesha ukubethela ezingodweni, kodwa sishiye lawa makhodi angaqondakali? Impendulo ikuzicelo zezinkampani zangaphandle. Uma uzidonsela ucingo lwe-WinAPI, akunzima ukucacisa impendulo yayo, ngoba kukhona ngisho nocingo olukhethekile lwe-WinAPI lwalokhu. Kodwa njengoba sekushiwo, konke okuza kithi kuphela ngezimpendulo kungena ezingodweni zethu. Futhi lapha, ukuze uyisuse ekubhaleni kwayo, umuntu kuzofanele aqaphe njalo lokhu kugeleza kokuqaphela, akhiphe izingcezu ezinamaphutha e-Windows kuwo, asuse ukubethela futhi uwanamathisele emuva. Masikhulume iqiniso, hhayi umsebenzi ojabulisa kakhulu.
I-Windows File Management API esetshenziswa ngazo zonke izindlela lapho usebenza ngamafayela. Ukudala amafayela, ukususa, ukuvula ukubhala, ukusebenza ngezimfanelo, nokunye nokunye.
okukhulunywe ngenhla I-PowerShell Direct njenge-analogue ye-VIX API emhlabeni we-Hyper-V. Ngeshwa, ayiguquki kangako: imikhawulo eminingi ekusebenzeni, ayisebenzi ngazo zonke izinguqulo zomsingathi hhayi nazo zonke izihambeli.
I-RPC (Ikholi Yenqubo Ekude) Angicabangi ukuthi kukhona umuntu oyedwa osebenze nama-WIndows ongabonanga amaphutha ahlobene ne-RPC. Ngaphandle kombono oyiphutha odumile, lena akuyona iphrothokholi eyodwa, kodwa noma iyiphi iphrothokholi yeklayenti eyenelisa inani lamapharamitha. Kodwa-ke, uma kunephutha le-RPC kumalogi ethu, u-90% wesikhathi kuzoba iphutha elivela ku-Microsoft RPC, eyingxenye ye-DCOM (Distributed Component Object Model). Ungathola inani elikhulu lemibhalo ngalesi sihloko kwi-net, kodwa ingxenye enkulu yayo isiphelelwe yisikhathi. Kodwa uma kunesifiso esikhulu sokufunda isihloko, ngingancoma izihloko , kanye nohlu olude .
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zamaphutha e-RPC kulogi yethu imizamo ehlulekile yokuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye ze-VBR (iseva > ummeleli, isibonelo) futhi ngokuvamile ngenxa yezinkinga zokuxhumana.
Okuphezulu phakathi kwazo zonke iziqongo kuyiphutha Iseva ye-RPC ayitholakali (1722). Ngamagama alula, iklayenti alikwazanga ukusungula uxhumano neseva. Kanjani futhi kungani - ayikho impendulo eyodwa, kodwa ngokuvamile kuyinkinga yokuqinisekisa noma ngokufinyelela kwenethiwekhi ku-port 135. Lokhu kwakamuva kujwayelekile ezingqalasizinda ezinomsebenzi wembobo oguquguqukayo. Kulesi sihloko, kukhona okulinganayo . Futhi iMicrosoft inakho ukuthola imbangela yokwehluleka.
Iphutha lesibili elidume kakhulu: Azisekho iziphetho ezitholakala kumephu yephoyinti lokugcina (1753). Iklayenti le-RPC noma iseva yehlulekile ukuzabela yona imbobo. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho iseva (kithi, umshini wesivakashi) ulungiselelwe ukwaba izimbobo kusuka kububanzi obuncane obuphelile. Futhi uma ungena ohlangothini lweklayenti (kithi, iseva ye-VBR), lokhu kusho ukuthi i-VeeamVssAgent yethu ayiqalanga noma ayizange ibhaliswe njengesixhumi esibonakalayo se-RPC. Kukhona futhi kulesi sihloko .
