Noma ngabe unesibopho sokukodwa Windows 10 I-PC noma izinkulungwane, izinselelo zokuphatha izibuyekezo ziyefana. Umgomo wakho uwukufaka ngokushesha izibuyekezo zokuphepha, usebenze ngobuchule ngezibuyekezo zezici, futhi uvimbele ukulahleka kokukhiqiza ngenxa yokuqalisa kabusha okungalindelekile.
Ingabe ibhizinisi lakho linalo uhlelo oluphelele lokusingatha Windows 10 izibuyekezo? Kuyalinga ukucabanga ngalokhu okudawunilodiwe njengezinkinga zezikhathi ezithile ezidinga ukubhekwana nazo ngokushesha nje lapho zivela. Kodwa-ke, indlela esabelayo yezibuyekezo iyiresiphi yokukhungatheka nokulahlekelwa umkhiqizo.
Kunalokho, ungakha isu lokuphatha ukuze uhlole futhi usebenzise izibuyekezo ukuze inqubo ibe umkhuba njengokuthumela ama-invoyisi noma ukuqedela amabhalansi okubalwa kwezimali anyanga zonke.
Lesi sihloko sinikeza lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-Microsoft iphusha kanjani izibuyekezo kumadivayisi asebenzayo Windows 10, kanye nemininingwane yamathuluzi namasu ongawasebenzisa ukuze uphathe ngobuhlakani lezi zibuyekezo kumadivayisi asebenzayo Windows 10 I-Pro, Enterprise, noma Education. (Windows 10 Ikhaya lisekela kuphela ukuphathwa kokubuyekezwa okuyisisekelo futhi alifanele ukusetshenziswa endaweni yebhizinisi.)
Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi ungene kunoma yiliphi lalawa mathuluzi, uzodinga uhlelo.
Ithini inqubomgomo yakho yokubuyekeza?
Iphuzu lemithetho yokuthuthukisa ukwenza inqubo yokuthuthukisa ibikezelwe, ichaze izinqubo zokuxwayisa abasebenzisi ukuze bakwazi ukuhlela umsebenzi wabo ngokufanele futhi bagweme isikhathi sokuphumula esingalindelekile. Imithetho iphinde ihlanganise nezinqubo zokusingatha izinkinga ezingalindelekile, okuhlanganisa ukubuyisela emuva izibuyekezo ezingaphumelelanga.
Imithetho yokuvuselela enengqondo inika isikhathi esithile sokusebenza nezibuyekezo nyanga zonke. Enhlanganweni encane, iwindi elikhethekile ohlelweni lokugcinwa kwe-PC ngayinye lingasebenza le njongo. Ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu, izixazululo ezinobukhulu obubodwa azikwazi ukusebenza, futhi kuzodingeka zihlukanise inani labantu be-PC ngamaqembu okuvuselela (i-Microsoft ibiza ngokuthi "izindandatho"), ngayinye ezoba nesu layo lokuvuselela.
Imithetho kufanele ichaze izinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zezibuyekezo. Uhlobo oluqondakalayo kakhulu ukuphepha okuqongelelekayo kanye nezibuyekezo zokuthembeka, ezikhishwa ngoLwesibili lwesibili lwenyanga ngayinye (“Patch Tuesday”). Lokhu kukhishwa kuvame ukufaka Ithuluzi Lokususa Isofthiwe Eyingozi ye-Windows, kodwa kungase kuhlanganise noma yiziphi izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezibuyekezo:
- Izibuyekezo zokuphepha ze-.NET Framework
- Izibuyekezo zokuphepha ze-Adobe Flash Player
- Ukunikeza izibuyekezo zesitaki (ezidinga ukufakwa kusukela ekuqaleni).
Ungakwazi ukubambezela ukufakwa kwanoma yiziphi zalezi zibuyekezo kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-30.
