oVirt emahoreni ama-2. Ingxenye 1: Vula I-Fault Tolerant Virtualization Platform

Isingeniso

Iphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile OVirt - inkundla yamahhala yezinga lebhizinisi le-virtualization. Ngemva kokuskrola ku-habr, ngathola lokho OVirt ayihlanganiswa lapha kabanzi ngendlela efanele.
I-oVirt empeleni ingeyaphezulu yohlelo lwezohwebo lwe-Red Hat Virtualization (RHV, ngaphambili eyayiyi-RHEV), ekhula ngaphansi kwephiko le-Red Hat. Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, lokhu hhayi efanayo ne-CentOS vs RHEL, imodeli eseduze ne-Fedora vs RHEL.
Ngaphansi kwe-hood - I-KVM, isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu sisetshenziselwa ukuphatha. Isekelwe ku-RHEL/CentOS 7 OS.
I-oVirt ingasetshenziselwa kokubili iseva “yendabuko” kanye ne-desktop virtualization (VDI), ngokungafani nesixazululo se-VMware, zombili izinhlelo zingahlalisana endaweni eyodwa.
Iphrojekthi yinhle kubhaliwe, sekuyisikhathi eside ifinyelele ukuvuthwa ukuze isetshenziswe ngokukhiqiza futhi ilungele imithwalo ephezulu.
Lesi sihloko singesokuqala ochungechungeni lokuthi ungakha kanjani iqoqo le-failover elisebenzayo. Ngemva kokudlula kuzo, ngesikhathi esifushane (cishe amahora angu-2) sizothola uhlelo olusebenza ngokugcwele, nakuba izinkinga eziningi, yiqiniso, ngeke zixazululwe; ngizozama ukumboza kuzo ezihlokweni ezilandelayo.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi siyisebenzisa, siqala ngenguqulo 4.1. Uhlelo lwethu lwezimboni okwamanje lusebenza kumakhompyutha esizukulwane seshumi we-HPE Synergy 480 ne-ProLiant BL460c ane-Xeon Gold CPU.
Ngesikhathi sokubhala, inguqulo yamanje ingu-4.3.

Izihloko

1. Isingeniso (Sikhona)
2. Ukufakwa komphathi (i-ovirt-injini) kanye nama-hypervisors (ababungazi)
3. Izilungiselelo ezengeziwe

Izici ezisebenzayo

Kukhona izinhlangano ezi-2 eziphambili ku-oVirt: i-ovirt-engine kanye ne-ovirt-host(ama). Kulabo abajwayele imikhiqizo ye-VMware, i-oVirt iyonke njengeplatifomu i-vSphere, i-ovirt-injini - isendlalelo sokulawula - yenza imisebenzi efanayo ne-vCenter, futhi i-ovirt-host iyi-hypervisor, njenge-ESX (i). Ngoba vSphere iyisixazululo ethandwa kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ngizoyiqhathanisa nayo.

Ilayisi. 1 — Iphaneli yokulawula ye-oVirt.

Ukusabalalisa okuningi kwe-Linux nezinguqulo ze-Windows zisekelwa njengemishini yezivakashi. Emishinini yezivakashi kunama-ejenti kanye namadivayisi abonakalayo athuthukisiwe kanye nezishayeli ze-virtio, ngokuyinhloko isilawuli sediski nesixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi.
Ukuze usebenzise isixazululo esibekezelela amaphutha nazo zonke izici ezithakazelisayo, uzodinga isitoreji esabiwe. Kokubili ukugcinwa kwefayela le-block FC, i-FCoE, i-iSCSI, ne-NFS, njll. kuyasekelwa. Ukuze usebenzise isisombululo esibekezelela iphutha, isistimu yokugcina kufanele futhi ikwazi ukumelana namaphutha (okungenani izilawuli ezingu-2, ukudlula okuningi).
Ukusebenzisa isitoreji sendawo kungenzeka, kodwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kuphela isitoreji esabiwe esifanele iqoqo langempela. Isitoreji sendawo senza isistimu ibe isethi ehlukile yama-hypervisors, futhi ngisho nesitoreji esabiwe, iqoqo alikwazi ukuqoqwa. Indlela elungile kakhulu imishini engenadiski enebhuthi evela ku-SAN, noma amadiski anosayizi omncane. Mhlawumbe, nge-vdsm hook, inketho yokuhlanganisa i-Software Defined Storage kusuka kumadiski endawo (isibonelo, i-Ceph) nokuyethula ku-VM kungenzeka, kodwa angizange ngiyicabangele.

bokwakha

Ilayisi. 2 - Isakhiwo se-oVirt.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nezakhiwo ingatholakala ku imibhalo unjiniyela.

Ilayisi. 3 — Izinto ze-oVirt.

