Namuhla, ezinkampanini eziningi nezinhlangano, idatha ingenye yezimpahla zamasu. Futhi ngokwanda kwamakhono okuhlaziya, inani ledatha eqoqwe futhi eqoqwe izinkampani likhula njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bavame ukukhuluma ngokuqhuma, ukukhula okunamandla kwevolumu yedatha yenkampani ekhiqizwayo. Kuyaphawulwa ukuthi ama-90% ayo yonke idatha adalwe eminyakeni emibili edlule.
Ukukhula kwamavolumu edatha kuhambisana nokukhuphuka kwenani lawo
Idatha idalwe futhi isetshenziswe amasistimu amakhulu okuhlaziya idatha, i-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, njll. Idatha eqoqiwe iyisisekelo sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesevisi yamakhasimende, ukwenza izinqumo, ukusekela imisebenzi yokusebenza yezinkampani, kanye ucwaningo nentuthuko ehlukahlukene.
I-90% yayo yonke idatha idalwe eminyakeni emibili edlule.
I-IDC ibikezela ukuthi ivolumu yedatha egcinwe emhlabeni wonke izophindeka kabili kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2023, nesamba sokugcina idatha sifinyelela ku-11,7 zettabytes, kanye nemininingwane yolwazi yebhizinisi ebalwa ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezintathu kwezine zengqikithi. Kuyisici ukuthi uma emuva ku-2018 umthamo ophelele wama-disk drives ahlinzekiwe (i-HDD), okusalokhu iyisitoreji esiyinhloko, afinyelela kuma-exabytes angu-869, ngakho-ke ngo-2023 lesi sibalo singase sidlule ama-zettabytes angu-2,6.
Izinkundla zokuphathwa kwedatha: zenzelwe ini futhi zidlala yiphi indima?
Akumangazi ukuthi izindaba zokuphathwa kwedatha ziba yinto eza kuqala emabhizinisini, zibe nomthelela oqondile emsebenzini wazo. Ukuze uzixazulule, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukunqoba ubunzima obufana ne-heterogeneity yezinhlelo, amafomethi wedatha, izindlela zokugcina nokusebenzisa, izindlela zokuphatha "ezoo" zezixazululo ezisetshenziswe ngezikhathi ezahlukene.
Umphumela wale ndlela engahlanganisiwe uwukuhlukaniswa kwamasethi edatha agcinwe futhi acutshungulwe ezinhlelweni ezihlukene, kanye nezinqubo ezihlukene zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yedatha. Lezi zinkinga ezijwayelekile zikhuphula izindleko zabasebenzi nezezezimali lapho usebenza nedatha, isibonelo, lapho uthola izibalo nemibiko noma lapho wenza izinqumo zokuphatha.
Imodeli yebhizinisi lokuphatha idatha kufanele yenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo, ivumelane nezidingo, imisebenzi kanye nemigomo yebhizinisi. Alukho uhlelo olulodwa oluzenzakalelayo noma inkundla yokuphatha idatha engahlanganisa yonke imisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zanamuhla zokuphatha idatha ezibanzi, eziguquguqukayo nezingakalayo ngokuvamile zihlinzeka ngesofthiwe yokuphatha idatha kanye neyokugcina yonke into. Zihlanganisa amathuluzi adingekayo namasevisi okuphatha idatha ngempumelelo.
Intuthuko yakamuva ivumela amabhizinisi ukuthi acabange kabusha ngokuphathwa kwedatha kuyo yonke inhlangano, athole ukuqonda okucacile kokuthi iyiphi idatha etholakalayo, iziphi izinqubomgomo ezihlotshaniswa nayo, lapho idatha igcinwa khona nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani, futhi ekugcineni, inikeza ikhono lokuletha ulwazi olufanele kubantu abalungile ngesikhathi esifanele. Lezi yizixazululo ezandisa amakhono ezinkampani futhi zivumele:
- Phatha amafayela, izinto, idatha yohlelo lokusebenza, izizindalwazi, idatha evela ezindaweni ezibonakalayo nezamafu, futhi ufinyelele izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zedatha.