Kuya ngomkhiqizi we-PC, izishayeli zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha kanye ne-firmware kungase futhi kusatshalaliswe ngesiteshi Sokuvuselela I-Windows. Ungakwenqaba lokhu noma ukuphathe ngokuvumelana nezikimu ezifanayo nezinye izibuyekezo.
Ekugcineni, izibuyekezo zesici nazo zisatshalaliswa nge-Windows Update. Lawa maphakheji amakhulu abuyekezwa Windows 10 enguqulweni yakamuva, futhi akhululwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kukho konke ukuhlelwa kwawo Windows 10 ngaphandle Kwesiteshi Sesikhathi Eside Sesevisi (LTSC). Ungakwazi ukuhlehlisa ukufakwa kwezibuyekezo zesici ngokusebenzisa i-Windows Update for Business kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-365; Kuma-edishini e-Enterprise and Education, ukufakwa kungase kuhlehliswe kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-30.
Ukucabangela konke lokhu, ungaqala ukudweba imithetho yokuvuselela, okufanele ifake izici ezilandelayo ze-PC ngayinye ehlinzekwayo:
- Isikhathi sokufakwa kwezibuyekezo zanyanga zonke. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, Windows 10 ilanda futhi ifake izibuyekezo zanyanga zonke phakathi namahora angama-24 zokukhishwa kwazo ku-Patch Tuesday. Ungabambezela ukulanda lezi zibuyekezo kwamanye noma wonke ama-PC enkampani yakho ukuze ube nesikhathi sokubheka ukuhambisana; lokhu kubambezeleka kukuvumela futhi ukuthi ugweme izinkinga uma iMicrosoft ithola inkinga ngesibuyekezo ngemuva kokukhululwa, njengoba sekwenzekile izikhathi eziningi Windows 10.
- Isikhathi sokufakwa kwezibuyekezo zengxenye yonyaka. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, izibuyekezo zesici ziyalandwa futhi zifakwe lapho iMicrosoft ikholelwa ukuthi sezilungile. Edivayisini iMicrosoft ebone kufanele ukuthi ibuyekezwe, ukubuyekezwa kwesici kungase kuthathe izinsuku ezimbalwa ukufika ngemva kokukhishwa. Kwamanye amadivaysi, ukubuyekezwa kwesici kungase kuthathe izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuthi kuvele, noma zingase zivinjwe ngokuphelele ngenxa yezinkinga zokusebenzisana. Ungasetha ukubambezeleka kwamanye noma wonke ama-PC enhlanganweni yakho ukuze uzinike isikhathi sokubuyekeza ukukhishwa okusha. Kusukela ngenguqulo 1903, abasebenzisi be-PC bazonikezwa izibuyekezo zengxenye, kodwa abasebenzisi ngokwabo kuphela abazonikeza imiyalo yokuyilanda futhi bayifake.
- Ukuvumela nini i-PC yakho ukuthi iqale kabusha ukuze uqedele ukufakwa kwezibuyekezo: Izibuyekezo eziningi zidinga ukuqalisa phansi ukuze kuqedelwe ukufaka. Lokhu kuqalisa kabusha kwenzeka ngaphandle "kwesikhathi somsebenzi" sika-8 a.m. kuya ku-17 p.m.; Lesi silungiselelo singashintshwa njengoba kuthanda, kunwetshwe ubude besikhathi bufike emahoreni ayi-18. Amathuluzi okuphatha akuvumela ukuthi uhlele izikhathi ezithile zokulanda nokufaka izibuyekezo.
- Ubazisa kanjani abasebenzisi mayelana nezibuyekezo kanye nokuqalisa kabusha: Ukugwema izimanga ezingajabulisi, Windows 10 yazisa abasebenzisi uma izibuyekezo zitholakala. Ukulawulwa kwalezi zaziso ngaphakathi Windows 10 izilungiselelo zinqunyelwe. Izilungiselelo eziningi ziyatholakala "kuzinqubomgomo zeqembu".
