Lena ingxenye yokuqala yombhalo obhaliwe wengxoxo yesibili yohlelo lwethu (, ). Indaba Isivakashi - (), Ph.D., umcwaningi omkhulu eSikhungweni Sikazwelonke Sokucwaninga Ngengqondo, uprofesa ohlangene ku-Faculty of Digital Transformations.
Kusukela ngo-2012, u-Andrey ubesebenza eqenjini locwaningo I-Visualization kanye ne-Computer Graphics. Ubambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi amakhulu asetshenzisiwe ezingeni likahulumeni kanye nelamazwe ngamazwe. Kule ngxenye yengxoxo, sikhuluma ngolwazi lwakhe ekusekelweni kwe-AR kwemicimbi yomphakathi.
Photography (Unsplash.com)
Ingqikithi yephrojekthi kanye nezinjongo
Ikhodi yesikhathi (ngo ) - 00:41
: Ngingathanda ukuqala ngephrojekthi yeMidlalo YaseYurophu. Inezingxenye eziningi, amaqembu amaningana abambe iqhaza ekulungiseleleni, futhi ukunikeza izethameli eziyizinkulungwane ngesikhathi somcimbi enkundleni kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Mayelana nokuzibandakanya kwakho, bekuyi-software kuqala?
: Yebo, senze ingxenye yezinhlelo futhi sanikeza ukusekelwa phakathi nombukiso. Kwakudingeka ukulandelela, ukuqapha nokwethula yonke into ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi usebenze neqembu lethelevishini. Uma sicabangela le phrojekthi yonke, khona-ke singakhuluma ngemikhosi yokuvula nokuvala eMinsk, kanye nomcimbi wokuvula ubuqhawe eKazan. Kwakuwuhlelo lomsebenzi ofanayo, kodwa izenzakalo ezihlukene. Kwaba negebe lezinyanga ezimbili phakathi kwabo. Salungisa iphrojekthi kanye nabafana benkampani .
Sahlangana nabo ngenhlanhla , okwenzeka ekwindla ka-2018. Abafundi benkosi yethu babonise iphrojekthi yabo yesifundo esihlokweni se-VR. Abafana beza kithi futhi babuza ukuthi senzani elabhorethri yethu. Bekubukeka kanjena:
- Usebenza nge-VR, kodwa ungasebenza ngeqiniso elingathandeki?
- Hhayi-ke, yebo.
- Kukhona umsebenzi onjalo, onamanothi esingeniso. Ungakwazi yini ukukwenza?
Baklwebha amathenisi abo kancane, akubonakali kukhona okungenangqondo:
- Ake sizame ukutadisha konke kuqala, bese sithola isisombululo.
U-Dmitriy: Ingabe bahlinzeka ngosekelo lwemidiya kuphela?
U-Andrew: Benza isitaki esigcwele. Ngokombono wabaphathi kanye nenhlangano, babambe iqhaza ngokuphelele ekuqondiseni, esiteji, ekukhethweni kwezindawo, ukuhlelwa kwempahla nokunye ukwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Kodwa babefuna ukwenza okuthile okukhethekile ngeMidlalo yaseYurophu. Le miphumela ekhethekile, njengeqiniso elixubile, yenzelwe umabonakude isikhathi eside, kodwa ayilona isabelomali kakhulu mayelana nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, abafana babefuna ezinye izinketho.
U-Dmitriy: Ake sixoxe ngenkinga ngokuningiliziwe. Wawuhlanganisani?
U-Andrew: Kukhona umcimbi. Kuthatha ihora nesigamu. Kudingeka siqinisekise ukuthi izethameli ezibukele bukhoma kanye nalabo abahlezi enkundleni bangabona imiphumela engokoqobo engathandeki ngokuvumelanisa ngokugcwele nombukiso obukhoma ngokuya kwesikhathi nendawo esizeni.
Kube nenani lemikhawulo yezobuchwepheshe. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukwenza ukuvumelanisa isikhathi nge-inthanethi, ngoba kwakukhona ukwesaba mayelana nomthwalo oweqile kunethiwekhi enezitebhisi ezigcwele kanye nethemba lezinhloko zombuso ezihambele umcimbi, okungase kuphazamise amanethiwekhi eselula.
U-Andrey Karsakov, isithombe esivela
Sibe nezingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile kule phrojekthi - ulwazi lomuntu siqu abantu abangaluthola ngamadivaysi eselula, nalokho okungena ekusakazeni kukamabonakude nezikrini zolwazi enkundleni yezemidlalo ngokwayo.