- Usebenzisa amathuluzi e-orchestration nawe-automation, hambisa idatha lapho igcinwa khona kahle kakhulu - kungqalasizinda eyisisekelo, yesibili yokugcina, kusikhungo sedatha somhlinzeki noma emafini.
- Sebenzisa izici ezibanzi zokuvikela idatha.
- Qinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha.
- Thola izibalo zokusebenza kudatha.
Inkundla yokuphatha idatha ingakhiwa ngesisekelo semikhiqizo yesofthiwe eminingana noma ibe uhlelo olulodwa oluhlangene. Inkundla ephelele ihlinzeka ngokuphathwa kwedatha okuhlangene kuyo yonke ingqalasizinda ye-IT, okuhlanganisa ukwenza isipele, ukubuyisela emuva, ukugcinwa kwengobo yomlando, ukuphathwa kwezifinyezo zehadiwe kanye nokubika.
Isiteji esinjalo sikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise isu elinamafu amaningi, wandise isikhungo sedatha endaweni yamafu, wenze ukuthuthela ngokushesha efwini, usebenzise ithuba lokushintsha imishini nokusebenzisa izinketho zokugcina idatha ezibiza kakhulu.
Ezinye izixazululo ziyakwazi ukufaka idatha kungobo yomlando ngokuzenzakalela. Futhi ngosizo lobuhlakani bokwenziwa, bangakwazi ukubona ukuthi "okuthile akuhambanga kahle" futhi ngokuzenzekelayo bathathe isinyathelo sokulungisa noma bazise umlawuli, futhi babone futhi bamise izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlasela. Ukuzenzakalela kwezinsizakalo kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-IT, kukhulula abasebenzi be-IT, kunciphisa amaphutha ngenxa yesici somuntu, futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula.
Yiziphi izimfanelo okufanele inkundla yokuphatha idatha yesimanje ibe nazo, futhi zisetshenziswa kuphi izixazululo ezinjalo ekusebenzeni?
Indlela yokulinganisa konke ayisebenzi nezinkundla zokuphatha idatha. Inkampani ngayinye inezidingo zayo zedatha, zincike ohlotsheni lwebhizinisi, isipiliyoni somsebenzi, njll. Inkundla yomhlaba wonke kufanele, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inikeze ukucushwa kokusebenza ngedatha ebhizinisini elithile, futhi ngakolunye, izimele imininingwane yemboni esetshenzisiwe, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo owakhiwe phezu kwesisekelo sawo kanye nendawo yawo yolwazi.
Izindawo ezisebenzayo zokuphathwa kwedatha (umthombo; Isikhungo se-CMMI).
Nazi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo zezinkundla zokuphatha idatha:
Isakhi
Izicelo
Isu Lokuphathwa Kwedatha
Imigomo nezinjongo zokuphatha, isiko lebhizinisi lokuphathwa kwedatha, ukunqunywa kwezimfuneko zomjikelezo wempilo yedatha.
Ukuphathwa kwedatha
Ukuphathwa kwedatha nemethadatha
Ukusebenza Kwedatha
Amazinga nezinqubo zokusebenza ngemithombo yedatha
Ikhwalithi yedatha
Ukuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi, Uhlaka Lwekhwalithi Yedatha
Platform kanye nezakhiwo
Uhlaka lwezakhiwo, amapulatifomu kanye nokuhlanganiswa
Izinqubo ezisekelayo
Ukuhlola nokuhlaziya, ukuphathwa kwenqubo, ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, ukuphathwa kobungozi, ukuphathwa kokumisa
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulatifomu anjalo adlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokuguqula inhlangano ibe yibhizinisi "eliqhutshwa idatha", elingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana:
- Ukushintsha ukuphathwa kwedatha ezinhlelweni ezikhona, ukwethula isibonelo esihle ngokuhlukaniswa kwezibopho namandla. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yedatha, ukuhlola idatha phakathi kwamasistimu, ukulungisa idatha engavumelekile.
- Ukusetha izinqubo zokukhipha nokuqoqa idatha, ukuyiguqula nokuyilayisha. Ukuletha idatha kusistimu ebumbene ngaphandle kokwenza inkimbi ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yedatha nokushintsha izinqubo zebhizinisi.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha. Yenza ngokuzenzakalela izinqubo zokuletha idatha efanele endaweni efanele nangesikhathi esifanele.
