I-ProHoster > Блог > Ukuphatha > Ukwakha iqoqo le-PostgreSQL elitholakala kakhulu usebenzisa i-Patroni, njlld, i-HAProxy

Ukwakha iqoqo le-PostgreSQL elitholakala kakhulu usebenzisa i-Patroni, njlld, i-HAProxy

Kwenzeka lokhu nje, ngesikhathi inkinga ibekwa, ngangingenalo ulwazi olwanele lokuthuthukisa nokuqalisa lesi sixazululo kuphela. Bese ngaqala i-Google.

Angazi ukuthi yini ukubamba, kodwa okweshumi nambili ngibhekene neqiniso lokuthi noma ngenza yonke into ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo njengasesifundweni, ngilungiselela indawo efanayo njengombhali, ngakho-ke akukho lutho oluke lusebenze. Angazi ukuthi yini inkinga, kodwa lapho ngiphinde ngihlangana nalokhu, nganquma ukuthi ngizobhala okwami ​​okokufundisa lapho konke sekusebenza. Enye ezosebenza nakanjani.

Imihlahlandlela ku-inthanethi

Kwenzeka kanjalo nje ukuthi i-intanethi ayihlushwa ukuntuleka kweziqondiso ezihlukahlukene, izifundo, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo nokunye okunjalo. Kwenzeka lokhu nje nginikezwe umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa isixazululo sokuhlela nokwakha iqoqo le-PostgreSQL le-failover, izidingo eziyinhloko okwakuwukusakaza ukuphindaphinda kusuka kuseva Eyinhloko kuya kuzo zonke izifaniso kanye nokuhlinzekwa okuzenzakalelayo kwendawo egciniwe uma kwenzeka iseva ye-Master. ukwehluleka.

Kulesi sigaba, inqwaba yobuchwepheshe esetshenzisiwe yanqunywa:

  • I-PostgreSQL njenge-DBMS
  • Patroni njengesixazululo sokuhlanganisa
  • etcd njengesitoreji esabalalisiwe se-Patroni
  • I-HAproxy yokuhlela indawo eyodwa yokungena yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa isizindalwazi

setting

Ukuze unake - ukwakha iqoqo le-PostgreSQL elitholakala kakhulu usebenzisa i-Patroni, njlld, i-HAProxy.

Yonke imisebenzi yenziwa emishinini ebonakalayo ene-Debian 10 OS efakiwe.

njll

Angincomi ukufaka njlld emishinini efanayo lapho i-patroni ne-postgresql izotholakala khona, ngoba umthwalo wediski ubaluleke kakhulu ku-etcd. Kodwa ngezinjongo zemfundo, sizokwenza lokho kanye.
Masifake njlld.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get update
apt-get install etcd

Engeza okuqukethwe kufayela /etc/default/etcd

[ilungu]

ETCD_NAME=datanode1 # igama lomethuleli lomshini wakho
ETCD_DATA_DIR=”/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd”

WONKE AMAKHELI E-IP KUFANELE AVUMELE. U-LISTER PEER, CLIENT njll KUFANELE ISETHWE KU-IP ADDRESS OF Host

ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380»# ikheli lemoto yakho
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379»# ikheli lemoto yakho

[iqoqo]

ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2380»# ikheli lemoto yakho
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER=»datanode1=http://192.168.0.143:2380,datanode2=http://192.168.0.144:2380,datanode3=http://192.168.0.145:2380» # amakheli ayo yonke imishini ku-etcd cluster
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="okusha"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-1″
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.0.143:2379»# ikheli lemoto yakho

Yenza umyalo

systemctl restart etcd

I-PostgreSQL 9.6 + patroni

Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukumisa imishini emithathu ebonakalayo ukuze ufake isofthiwe edingekayo kuyo. Ngemuva kokufaka imishini, uma ulandela isifundo sami, ungasebenzisa lesi script esilula (cishe) esizokwenzela konke. Isebenza njengempande.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi umbhalo usebenzisa i-PostgreSQL version 9.6, lokhu kungenxa yezidingo zangaphakathi zenkampani yethu. Isixazululo asikahlolwa kwezinye izinguqulo ze-PostgreSQL.

#!/bin/bash
apt-get install gnupg -y
echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ buster-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | apt-key add -
apt-get update
apt-get install postgresql-9.6 python3-pip python3-dev libpq-dev -y
systemctl stop postgresql
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip install psycopg2
pip install patroni[etcd]
echo "
[Unit]
Description=Runners to orchestrate a high-availability PostgreSQL
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple

User=postgres
Group=postgres

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/patroni /etc/patroni.yml

KillMode=process

TimeoutSec=30

Restart=no

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targ
" > /etc/systemd/system/patroni.service
mkdir -p /data/patroni
chown postgres:postgres /data/patroni
chmod 700 /data/patroniпо
touch /etc/patroni.yml

Okulandelayo, kufayela elithi /etc/patroni.yml osanda kulidala, udinga ukubeka okuqukethwe okulandelayo, vele uguqule amakheli e-IP kuzo zonke izindawo ukuya kumakheli owasebenzisayo.
Naka ukuphawula kule yaml. Shintsha amakheli abe awakho emshinini ngamunye kuqoqo.