- Kwesinye isikhathi iMicrosoft ikhipha izibuyekezo ezibalulekile zokuphepha ngaphandle kohlelo lwayo olujwayelekile lwePatch ngoLwesibili. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe amaphutha okuvikela axhashazwa ngonya abantu besithathu. Ingabe kufanele ngisheshise ukusetshenziswa kwezibuyekezo ezinjalo noma ngilinde iwindi elilandelayo kushejuli?
- Ukubhekana Nezibuyekezo Ezihlulekile: Uma isibuyekezo sihluleka ukufaka kahle noma sidala izinkinga, uzokwenzani ngakho?
Uma usuzihlonze lezi zakhi, yisikhathi sokukhetha amathuluzi okuphatha izibuyekezo.
Ukuphathwa kokubuyekeza mathupha
Emabhizinisini amancane kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nezitolo ezinomsebenzi oyedwa kuphela, kulula kakhulu ukumisa ngesandla ukuvuselelwa kweWindows. Izilungiselelo > Ukuvuselela Nokuphepha > I-Windows Update. Lapho ungalungisa amaqembu amabili wezilungiselelo.
Okokuqala, khetha "Shintsha isikhathi somsebenzi" futhi ulungise izilungiselelo ukuze zivumelane nemikhuba yakho yokusebenza. Uma ngokuvamile usebenza kusihlwa, ungagwema isikhathi sokuphumula ngokumisa lawa manani kusuka ngo-18pm kuya phakathi kwamabili, okubangela ukuqalisa kabusha okuhleliwe ukuthi kwenzeke ekuseni.
Bese ukhetha okuthi “Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe” kanye nesilungiselelo esithi “Khetha ukuthi ufake nini izibuyekezo,” ukusetha ngokuvumelana nemithetho yakho:
- Khetha ukuthi zingaki izinsuku zokubambezela ukufakwa kwezibuyekezo zesici. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-365.
- Khetha ukuthi zingaki izinsuku zokubambezeleka kokufakwa kwezibuyekezo zekhwalithi, okuhlanganisa nezibuyekezo zokuphepha eziqoqiwe ezikhishwe ngePatch Tuesdays. Inani eliphakeme yizinsuku ezingama-30.
Ezinye izilungiselelo kuleli khasi zilawula ukuthi izaziso zokuqalisa kabusha ziyaboniswa (zinikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalela) nokuthi ingabe izibuyekezo zingalandwa yini ekuxhumekeni okuqaphela ithrafikhi (kukhutshazwe ngokuzenzakalelayo).
Ngaphambili Windows 10 inguqulo 1903, bekukhona nesilungiselelo sokukhetha isiteshi - ingxenye yonyaka, noma isigamu sonyaka esiqondiwe. Ikhishwe kunguqulo 1903, futhi ezinguqulweni ezindala ayisebenzi.
Impela, iphuzu lokubambezela izibuyekezo akukona ukumane ugweme inqubo bese umangaze abasebenzisi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma uhlela izibuyekezo zekhwalithi ukuthi zibambezeleke izinsuku eziyi-15, isibonelo, kufanele usebenzise leso sikhathi ukuze uhlole izibuyekezo ukuthi ziyahambisana yini, futhi ushejule iwindi lokulungisa ngesikhathi esifanele ngaphambi kokuphela kwaleso sikhathi.
Ukuphatha izibuyekezo ngezinqubomgomo zeqembu
Zonke izilungiselelo ezishiwo ngesandla zingasetshenziswa ngezinqubomgomo zeqembu, futhi ohlwini oluphelele lwezinqubomgomo ezihlotshaniswa ne-Windows 10 izibuyekezo, kunezilungiselelo eziningi kakhulu kunalezo ezitholakala kumasethingi avamile.
Angasetshenziswa kuma-PC ngamanye kusetshenziswa umhleli wenqubomgomo yeqembu lendawo i-Gpedit.msc, noma kusetshenziswa imibhalo. Kepha imvamisa asetshenziswa esizindeni seWindows esine-Active Directory, lapho inhlanganisela yezinqubomgomo ingaphathwa emaqenjini ama-PC.