- Ukwethulwa kokulawulwa kwekhwalithi yedatha egcwele. Ukunqunywa kwemingcele yokulawula ikhwalithi, ukuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo.
- Ukuqaliswa kwamathuluzi okuphatha izinqubo zokuqoqwa kwedatha, ukuqinisekiswa, ukuphindaphinda nokuhlanza. Ngenxa yalokho, liyakhula izinga, ukwethembeka kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwedatha evela kuzo zonke izinhlelo zebhizinisi.
Izinzuzo Zezinkundla Zokuphathwa Kwedatha
Izinkampani ezisebenza ngempumelelo ngedatha zivame ukuphumelela kakhulu kuneziqhudelana nazo, zilethe imikhiqizo namasevisi emakethe ngokushesha, ziqonde kangcono izidingo zezithameli eziqondiswe kubo, futhi zingasabela ngokushesha ezinguqukweni ezifunwayo. Izinkundla zokuphathwa kwedatha zinikeza ikhono lokuhlanza idatha, ukuthola ulwazi lwekhwalithi nolwazi olufanele, ukuguqula idatha, nokuhlola idatha yebhizinisi ngamasu.
Isibonelo seplathifomu yendawo yonke yokwakha izinhlelo zokuphatha idatha yenkampani i-Russian Unidata, edalwe ngesisekelo sesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile. Ihlinzeka ngamathuluzi okudala imodeli yedatha kanye nezindlela zokwandisa ukusebenza lapho ihlanganiswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ze-IT kanye nezinhlelo zolwazi zezinkampani zangaphandle: kusukela ekulondolozeni izinto ezibonakalayo nezisetshenziswa zobuchwepheshe ukuya ekucubunguleni ngokuphephile imiqulu emikhulu yedatha yomuntu siqu.
I-Architecture yesikhulumi se-Unidata yenkampani enegama elifanayo.
Le nkundla enemisebenzi eminingi ihlinzeka ngokuqoqwa kwedatha okumaphakathi (i-inventory kanye nokubalwa kwezinsiza), ukumiswa kolwazi (ukwenziwa ngendlela evamile nokunothisa), ukubalwa kolwazi lwamanje nolomlando (ukulawulwa kwenguqulo yerekhodi, izikhathi zokuhambisana kwedatha), ikhwalithi yedatha nezibalo. Ukuzenzakalela kwemisebenzi efana nokuqoqwa, ukuqongelela, ukuhlanzwa, ukuqhathanisa, ukuhlanganisa, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, ukusatshalaliswa kwedatha, kanye namathuluzi okwenza uhlelo lokuthatha izinqumo luzenzekele.
Ama-Data Management Platforms (DPM) Kwezokukhangisa Nokumaketha
Ekukhangiseni nasekukhangiseni, umqondo wenkundla yokuphatha idatha i-DMP (I-Data Management Platform) inencazelo encane. Kuyinkundla yesofthiwe, esekelwe kudatha eqoqiwe, evumela izinkampani ukuthi zichaze izingxenye zezethameli ukuze ziqondise ukukhangisa kubasebenzisi abathile kanye nomongo wemikhankaso yokukhangisa ku-inthanethi. Isofthiwe enjalo iyakwazi ukuqoqa, ukucubungula nokugcina noma yiluphi uhlobo lwedatha yasekilasini, futhi inamandla okuyisebenzisa ngokusebenzisa iziteshi zemidiya ezijwayelekile.
Ngokusho kweMarket Research Future (MRFR), imakethe yomhlaba wonke yokuphathwa kwedatha (DMP) ingafinyelela ku- $ 2023 billion ngasekupheleni kuka-3 nge-CAGR ka-15%, futhi izodlula ama- $ 2025 billion ngo-3,5.
Isistimu ye-DMP:
- Yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqoqa nokuhlela zonke izinhlobo zedatha yasekilasini; hlaziya idatha etholakalayo; dlulisa idatha kunoma yisiphi isikhala semidiya ukuze ubeke ukukhangisa okuqondisiwe.