Isici esiphezulu ohlwini lwezikhundla ngu-− Isikhungo sedatha. Inquma ukuthi isitoreji esabiwe noma sasendaweni siyasetshenziswa, kanye nesethi yesici esisetshenzisiwe (ukuhambisana, 4.1 kuya ku-4.3). Kungase kube khona eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ngezinketho eziningi, ukusebenzisa iSikhungo Sedatha esizenzakalelayo - Okuzenzakalelayo - kufanelekile.
Isikhungo Sedatha siqukethe eyodwa noma ngaphezulu Iqoqo. Iqoqo linquma uhlobo lokucubungula, izinqubomgomo zokufuduka, njll. Ekufakeni okuncane, ungaphinda uzikhawulele Kuqoqo Lokuzenzakalelayo.
Iqoqo lona liqukethe Host‘abenza umsebenzi omkhulu - baphatha imishini ebonakalayo, isitoreji sixhunywe kubo. Iqoqo lithatha ababungazi abangu-2 noma ngaphezulu. Nakuba ngokobuchwepheshe kungenzeka ukwenza iqoqo ngomsingathi ongu-1, alinamsebenzi ongokoqobo.

I-oVirt isekela imisebenzi eminingi, kuhlanganisa. ukufuduka bukhoma kwemishini ebonakalayo phakathi kwama-hypervisors (ukufuduka bukhoma) nokufuduka kwesitoreji (ukufuduka kwesitoreji), ukwenziwa kwe-desktop (ingqalasizinda yedeskithophu eyi-virtual) enamachibi e-VM, ama-VM angenasisekelo nangenasimo, ukusekelwa kwe-NVidia Grid vGPU, ukungenisa kusuka ku-vSphere, KVM, kukhona enamandla API nokunye okuningi. Zonke lezi zici zitholakala mahhala, futhi uma usekelo ludingeka, usekelo lungathengwa kwaRed Hat ngokusebenzisa ozakwethu besifunda.

Mayelana namanani e-RHV

Izindleko aziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-VMware, ukusekelwa kuphela kuthengwa - ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokuthenga ilayisensi ngokwayo. Usekelo luthengelwa ama-hypervisors kuphela; i-ovirt-injini, ngokungafani neseva ye-vCenter, ayidingi zindleko.

Isibonelo sokubala sonyaka woku-1 wobunikazi

Ake sicabangele iqoqo lemishini engu-4 2-socket nezintengo zokudayisa (ngaphandle kwezaphulelo zephrojekthi).
Ukubhalisa okujwayelekile kwe-RHV kubiza u-$999 isokhethi ngalinye/ngonyaka (i-premium 365/24/7 — $1499), isiyonke 4*2*$999=$7992.
intengo ye-vSphere:

• I-VMware vCenter Server Standard $10,837.13 isibonelo ngasinye, kanye nokubhaliselwe Okuyisisekelo okungu-$2,625.41 (Ukukhiqiza — $3,125.39);
• I-VMware vSphere Standard $1,164.15 + Okubhaliselwe Okuyisisekelo $552.61 (Ukukhiqiza $653.82);
• I-VMware vSphere Enterprise Plus $6,309.23 + Okubhaliselwe Okuyisisekelo $1,261.09 (Ukukhiqizwa okungu-$1,499.94).

Ingqikithi: 10 + 837,13 + 2 * 625,41 * (4 + 2) = $ 27 196,62 ngenketho encane. Umehluko cishe izikhathi ezingu-3,5!
Ku-oVirt, yonke imisebenzi iyatholakala ngaphandle kwemikhawulo.

Izici ezimfushane nobukhulu

Izidingo zesistimu

I-hypervisor idinga i-CPU ene-virtualization ye-hardware enikwe amandla, inani elincane le-RAM okufanele liqalwe ngu-2 GiB, inani elinconyiwe lesitoreji se-OS ngu-55 GiB (ikakhulukazi amalogi, njll., i-OS ngokwayo ithatha kancane).
Imininingwane eyengeziwe - lapha.
Ukuze Engine ubuncane bezidingo 2 cores/4 GiB RAM/25 GiB isitoreji. Kunconyiwe - kusuka ku-4 cores/16 GiB ye-RAM/50 GiB yesitoreji.
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlelo, kunemikhawulo kumavolumu namanani, iningi lawo elidlula amandla amaseva amaningi atholakalayo okuhweba. Yebo, umbhangqwana I-Intel Xeon Gold 6230 ingabhekana ne-2 TiB ye-RAM futhi inikeze ama-cores angu-40 (imicu engu-80), engaphansi ngisho nemikhawulo ye-VM eyodwa.

