I-topology yenethiwekhi
Imisebenzi
- Ukudala Umzila Omisiwe Ozenzakalelayo
- Kusetshenziswa umzila omile ontantayo
- Ukuhlola ukushintshela emzileni omile ontantayo lapho umzila omkhulu wehluleka
Ulwazi jikelele
Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, amagama ambalwa mayelana nokuthi uyini umzila omile futhi ontantayo. Ngokungafani nomzila oguquguqukayo, umzila omile udinga ukuthi wakhe ngokuzimela umzila oya kunethiwekhi ethile. Umzila omile ontantayo usiza ukuhlinzeka ngendlela eyisipele eya kunethiwekhi yendawo uma umzila oyinhloko wehluleka.
Sisebenzisa inethiwekhi yethu njengesibonelo, "I-Border Router" kuze kube manje inemizila exhumeke ngokuqondile kuphela ku-ISP1, ISP2, LAN_1 kanye namanethiwekhi e-LAN_2.
Ukudala Umzila Omisiwe Ozenzakalelayo
Ngaphambi kokuthi sikhulume ngomzila oyisipele, sidinga kuqala ukwakha umzila oyinhloko. Vumela umzila oyinhloko osuka kumzila onqenqemeni udlule ku-ISP1 uye ku-inthanethi, futhi umzila odlula ku-ISP2 uzoba yisipele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, setha umzila omile ozenzakalelayo kumzila onqenqemeni kumodi yokucushwa komhlaba wonke:
Edge_Router>en
Edge_Router#conf t
Edge_Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/0
lapho:
- amabhithi okuqala angama-32 kaziro yikheli lenethiwekhi yendawo;
- amabhithi esibili angama-32 kaziro yimaski yenethiwekhi;
- I-s0/0/0 isixhumi esibonakalayo esiphumayo somzila osemaphethelweni, oxhunywe kunethiwekhi ye-ISP1.
Lokhu kufaka kukhombisa ukuthi uma amaphakethe afika kumzila onqenqemeni asuka ku-LAN_1 noma ku-LAN_2 aqukethe ikheli lenethiwekhi yendawo elingekho kuthebula lomzila, azodluliswa ngesixhumi esibonakalayo s0/0/0.
Ake sihlole ithebula lendlela yerutha esemaphethelweni bese sithumela i-ping kuseva yewebhu ukusuka ku-PC-A noma i-PC-B:
Siyabona ukuthi ukufakwa komzila omile okuzenzakalelayo kwengezwe kuthebula lomzila (njengoba kufakazelwa ukufakwa kwe-S*). Ake silandele umzila osuka ku-PC-A noma i-PC-B uye kuseva yewebhu:
I-hop yokuqala isuka ku-PC-B iye ekhelini le-IP lasendaweni lerutha elingu-192.168.11.1. I-hop yesibili isuka kumzila onqenqemeni ukuya ku-10.10.10.1 (ISP1). Khumbula, sizoqhathanisa izinguquko kamuva.
Kusetshenziswa umzila omile ontantayo
Ngakho, umzila omile oyinhloko wakhiwe. Okulandelayo, sidala, empeleni, umzila omile ontantayo ngenethiwekhi ye-ISP2. Inqubo yokudala umzila omile ontantayo ayihlukile emzileni omile ozenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokuthi owokuqala uphinda ucacise ibanga lokuphatha. Ibanga lokulawula lisho izinga lokuthembeka komzila. Iqiniso liwukuthi ibanga lokuphatha lomzila omile lilingana nowodwa, okusho ukubeka kuqala ngokuphelele kunemithetho elandelwayo eguquguqukayo, ibanga layo lokuphatha likhulu ngokuphindwe kaningi, ngaphandle kwemizila yendawo - kubo ilingana noziro. Ngakho-ke, lapho udala umzila ontantayo omile, kufanele ucacise ibanga lokuphatha elikhulu kunelodwa, isibonelo, 5. Ngakho-ke, umzila ontantayo ngeke ube nokubalulekile ngaphezu komzila omkhulu omile, kodwa ngesikhathi sokungatholakali kwawo, umzila ozenzakalelayo. izothathwa njengeyinhloko.
I-syntax yokucacisa umzila omile ontantayo imi kanje:
Edge_Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/1 5lapho:
- 5 inani lebanga lokuphatha;
- I-s0/0/1 isixhumi esibonakalayo esiphumayo somzila osemaphethelweni oxhunywe kunethiwekhi ye-ISP2.
Ngithanda ukusho ngokushesha lokho Ngenkathi umzila oyinhloko usesimweni sokusebenza, umzila omile ontantayo ngeke uboniswe kuthebula lomzila. Ukuze sikholwe ngokwengeziwe, masibonise okuqukethwe kuthebula lomzila ngesikhathi lapho umzila oyinhloko usesimweni esihle:
Ungabona ukuthi ithebula lomzila lisabonisa umzila omisiwe oyinhloko ozenzakalelayo onesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Serial0/0/0 futhi ayikho eminye imizila emile eboniswa kuthebula lomzila.
Ukuhlola ukushintshela emzileni omile ontantayo lapho umzila omkhulu wehluleka
Futhi manje okuthakazelisa kakhulu: Ake silingise ukwehluleka komzila oyinhloko. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokukhubaza isixhumi esibonakalayo ezingeni lesofthiwe, noma ngokumane ususe ukuxhumana phakathi kwerutha ne-ISP1. Khubaza isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Serial0/0/0 somzila oyinhloko:
Edge_Router>en
Edge_Router#conf t
Edge_Router(config)#int s0/0/0
Edge_Router(config-if)#shutdown
... bese ugijima ngokushesha uyobheka itafula lomzila:
Esithombeni esingenhla, ungabona ukuthi ngemva kokwehluleka komzila omile oyinhloko, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Serial0/0/0 sishintshele ku-Serial0/0/1. Kumkhondo wokuqala esiwugijime ngaphambili, i-hop elandelayo ukusuka kumzila onqenqemeni kwaba ikheli le-IP 10.10.10.1. Ake siqhathanise izinguquko ngokuphinda silandele ngomkhondo sisebenzisa umzila oyisipele:
Manje uguquko olusuka kumzila onqenqemeni luye kuseva yewebhu lusebenzisa ikheli le-IP 10.10.10.5 (ISP2).
Yebo, imizila emile ingabonwa ngokubonisa ukucushwa komzila wamanje:
Edge_Router>en
Edge_Router#show run
Source: www.habr.com