- Isiza ukuqoqa, ukuhlela nokwenza kusebenze idatha evela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene futhi iyihumushele esimweni esiwusizo.
- Ihlela yonke idatha ngezigaba ngokusekelwe ezinhlosweni zebhizinisi namamodeli wokumaketha. Uhlelo luhlaziya idatha futhi lukhiqize amasegimenti ezithameli amelela ngokunembile isisekelo samakhasimende eziteshini eziningi ezihlukahlukene ngokusekelwe ezicini ezihlukahlukene ezivamile.
- Ikuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule ukunemba kokuqondisa kokukhangisa ku-inthanethi futhi wakhe ukuxhumana komuntu siqu nezithameli ezifanele. Ngokusekelwe ku-DMP, ungase futhi usethe amaketango okusebenzelana nesegimenti ngayinye eqondiwe ukuze abasebenzisi bathole imilayezo efanele ngesikhathi esifanele nasendaweni efanele.
Isabelo esikhulayo sokumaketha kwedijithali sinomthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni kwemakethe yamapulatifomu okuphatha idatha. Amasistimu e-DMP angahlanganisa ngokushesha idatha evela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene futhi ahlukanise abasebenzisi ngokwezigaba ngokusekelwe emaphethini abo okuziphatha. Amakhono anjalo abhebhethekisa isidingo sama-DMP phakathi kwabadayisi.
Imakethe yesikhulumi sokuphathwa kwedatha yomhlaba wonke imelelwa inani labadlali abahamba phambili, kanye nezinkampani ezintsha ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa iLotame Solutions, KBM Group, Rocket Fuel, Krux Digital), Oracle, Neustar, SAS Institute, SAP, Adobe Systems, Cloudera, Guqula, i-Informatica nokunye.
Isibonelo sesixazululo saseRussia umkhiqizo wengqalasizinda okhishwe yi-Mail.ru Group, okuyinkundla yokuphathwa kwedatha ehlanganisiwe nokucubungula (I-Data Management Platform, i-DMP). Isixazululo sikuvumela ukuthi wakhe incazelo enwetshiwe yephrofayili yezingxenye zezethameli ngaphakathi kwenkundla ehlanganiswe namathuluzi okuthengisa. I-DMP ihlanganisa izixazululo nezinsizakalo ze-Mail.ru Group emkhakheni wokumaketha kwama-omnichannel kanye nokusebenza nababukeli. Amaklayenti azokwazi ukugcina, ukucubungula nokuhlela idatha yawo engaziwa, futhi ayenze isebenze kwezokuxhumana ngokukhangisa, akhulise ibhizinisi nokusebenza kahle kokumaketha.
Ukuphathwa Kwedatha Yefu
Esinye isigaba sezixazululo zokuphatha idatha izinkundla zamafu. Ikakhulukazi, ukusebenzisa isixazululo sesimanje sokuvikela idatha njengengxenye yokuphathwa kwedatha yefu kukuvumela ukuthi ugweme izinkinga ezingaba khona - kusukela ezinsongweni zokuphepha kuya ezinkingeni zokuthutha idatha kanye nokuncipha kokukhiqiza, kanye nokuxazulula izinselele zokuguqulwa kwedijithali ezibhekene nenkampani. Yebo, imisebenzi yamasistimu anjalo ayigcini ekuvikelweni kwedatha.
Izici Zeplathifomu Yokuphathwa Kwedatha Yamafu ye-Gartner: Ukwabiwa Kwensiza, Ukuzenzakalela, ne-Orchestration; ukuphathwa kwesicelo sesevisi; ukulawulwa kwezinga eliphezulu kanye nokuqapha ukuthotshelwa kwenqubomgomo; ukuqapha kanye nokukalwa kwamapharamitha; ukwesekwa kwezindawo ezinamafu amaningi; ukwenziwa ngcono kwezindleko nokuba sobala; ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono nezinsiza; ukufuduka kwamafu nokumelana nezinhlekelele (DR); ukuphathwa kwezinga lenkonzo; ukuphepha kanye nokuhlonza; ukuzenzekelayo kwezibuyekezo zokucushwa.