/etc/patroni.yml

scope: pgsql # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
namespace: /cluster/ # должно быть одинаковым на всех нодах
name: postgres1 # должно быть разным на всех нодах

restapi:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:8008 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл

etcd:
    hosts: 192.168.0.143:2379,192.168.0.144:2379,192.168.0.145:2379 # перечислите здесь все ваши ноды, в случае если вы устанавливаете etcd на них же

# this section (bootstrap) will be written into Etcd:/<namespace>/<scope>/config after initializing new cluster
# and all other cluster members will use it as a `global configuration`
bootstrap:
    dcs:
        ttl: 100
        loop_wait: 10
        retry_timeout: 10
        maximum_lag_on_failover: 1048576
        postgresql:
            use_pg_rewind: true
            use_slots: true
            parameters:
                    wal_level: replica
                    hot_standby: "on"
                    wal_keep_segments: 5120
                    max_wal_senders: 5
                    max_replication_slots: 5
                    checkpoint_timeout: 30

    initdb:
    - encoding: UTF8
    - data-checksums
    - locale: en_US.UTF8
    # init pg_hba.conf должен содержать адреса ВСЕХ машин, используемых в кластере
    pg_hba:
    - host replication postgres ::1/128 md5
    - host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/8 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.143/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.144/24 md5
    - host replication postgres 192.168.0.145/24 md5
    - host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5

    users:
        admin:
            password: admin
            options:
                - createrole
                - createdb

postgresql:
    listen: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    connect_address: 192.168.0.143:5432 # адрес той ноды, в которой находится этот файл
    data_dir: /data/patroni # эту директорию создаст скрипт, описанный выше и установит нужные права
    bin_dir:  /usr/lib/postgresql/9.6/bin # укажите путь до вашей директории с postgresql
    pgpass: /tmp/pgpass
    authentication:
        replication:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
        superuser:
            username: postgres
            password: postgres
    create_replica_methods:
        basebackup:
            checkpoint: 'fast'
    parameters:
        unix_socket_directories: '.'

tags:
    nofailover: false
    noloadbalance: false
    clonefrom: false
    nosync: false

Umbhalo kufanele usetshenziswe kuyo yomithathu imishini yeqoqo, futhi ukucushwa okungenhla kufanele futhi kufakwe kufayela /etc/patroni.yml kuyo yonke imishini.

Uma usuqedele le misebenzi kuyo yonke imishini eku-cluster, sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo kunoma iyiphi yazo

systemctl start patroni
systemctl start postgresql

Linda cishe imizuzwana engu-30, bese usebenzisa lo myalo emishinini esele kuqoqo.

I-HAproxy

Sisebenzisa i-HAproxy emangalisayo ukunikeza iphuzu elilodwa lokungena. Iseva eyinhloko izohlala itholakala ekhelini lomshini lapho i-HAproxy isetshenziswa khona.

Ukuze singawenzi umshini one-HAproxy iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka, sizoyethula esitsheni se-Docker; ngokuzayo ungethulwa kuqoqo le-K8 futhi senze iqoqo lethu le-failover lithembeke nakakhulu.

Dala uhla lwemibhalo lapho ungagcina khona amafayela amabili - i-Dockerfile ne-haproxy.cfg. Hamba kuyo.

I-Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:latest

RUN apt-get update 
    && apt-get install -y haproxy rsyslog 
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

RUN mkdir /run/haproxy

COPY haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

CMD haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg && tail -F /var/log/haproxy.log

Qaphela, imigqa emithathu yokugcina yefayela haproxy.cfg kufanele ifake amakheli emishini yakho. I-HAproxy izoxhumana no-Patroni, kuzihloko ze-HTTP iseva eyinhloko izohlala ibuyisela i-200, futhi i-replica izohlala ibuyisela i-503.

haproxy.cfg

global
    maxconn 100

defaults
    log global
    mode tcp
    retries 2
    timeout client 30m
    timeout connect 4s
    timeout server 30m
    timeout check 5s

listen stats
    mode http
    bind *:7000
    stats enable
    stats uri /

listen postgres
    bind *:5000
    option httpchk
    http-check expect status 200
    default-server inter 3s fall 3 rise 2 on-marked-down shutdown-sessions
    server postgresql1 192.168.0.143:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql2 192.168.0.144:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008
    server postgresql3 192.168.0.145:5432 maxconn 100 check port 8008

Njengoba sisohlwini lwemibhalo lapho womabili amafayela ethu “aqamba amanga,” masikhiphe ngokulandelanayo imiyalo yokupakisha isiqukathi, kanye nokusethula ngokudlulisela izimbobo ezidingekayo:

docker build -t my-haproxy .
docker run -d -p5000:5000 -p7000:7000 my-haproxy

Manje, ngokuvula ikheli lomshini wakho nge-HAproxy esipheqululini futhi ucacise imbobo engu-7000, uzobona izibalo kuqoqo lakho.

Iseva okuyiyona eyinhloko izoba sesimeni ESINGAPHEZULU, futhi izifaniso zizoba kusimo esithi PHANSI. Lokhu kuvamile, empeleni bayasebenza, kodwa bavela ngale ndlela ngoba babuyisela i-503 yezicelo ezivela ku-HAproxy. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sihlale sazi kahle ukuthi iyiphi kumaseva amathathu okuyinkosi yamanje.

isiphetho

Ave umuhle! Emaminithini angu-30 nje usebenzise iqoqo lesizindalwazi elikwazi ukubekezelela amaphutha kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu elinokuphindaphindwa kokusakaza kanye nokubuyela emuva okuzenzakalelayo. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa lesi sixazululo, hlola nemibhalo esemthethweni ye-Patroni, futhi ikakhulukazi ngengxenye yayo ephathelene nensiza ye-patronictl, enikeza ukufinyelela okulula kokuphatha iqoqo lakho.

Siyakuhalalisela!

Source: www.habr.com

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