Uma kungazelelwe umuntu ebuka iziqephu zeqiniso elingathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona ngedivayisi yeselula futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo engena esikrinini, kufanele abone isithombe esifanayo.
Besidinga amasistimu amabili ahluke ngokuphelele ukuze avumelaniswe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi. Kodwa okungavamile kwemibukiso enjalo ukuthi lezi yizenzakalo eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho inani elikhulu lezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe lihilelekile futhi yonke imisebenzi yenziwa ngokuvumelana namakhodi wesikhathi. Ikhodi yesikhathi yisikhathi esithile lapho okuthile kuqala khona: ukukhanya, umsindo, ukuhamba kwabantu, ukuvulwa kwamacembe esiteji, njalonjalo. Kwadingeka sizivumelanise nalesi simiso ukuze yonke into iqale ngesikhathi esifanele. Esinye isici bekungukuthi izigcawu neziqephu ezineqiniso elingathandeki bezihlobene neskripthi.
U-Dmitriy: Kodwa ingabe uthathe isinqumo sokuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwamakhodi wesikhathi ngenxa yezingozi ezinkulu ze-force majeure, noma ingabe ekuqaleni ubale izici ezithile zamandla futhi waqaphela ukuthi umthwalo kulo lonke uhlelo uzoba phezulu kakhulu?
U-Andrew: Uma wenza isevisi yokuvumelanisa izethameli ezinjalo, akunzima kakhulu. Kunoma yikuphi, izicelo ngeke zehluleke ngobusuku obubodwa. Yebo, umthwalo uphezulu, kodwa akusona isimo esiphuthumayo. Umbuzo uwukuthi ingabe kufanelekile ukuchitha izinsiza nesikhathi kulokhu uma inethiwekhi iphuma ngokuzumayo. Besingenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi lokhu ngeke kwenzeke. Ekugcineni, yonke into yasebenza, nokuphazamiseka ngenxa yomthwalo, kodwa kwasebenza, futhi savumelanisa ngokuvumelana nekhodi yesikhathi ngokohlelo oluhlukile. Lokhu bekungenye yezinselelo zomhlaba wonke.
Ubunzima bokusebenzisa ngokubuka kwe-UX
Ikhodi yesikhathi (ngo ) - 10:42
U-Andrew: Bekufanele futhi sicabangele ukuthi inkundla ayiyona indawo yekhonsathi yakudala, futhi sivumelanise amasistimu endaweni yonke yamadivayisi eselula. Ngakho-ke, esikhathini esithile esidlule ngaba negciwane emakhonsathini ka-Eminem, kwase kuba necala neLoboda.
Photography (Unsplash.com)
Kodwa lokhu kuhlale kuyisipiliyoni phambi kwakho - sonke isixuku simi phambi kwesiteji, ukuvumelanisa kulula kakhulu. Endabeni yenkundla yezemidlalo, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukuluphi uhlangothi lwendilinga, indawo ehlobene, ukuze inkundla ingene esikhaleni esikhona endaweni ebonakalayo. Kwakuyinselele emuncu. Bazama ukuyixazulula ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, futhi umphumela waba icala eliseduze nalokho okwaqaliswa yiLoboda, kodwa hhayi kuzo zonke izici.
Sivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi anqume ukuthi ukuphi. Senza izimpawu zenkundla, lapho abantu bakhetha umkhakha, umugqa, indawo. Konke lokhu “ngokuchofoza” okune. Okulandelayo kwakudingeka sinqume indlela eya esiteji. Ukwenza lokhu, sibonise i-silhouette yokuthi indawo kufanele ibukeke kanjani ngokombono wangokwezifiso. Wayihlanganisa, wayishaya futhi kwaba - isiteji sahlala phansi. Sizame ukwenza lolu hlelo lube lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Noma kunjalo, u-90% wezibukeli ebezifuna ukubuka uhlelo akubona labo bantu abanolwazi lokuxhumana namaqiniso angeziwe.
U-Dmitriy: Ingabe bekunesicelo esihlukile sale phrojekthi?
U-Andrew: Yebo, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS ne-Android, esiluphushele esitolo. Kube nomkhankaso wokuphromotha ohlukile wayo. Ichazwe ngaphambilini ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokulanda nokunye.
U-Dmitriy: Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ayikho indawo yokuthi umuntu avivinye ngokomzimba futhi afunde ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo lokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi "wokufundisa" izethameli waba nzima kakhulu.