Nokho, ukuqedela amaphutha aphezulu angu-3 RPC, masikhumbule ucingo lomsebenzi we-RPC lwehlulekile (1726). Kuvela uma uxhumano selusunguliwe, kodwa izicelo ze-RPC azicutshungulwa. Isibonelo, sicela ulwazi mayelana nesimo se-VSS (ngokungazelelwe njengamanje imayini yesithunzi yenziwa lapho, futhi sizama ukukhuphuka), futhi ekuphenduleni kwethu, thula futhi unganaki.
I-Windows Tape Backup API okudingekayo ukusebenza ngemitapo yolwazi yamatheyiphu noma amadrayivu. Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni: asithokozi ngokubhala abashayeli bethu bese sihlupheka ngokusekelwa idivayisi ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, i-vim ayinabo abashayeli bayo. Konke nge-API ejwayelekile, ukusekelwa kwayo okwenziwa abathengisi behadiwe ngokwabo. Okuningi okunengqondo, akunjalo?
I-SMB / CIFS Njengomkhuba, wonke umuntu uzibhala eceleni, nakuba kungeyena wonke umuntu okhumbulayo ukuthi i-CIFS (Isistimu Yefayela Ye-inthanethi Evamile) imane iyinguqulo yangasese ye-SMB (I-Server Message Block). Ngakho-ke akukho lutho olungalungile ngokuhlanganisa le miqondo. I-Samba isivele iwukuqaliswa kwe-LinuxUnix, futhi inezinto zayo ezihlukile, kodwa ngiyaphuma. Okubalulekile lapha: lapho i-Veeam icela ukubhala okuthile kumzila we-UNC (uhlelo lweseva), iseva isebenzisa isigaba sabashayeli besistimu yefayela, okuhlanganisa i-mup ne-mrxsmb, ukuze ibhalele ibhola. Ngokunjalo, laba bashayeli bazophinde benze amaphutha.
Awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle I-Winsock API. Uma kukhona okumele kwenziwe kunethiwekhi, i-VBR isebenza ngeWindows Socket API, edume ngokuthi yiWinsock. Ngakho-ke uma sibona inqwaba ye-IP:Imbobo kulogi, yikho lokhu. Imibhalo esemthethweni inohlu oluhle lokungenzeka .
okukhulunywe ngenhla I-WMI (I-Windows Management Instrumentation) iwuhlobo lwe-API enamandla kakhulu yokuphatha yonke into nawo wonke umuntu emhlabeni weWindows. Isibonelo, lapho usebenza ne-Hyper-V, cishe zonke izicelo eziya kumsingathi ziyadlula. Ngamafuphi, into ayinakushintshwa ngokuphelele futhi inamandla kakhulu ngamakhono ayo. Emzamweni wokusiza ukuthola ukuthi kuphuke kuphi nokuthi yini, ithuluzi le-WBEMtest.exe elakhelwe ngaphakathi lisiza kakhulu.
Futhi okokugcina ohlwini, kodwa akubalulekile kangako - VSS (Volume Shadow Storage). Isihloko asipheli futhi siyimfihlakalo njengoba kubhalwe imibhalo eminingi kuso. I-Shadow Copy iqondakala kalula njengohlobo olukhethekile lwesifinyezo, okuyilo empeleni. Ngenxa yakhe, ungenza izipele ezingaguquki zohlelo lokusebenza ku-VMware, futhi cishe yonke into ku-Hyper-V. Nginezinhlelo zokwenza i-athikili ehlukile ngokucindezela okuthile ku-VSS, kodwa okwamanje ungazama ukufunda . Qaphela nje, ngoba. ukuzama ukuqonda i-VSS ngokuphazima kweso kungaholela ekulimaleni kobuchopho.
Kulokhu, mhlawumbe, singayeka. Ngibheka umsebenzi wokuchaza izinto eziyisisekelo eziqediwe, ngakho-ke esahlukweni esilandelayo sizovele sibheke izingodo. Kodwa uma unemibuzo, zizwe ukhululekile ukuyibuza kumazwana.
Source: www.habr.com