Izilinganiso Zomshini Obonakalayo:

• Ubuningi bemishini ebonakalayo esebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa: Okungenamkhawulo;
• Umkhawulo wama-CPU abonakalayo ngomshini ngamunye obonakalayo: 384;
• Imemori ephezulu ngomshini obonakalayo: 4 TiB;
• Umkhawulo kasayizi wediski eyodwa ngomshini ngamunye: 8 TiB.

Ubuningi bokusingatha:

• Ama-cores noma imicu ye-CPU enengqondo: 768;
• I-RAM: 12 TiB;
• Inombolo yemishini ebonakalayo esingethwe: 250;
• Ukufuduka okubukhoma ngesikhathi esisodwa: 2 engenayo, 2 ephumayo;
• Umkhawulokudonsa obukhoma wokufuduka: Okuzenzakalelayo kuya ku-52 MiB (~436 Mb) ngokuthuthela ngakunye uma usebenzisa inqubomgomo yokufuduka kwefa. Ezinye izinqubomgomo zisebenzisa amanani okusebenzisa aguquguqukayo asuselwa kusivinini sedivayisi ephathekayo. Izinqubomgomo ze-QoS zingakhawulela umkhawulokudonsa wokufuduka.

Izilinganiso Zebhizinisi Ezinengqondo Zomphathi:

Ku-4.3 kukhona imikhawulo elandelayo.

• Isikhungo sedatha
  • Isibalo esiphezulu sesikhungo sedatha: 400;
  • Isibalo esiphezulu sabasingathi: 400 asekelwe, 500 ahloliwe;
  • Isibalo esiphezulu se-VM: 4000 asekelwe, 5000 ahloliwe;
• Cluster
  • Isibalo esiphezulu seqoqo: 400;
  • Isibalo esiphezulu sabasingathi: 400 asekelwe, 500 ahloliwe;
  • Isibalo esiphezulu se-VM: 4000 asekelwe, 5000 ahloliwe;
• Network
  • Amanethiwekhi/iqoqo elinengqondo: 300;
  • Amanethiwekhi e-SDN/angaphandle: I-2600 ihlolwe, akukho mkhawulo ophoqelelwe;
• Storage
  • Izizinda eziphezulu: 50 asekelwe, 70 ahloliwe;
  • Ababungazi ngesizinda ngasinye: Akukho mkhawulo;
  • Amavolumu anengqondo ngesizinda se-block (ngaphezulu): 1500;
  • Inombolo enkulu yama-LUN (ngaphezulu): 300;
  • Ubukhulu bosayizi wediski: 500 TiB (kunqunyelwe ku-8 TiB ngokuzenzakalelayo).

Izinketho zokuqalisa

Njengoba sekushiwo, i-oVirt yakhiwe ngezinto ezi-2 eziyisisekelo - i-ovirt-injini (ukulawula) kanye ne-ovirt-host (hypervisor).
Injini ingatholakala ngaphandle kwesikhulumi ngokwayo (iMenenja ezimele - lokhu kungaba i-VM egijima kwenye iplatifomu noma i-hypervisor ehlukile, noma ngisho nomshini womzimba) noma endaweni yesikhulumi ngokwayo (injini ephethwe, efana nendlela ye-VCSA). kusuka ku-VMware).
I-hypervisor ingafakwa kukho kokubili ejwayelekile OS RHEL/CentOS 7 (EL Host), nokunye i-OS ekhethekile encane (i-oVirt-Node, esekelwe ku-el7).
Izidingo zehardware yazo zonke izinketho zicishe zifane.

Ilayisi. 4 - izakhiwo ezijwayelekile.

Ilayisi. 5 - I-Self-hosted Engine architecture.

Ngokwami ​​ngizikhethele inketho yoMphathi ozimele kanye nabakwa-EL Sebawoti:

• I-Standalone Manager ilula kancane uma kuziwa ezinkingeni zokuqalisa, akukho nkinga yenkukhu neqanda (njengaku-VCSA - ngeke uqale kuze kube yilapho umsingathi oyedwa esegcwele ngokugcwele), kodwa kukhona ukuncika kolunye uhlelo*;
• I-EL Host inikeza wonke amandla e-OS, awusizo ekuqapheni kwangaphandle, ukulungisa iphutha, ukuxazulula izinkinga, njll.

* Nokho, phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokusebenza lokhu kwakungadingeki, ngisho nangemva kokunqanyulwa kukagesi okukhulu.
Kodwa ake sisondele ephuzwini!
Ukuze kuhlolwe, kuyenzeka ukukhipha ipheya ye-ProLiant BL460c G7 blades nge-Xeon® CPU. Sizowasebenzisa ukukhiqiza kabusha inqubo yokufaka.
Ake sinikeze ama-node amagama athi ovirt.lab.example.com, kvm01.lab.example.com kanye ne-kvm02.lab.example.com.
Ake siye ngqo ku ukufakwa.

Source: www.habr.com