U-Andrew: Yebo Yebo. Nge-UX, sibambe ama-bumps amaningi, ngoba umsebenzisi ufuna ukuthola ulwazi ngokuchofoza okuthathu: ukulandwa, ukufakwa, ukuqaliswa - kusebenzile. Abantu abaningi bavilapha kakhulu ukulandela izifundo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukufunda okokufundisa, nokunye. Futhi asizange sizame ukuchaza yonke into kumsebenzisi ngangokunokwenzeka esifundweni: iwindi lizovuleka lapha, ukufinyelela ikhamera lapha, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke isebenze, njalonjalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubhala izincazelo ezingaki, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlafuna imininingwane eminingi kangakanani, noma ngabe ufaka ziphi izipho, abantu abazifundi.
E-Minsk siqoqe inqwaba yempendulo kule ngxenye, futhi sesivele sishintshe okuningi kuhlelo lokusebenza eKazan. Asifaki lapho kuphela lawo maphonogram kanye nalawo makhodi esikhathi ahambisana nesiqephu esithile seqiniso elingathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona, kodwa sithathe wonke amaphonogramu namakhodi esikhathi ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke isicelo sezwa ukuthi kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwethulwa, futhi - uma umuntu engene ngesikhathi esingalungile - sanikeza imininingwane: "Comrade, ngiyaxolisa, isiqephu sakho se-AR sizoba emizuzwini eyi-15."
Okuncane mayelana nezakhiwo nendlela yokuvumelanisa
Ikhodi yesikhathi (ngo ) - 16:37
U-Dmitriy: Ingabe unqume ukuvumelanisa ngomsindo?
U-Andrew: Yebo, kwenzeka ngengozi. Sasibheka izinketho futhi sathola inkampani kusuka e-Izhevsk. Benza i-SDK engeyona eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa esebenza ngensimbi, ekuvumela ukuthi uvumelanise umsindo nesikhathi. Isistimu ibekwe ukuze isebenze ne-TV, lapho ukwazi ukubonisa okuthile kuhlelo lokusebenza ngokusekelwe kumsindo wesikhangiso esinemibandela noma unikeze ulwazi olusebenzisanayo olususelwe kuthrekhi ye-movie.
U-Dmitriy: Kodwa into eyodwa - uhlezi egumbini lakho lokuphumula, futhi enye into - inkundla yezemidlalo enezinkulungwane zabantu. Izinto zikuhambele kanjani ngekhwalithi yomsindo oqoshiwe kanye nokubonwa kwawo okwalandela?
U-Andrew: Kwakukhona ukwesaba nokungabaza okuningi, kodwa ezimweni eziningi konke kwaqashelwa kahle. Bakha amasiginesha kuthrekhi yomsindo ngama-algorithms abo anobuqili - umphumela unesisindo esingaphansi kwefayela lomsindo lokuqala. Uma imakrofoni ilalela umsindo ozungezile, izama ukuthola lezi zici futhi ibone ithrekhi ngokususelwe kuzo. Ezimweni ezinhle, ukunemba kokuvumelanisa kuyimizuzwana engu-0,1-0,2. Lokhu bekungaphezu kokwanele. Ezimweni ezimbi umehluko wawufika kumasekhondi angu-0,5.
Okuningi kuncike kudivayisi. Sisebenze ngeqoqo elikhulu lamadivayisi. Kuma-iPhones kunamamodeli ayi-10 kuphela. Basebenza kahle ngokwekhwalithi nezinye izici. Kodwa nge-androids izu ifana nomama. Hhayi yonke indawo kwavela ukuthi ukuvumelanisa umsindo kuyasebenza. Kube nezimo lapho kungenzeki khona ukuzwa amathrekhi ahlukene kumadivayisi ahlukene ngenxa yezinye izici. Endaweni ethile amaza aphansi ayanyamalala, endaweni ethile amaza aphezulu aqala ukuhefuzela. Kodwa uma idivayisi ine-normalizer kumakrofoni, ukuvumelanisa kwakuhlale kusebenza.
U-Dmitriy: Sicela usitshele mayelana nezakhiwo - yini esetshenziswe kuphrojekthi?
U-Andrew: Senze uhlelo lokusebenza ku-Unity - inketho elula kakhulu ngokuya ngamapulatifomu amaningi kanye nokusebenza ngezithombe. Kusetshenziswe i-AR Foundation. Ngokushesha sathi asifuni ukwenza uhlelo lube nzima, ngakho-ke sizikhawulele eqoqweni lamadivayisi asekela i-ARKit ne-ARCore ukuze sibe nesikhathi sokuhlola yonke into. Senze i-plugin ye-DigitalSoft SDK, yona . Sakhe isistimu yokuphatha okuqukethwe ukuze imibhalo isebenze ngokuvumelana nomugqa wesikhathi.