Inombolo ebalulekile yezinqubomgomo isetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ku-Windows 10. Ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlobene “Nezibuyekezo Ze-Windows Zebhizinisi”, ezitholakala kokuthi Ukucushwa Kwekhompyutha > Izifanekiso Zokuphatha > Izingxenye Ze-Windows > Isibuyekezo Se-Windows > I-Windows Update for Business.
- Khetha ukuthi ungazithola nini izakhiwo zokubuka kuqala - isiteshi nokubambezeleka kwezibuyekezo zezici.
- Khetha ukuthi uzozithola nini izibuyekezo zekhwalithi - ukubambezela izibuyekezo eziqongelelanayo zanyanga zonke nezinye izibuyekezo ezihlobene nokuvikeleka.
- Lawula ukwakhiwa kokubuka kuqala: lapho umsebenzisi engakwazi ukubhalisa umshini ohlelweni lwe-Windows Insider futhi achaze iringi ye-Insider.
Iqembu lenqubomgomo elengeziwe litholakala kokuthi Ukucushwa Kwekhompyutha > Izifanekiso Zokulawula > Izingxenye Ze-Windows > Isibuyekezo Se-Windows, lapho ungakwazi khona:
- Susa ukufinyelela esicini sezibuyekezo zokumisa okwesikhashana, okuzovimbela abasebenzisi kusukela ekuphazamiseni ukufakwa ngokukubambezela izinsuku ezingu-35.
- Susa ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izilungiselelo zokubuyekeza.
- Vumela ukulanda okuzenzakalelayo kwezibuyekezo ekuxhumekeni okusekelwe kuthrafikhi.
- Ungalandi kanye nezibuyekezo zomshayeli.
Izilungiselelo ezilandelayo zivuliwe kuphela Windows 10, futhi zihlobene nokuqalisa kabusha nezaziso:
- Khubaza ukuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo ukuze uthole izibuyekezo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
- Cacisa ibanga lesikhathi elisebenzayo lokuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo.
- Cacisa umnqamulajuqu wokuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo ukuze ufake izibuyekezo (kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuye kweziyi-14).
- Setha izaziso ukuze zikukhumbuze mayelana nokuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo: khulisa isikhathi umsebenzisi axwayiswa ngaso ngalokhu (kusuka kumaminithi angu-15 kuya kwangu-240).
- Khubaza izaziso zokuqalisa kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze ufake izibuyekezo.
- Lungiselela isaziso sokuqalisa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo ukuze singanyamalala ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-25.
- Ungavumeli izinqubomgomo zokulibaziseka kwesibuyekezo ukuthi zicuphe ukuskena Kwesibuyekezo Se-Windows: Le nqubomgomo ivimbela i-PC ekuhloleni izibuyekezo uma ukubambezeleka kwabelwe.
- Vumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baphathe izikhathi zokuqalisa kabusha kanye nezaziso zokusnuza.
- Lungiselela izaziso mayelana nezibuyekezo (ukubukeka kwezaziso, kusukela emahoreni angu-4 ukuya kwangu-24), kanye nezexwayiso mayelana nokuqalisa kabusha okuseduze (kusuka kumaminithi angu-15 ukuya kwangu-60).
- Buyekeza inqubomgomo yamandla ukuze uqale kabusha umgqomo wokusebenzisa kabusha (isilungiselelo samasistimu ezemfundo esivumela izibuyekezo ngisho nalapho kumandla ebhethri).
- Bonisa izilungiselelo zesaziso sokubuyekeza: Ikuvumela ukuthi ukhubaze izaziso zokubuyekeza.
Izinqubomgomo ezilandelayo zikhona kuzo zombili Windows 10 nezinye izinguqulo ezindala ze-Windows:
- Izilungiselelo Zokubuyekeza Okuzenzakalelayo: Leli qembu lezilungiselelo likuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ishejuli yokubuyekeza yamasonto onke, biweekly, noma nyanga zonke, okuhlanganisa usuku lweviki kanye nesikhathi sokudawuniloda ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ufake izibuyekezo.