Ukuphathwa kwedatha endaweni yamafu kufanele kuqinisekise izinga eliphezulu lokutholakala kwedatha, ukulawula, nokuzenzakalela kokuphathwa kwedatha ezikhungweni zedatha, eduze nomjikelezo wenethiwekhi kanye nasefwini.
I-Cloud Data Management (CDM) iyinkundla esetshenziselwa ukuphatha idatha yebhizinisi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zamafu, kucatshangelwa izindlela eziyimfihlo, zomphakathi, ezixubile kanye namafu amaningi.
Isibonelo sesixazululo esinjalo yi-Veeam Cloud Data Management Platform. Ngokwabathuthukisi bohlelo, isiza izinhlangano ukuthi ziguqule indlela yokuphatha idatha, inikeze ukuphathwa kwedatha okuhlakaniphile, okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokutholakala kwayo kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza noma ingqalasizinda yamafu.
I-Veeam ibheka ukuphathwa kwedatha yefu njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuphathwa kwedatha ehlakaniphile, iqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ifinyeleleka kumabhizinisi noma yikuphi.
I-Veeam Cloud Data Management Platform yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni ibe yesimanje futhi isusa amasistimu amafa, isheshisa ukwamukelwa kwamafu ayingxube nokuthuthwa kwedatha, futhi yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphepha nokuthobela idatha.
I-Veeam Cloud Data Management Platform βinkundla yesimanje yokuphatha idatha esekela noma yiliphi ifu.β
Njengoba ubona, izinkundla zesimanje zokuphatha idatha zimelela isigaba esibanzi nesihlukahlukene sezixazululo. Mhlawumbe banento eyodwa abafana ngayo: ukugxila ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo nedatha yebhizinisi kanye nokuguqula inkampani noma inhlangano ibe yibhizinisi lesimanje eliqhutshwa idatha.
Izinkundla zokuphatha idatha ziyinguquko edingekayo yokuphathwa kwedatha evamile. Njengoba izinhlangano eziningi zithuthela idatha emafini, inani elikhulayo lezindawo ezihlukene nokulungiselelwa kwamafu kudala izinselele ezintsha ezidinga ukubhekwana nazo ngokuqondile ngombono wokuphathwa kwedatha. Ukuphathwa kwedatha efwini kuyindlela evuselelwe, i-paradigm entsha enweba amandla okuphatha idatha ukuze kusekelwe izinkundla ezintsha, izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye namacala okusebenzisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokombiko we-Veeam Cloud Data Management Report ka-2019, izinkampani zihlela ukuhlanganisa ngokujulile ubuchwepheshe bamafu, ubuchwepheshe bamafu obuxubile, ukuhlaziya idatha enkulu, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye ne-inthanethi yezinto. Ukuqaliswa kwalezi zinhlelo zedijithali kulindeleke ukuthi kulethe izinzuzo ezibalulekile ezinkampanini.
Amabhizinisi asheshisa ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe benkundla yedatha futhi alungele ukusebenzisa ifu ukuze aqhube umsebenzi wokuhlaziya, kodwa amaningi abhekene nezinselele ekusebenziseni yonke idatha yawo ukuze athole imiphumela engcono yebhizinisi, ngokusho kwabahlaziyi ku-451 Research. Izinkundla zakamuva zokuphatha idatha zingasiza amabhizinisi ukuthi azulazule ngokuhamba komsebenzi wedatha eyinkimbinkimbi kumafu amaningi, aphathe idatha, futhi enze izibalo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi idatha ihlala kuphi.
Njengoba sizama ukuhambisana nezikhathi futhi sigxile ezifisweni zamakhasimende ethu (kokubili okwamanje noma okungenzeka), sithanda ukubuza umphakathi we-habra ukuthi ungathanda yini ukubona i-Veeam kweyethu ? Ungaphendula kunhlolovo engezansi.
Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. , wamukelekile.
Ukunikezwa kwephakheji nge-Veeam endaweni yemakethe
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62,5%Yebo, umbono omuhle5
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37,5%Angicabangi ukuthi izosuka3
Bangu-8 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-4 bayenqaba.
Source: www.habr.com