Sixhumane kancane nohlelo lwezinhlayiyana, ngoba umsebenzisi angangena noma nini esiqeshini esithile, futhi sidinga ukuthi abone yonke into kusukela ngesikhathi avumelanisa ngaso. Sixhumane nesistimu evumela izimo ukuthi zidlalwe ngokucacile ngesikhathi, ukuze ukuzizwisa kwe-XNUMXD kuskrolwe emuva naphambili, njengaku-movie. Ngenkathi isebenza ngaphandle kwebhokisi ngokugqwayiza kwakudala, kudingeke ukuthi sicubungule ngamasistimu wezinhlayiyana. Ngesinye isikhathi, baqala ukuzala, futhi uma uzithola endaweni ethile ngaphambi kwephuzu lokuzala, abakakazalwa, nakuba kubonakala sengathi kufanele babe. Kodwa le nkinga empeleni kulula kakhulu ukuyixazulula.
Ngokwengxenye yeselula, i-architecture ilula kakhulu. Ekusakazweni kwethelevishini konke kuba nzima kakhulu. Besinemikhawulo yehardware. Ikhasimende libeke umbandela: “Lapha sinepaki elinjalo nelinjalo, uma sikhuluma nje, yonke into idinga ukusebenza kuyo.” Ngokushesha sagxila eqinisweni lokuthi sizosebenza ngamakhadi wokuthwebula amavidiyo anesabelomali uma kuqhathaniswa. Kodwa isabelomali akusho ukuthi zimbi.
Kube nemikhawulo ku-hardware, kumakhadi wokuthwebula ividiyo kanye nezimo zokusebenza - ukuthi kufanele sisithole kanjani isithombe. Amakhadi wokuthwebula - I-Blackmagic Design, esetshenziswe ngokohlelo lokhiye lwangaphakathi - kulapho uhlaka lwevidiyo luza kuwe luvela kukhamera. Ikhadi line-chip yalo yokucubungula, lapho uhlaka luphinde lufakwe khona, okumele lubekwe phezulu phezu kwalolo olungenayo. Ikhadi liyawaxuba - asithinti enye into lapho futhi asithinti ifremu evela kukhamera yevidiyo. Ukhafula umphumela awuyise egumbini lokulawula ngokukhipha ividiyo. Lena indlela enhle yokumbondela izihloko nezinye izinto ezifanayo, kodwa ayifaneleki kakhulu imithelela engokoqobo exubile ngoba kunemikhawulo eminingi epayipini lokunikeza.
U-Dmitriy: Mayelana nekhompyutha yesikhathi sangempela, ukubopha into, noma enye into?
U-Andrew: Mayelana nekhwalithi kanye nokufeza imiphumela oyifunayo. Ngoba asazi ukuthi sibeka isithombe phezulu. Simane sithumele imininingwane yombala nokukhanyela phezu kokusakaza kwangempela. Eminye imithelela efana nokuhlehla, ukukhanya okulungile, nezithunzi ezengeziwe azikwazi ukufezwa ngalolu hlelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza konke ndawonye. Isibonelo, ayikho indlela yokudala umphumela wokuhlanekezela komoya emlilweni noma i-asphalt eshisayo. Okufanayo kuya ekudlulisweni komphumela osobala kucatshangelwa inkomba ye-refractive. Senze okuqukethwe ekuqaleni ngokusekelwe kule mikhawulo futhi sazama ukusebenzisa imiphumela efanele.
U-Dmitriy: Ingabe ubusuvele unokuqukethwe kwakho kuphrojekthi yokuqala Yemidlalo YaseYurophu?
U-Andrew: Cha, isigaba esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kokuqukethwe senziwe ngabafana baseSechenov.com. Abaculi babo abayingcaca badwebe okuqukethwe okuyisisekelo ngezithombe ezinyakazayo nezinye izinto. Futhi sihlanganise konke enjinini, sengeza imiphumela eyengeziwe, sayilungisa ukuze konke kusebenze kahle.
Uma sikhuluma ngepayipi, khona-ke ukusakazwa kwethelevishini sihlanganise yonke into ku-Unreal Engine 4. Ngokuqondana nje, ngaleso sikhathi baqala ukuthuthukisa amathuluzi abo eqiniso elixubile. Kwavela ukuthi konke akulula kangako. Ngisho namanje wonke amathuluzi aluhlaza, kwakudingeka siqedele okuningi ngesandla. E-Minsk sasebenza ekwakheni inkambiso yenjini, okungukuthi, sibhala kabusha ezinye izinto ngaphakathi kwenjini ukuze, isibonelo, sikwazi ukudweba izithunzi phezu kwezinto zangempela. Inguqulo yenjini eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi yayingenazo izici ezazizovumela lokhu ukuthi kwenziwe kusetshenziswa amathuluzi avamile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abafana bethu bazenzela owabo umhlangano wangokwezifiso ukuze banikeze konke obekudingeka kakhulu.