- Cacisa indawo yesevisi ye-Microsoft Update ku-intranet: Lungiselela i-Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) iseva esizindeni.
- Vumela iklayenti ukuthi lijoyine iqembu eliqondiwe: Abalawuli bangasebenzisa amaqembu okuphepha Ohlu Lwemibhalo Esebenzayo ukuze bachaze izindandatho zokuphakela ze-WSUS.
- Ungaxhumi ku-Windows Update izindawo ku-inthanethi: Vimbela ama-PC asebenzisa iseva yokuvuselela yasendaweni ukuthi axhumane neziphakeli zokuvuselela zangaphandle.
- Vumela ukuphathwa kwamandla kwe-Windows Update ukuvusa isistimu ukuthi ifake izibuyekezo ezihleliwe.
- Hlala uqalisa kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo isistimu ngesikhathi esihleliwe.
- Ungaqalisi kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo uma kukhona abasebenzisi abasebenzisa uhlelo.
Amathuluzi okusebenza ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu (Ibhizinisi)
Izinhlangano ezinkulu ezinengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi ye-Windows zingadlula amaseva okuvuselela e-Microsoft futhi zikhiphe izibuyekezo ezivela kuseva yendawo. Lokhu kudinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe okuvela emnyangweni we-IT webhizinisi, kodwa kwengeza ukuguquguquka enkampanini. Izinketho ezimbili ezidume kakhulu yi-Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) kanye ne-System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM).
Iseva ye-WSUS ilula. Isebenza endimeni ye-Windows Server futhi inikeza isitoreji esimaphakathi sezibuyekezo ze-Windows enhlanganweni yonke. Esebenzisa izinqubomgomo zeqembu, umlawuli uqondisa a Windows 10 I-PC kuseva ye-WSUS, esebenza njengomthombo owodwa wamafayela wenhlangano yonke. Kusuka kukhonsoli yayo yomqondisi, ungagunyaza izibuyekezo bese ukhetha ukuthi uzozifaka nini kuma-PC ngamanye noma emaqenjini ama-PC. Ama-PC anganikezwa mathupha emaqenjini ahlukene, noma ukukhonjwa kohlangothi lweklayenti kungasetshenziswa ukuze kusetshenziswe izibuyekezo ezisekelwe emaqenjini okuvikela e-Active Directory.
Njengokuthi Windows 10Izibuyekezo eziqoqiwe zikhula kakhulu ngokukhishwa ngakunye okusha, zingathatha ingxenye enkulu yomkhawulokudonsa wakho. Amaseva e-WSUS alondoloza ithrafikhi ngokusebenzisa Amafayela Okufakwa Kwe-Express - lokhu kudinga isikhala esiningi samahhala kuseva, kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu usayizi wamafayela okubuyekeza athunyelwa kuma-PC amaklayenti.
Kumaseva asebenzisa i-WSUS 4.0 nakamuva, ungakwazi futhi ukuphatha Windows 10 izici zokuvuselela.
Inketho yesibili, Umphathi Wokucushwa Kwesikhungo Sesistimu usebenzisa I-Figuration Manager ecebile ye-Windows ngokuhlanganyela ne-WSUS ukuze kusetshenziswe izibuyekezo zekhwalithi nezibuyekezo zesici. Ideshibhodi ivumela abaphathi benethiwekhi ukuthi baqaphe Windows 10 ukusetshenziswa kuyo yonke inethiwekhi yabo futhi badale izinhlelo zokulungisa ezisekelwe eqenjini ezihlanganisa ulwazi lwawo wonke ama-PC asezophela ekupheleni komjikelezo wawo wokusekela.
Uma inhlangano yakho isivele inesiphathi sokucushwa esifakiwe ukuze sisebenze nezinguqulo zangaphambili ze-Windows, yengeza usekelo lwe Windows 10 kulula kakhulu.
Source: www.habr.com