Amanye ama-nuances kanye nokuzivumelanisa ne-WorldSkills e-Kazan
Ikhodi yesikhathi (ngo ) - 31:37
U-Dmitriy: Kodwa konke lokhu ngesikhathi esifushane nje?
U-Andrew: Iminqamulajuqu ibiqinile , ngokusho kweMinsk - evamile. Cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuthuthukiswa, kodwa kucatshangelwa ukuthi abantu abayisithupha babandakanyeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sasenza ingxenye yeselula futhi sakha amathuluzi okukhiqiza umabonakude. Akukho okukhipha isithombe kuphela. Isibonelo, uhlelo lokulandelela olunama-optics, ngenxa yalokhu kwakudingeka udale amathuluzi akho.
U-Dmitriy: Ingabe kwakukhona ukujwayela kusuka kwenye iphrojekthi kuya kwenye? Ngenyanga nengxenye, kwakudingeka ukusizakala ngentuthuko futhi udlulisele iphrojekthi ngokuqukethwe okusha kusayithi elisha?
U-Andrew: Yebo, kwakuyinyanga nengxenye. Sasihlele iholide lamasonto amabili lonke iqembu ngemva kwephrojekthi yaseMinsk. Kodwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuvala, abafana baseSechenov.com beza bathi: "Ake senze iKazan." Sisakwazi ukuphumula kancane, kodwa sashintshela kule phrojekthi ngokushesha okukhulu. Siqede umsebenzi othile wobuchwepheshe. Isikhathi esiningi besichithwa kokuqukethwe, ngoba ku-WorldSkills sikwenze ngokuphelele, sivele sikuxhumanise neqembu elikhiqizayo. Kwakukhona umbhalo kuphela ohlangothini lwabo. Kodwa kwakulula - sasingekho isidingo sokuphindaphinda okwengeziwe. Uma udala okuqukethwe ngokwakho, ubona ngokushesha ukuthi kusebenza kanjani enjinini, futhi ungakwazi ukuhlela ngokushesha futhi uhlanganise.
Mayelana nengxenye yeselula, sicabangele zonke izinto ezicashile esasinazo eMinsk. Senze idizayini yohlelo olusha, sahlela kabusha isakhiwo kancane, sangeza okokufundisa, kodwa sazama ukukwenza kube mfushane futhi kucace ngangokunokwenzeka. Sehlise inani lezinyathelo zomsebenzisi kusukela ekuqaliseni uhlelo lokusebenza ukuya ekubukeni okuqukethwe. Inyanga nengxenye yayanele ukuqeda umsebenzi owanele. Ngemva kwesonto nesigamu safika endaweni. Kwaba lula ukusebenza lapho ngoba konke ukulawula umsebenzi kwakusezandleni zabahleli, sasingekho isidingo sokusebenzisana namanye amakomiti. Kwakulula futhi kulula ukusebenza eKazan futhi kwakuyinto evamile ukuthi isikhathi sincane.
U-Dmitriy: Kodwa ingabe unqume ukushiya indlela yokuvumelanisa njengoba yayinjalo, ngokusekelwe emsindweni?
U-Andrew: Yebo, sayishiya ngomsindo. Isebenze kahle. Njengoba besho, uma kusebenza, ungayithinti. Simane sicabangele ama-nuances wekhwalithi yethrekhi yomsindo. Ngesikhathi benza isingeniso kube nesiqephu sokuqeqesha abantu abazosizama ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale uhlelo. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ngesikhathi sokudlala ithrekhi enkundleni yezemidlalo kuba nehlombe elinamandla, "bukhoma", uhlelo lukuvumela ukuthi uvumelanise kahle nale threkhi, kodwa uma okwamanje ihlombe elirekhodiwe lixubene nethrekhi, khona-ke ithrekhi ayisabanjwa. Ama-nuances anjalo ayecatshangelwa, futhi yonke into yayivunyelaniswe kahle ngokwezwi lomsindo.
PS Engxenyeni yesibili yodaba sikhuluma ngokubonwa kwedatha yesayensi, ukumodela kwenqubo kwamanye amaphrojekthi, ukuthuthukiswa komdlalo kanye nohlelo lwenkosi "" Sizoshicilela ukuqhubeka esihlokweni esilandelayo. Ungasilalela futhi usisekele lapha:
PPS Khonamanjalo, enguqulweni yesiNgisi kaHabr: .
Source: www.habr.com