Ukubuka konke kwezingxenye ezibalulekile ze-F-35 Unified Strike Fighter's Autonomous Logistics Information System (ALIS). Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe "kweyunithi yokusekela ukulwa" kanye nezingxenye zayo ezine ezibalulekile: 1) isikhombimsebenzisi sohlelo lomuntu, 2) uhlelo lokulawula abaphathi, 3) amasosha omzimba ebhodi, 4) uhlelo lwe-avionics. Olunye ulwazi mayelana ne-firmware ye-F-35 fighter namathuluzi asetshenziselwa isofthiwe yayo esebhodini. Ukuqhathanisa namamodeli wangaphambilini wamasosha okulwa kuyanikezwa, futhi kunikezwa amathuba okuthuthuka kwezindiza zamasosha nawo.
I-F-35 fighter jet iwuxhaxha olundizayo lwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinzwa zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezinikeza isamba “sokuqwashisa ngezimo kwesimo esingama-degree angu-360.”
Isingeniso
Izinhlelo ze-hardware ze-Air Force ziye zaba nzima nakakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. [27] I-cyberinfrastructure yabo (isofthiwe nezingxenye zehadiwe ezidinga ukucushwa okuhle kwe-algorithmic) nayo iya ngokuya iba yinkimbinkimbi. Ngokusebenzisa isibonelo se-US Air Force, umuntu angabona ukuthi ingqalasizinda ye-cyber yezindiza zokulwa - uma iqhathaniswa nezingxenye zayo ze-hardware evamile - ikhule kancane kancane isuka ngaphansi kuka-5% (ku-F-4, i-fighter yesizukulwane sesithathu) ngaphezu kuka-90% (ye-F-35, iqhawe lesizukulwane sesihlanu). [5] Ukuze kulungiswe kahle le ngqalasizinda ye-inthanethi, i-F-35 inesibopho sesofthiwe yakamuva eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile le njongo: I-Autonomous Logistics Information System (ALIS).
Uhlelo lolwazi lwe-Autonomous Logistics
Esikhathini sezilwi zesizukulwane sesi-5, ukuphakama kokulwa kukalwa ngokuyinhloko ngekhwalithi yokuqwashisa ngezimo. [10] Ngakho-ke, i-F-35 fighter iwuswebezane olundizayo lwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinzwa zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, enikeza ingqikithi yokuqwashisa ngezimo ze-360-degree. [11] Ihithi entsha edumile mayelana nalokhu yilokho okubizwa. “I-Integrated Sensor Architecture” (ISA), ehlanganisa izinzwa ezisebenzisana ngokuzimele zodwa ngokuguquguqukayo (hhayi endaweni ethule nje kuphela, kodwa nasezindaweni ezinobuhlakani eziqhudelanayo) - okumele, ngokombono, kuholele ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu nakakhulu kwekhwalithi yokuqwashisa ngezimo. . [7]. Kodwa-ke, ukuze lo mbono usebenze, ukucutshungulwa kwe-algorithmic kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwayo yonke idatha etholwe kuzinzwa kuyadingeka.
Ngakho-ke, i-F-35 ihlale ithwala isofthiwe ebhodini, usayizi ophelele wamakhodi womthombo ongaphezu kwemigqa eyizigidi ezingu-20, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ikhompyutha endizayo." [6] Njengoba enkathini yamanje yesihlanu yabalwi besiteleka, ukuphakama kwempi kukalwa ngekhwalithi yokuqwashisa ngezimo, cishe amaphesenti angu-50 ale khodi yohlelo (imigqa eyizigidi ezingu-8,6) enza ukucubungula okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwe-algorithmic - ukunamathisela yonke idatha ezayo. kusuka kuzinzwa kuya esithombeni esisodwa setiyetha yemisebenzi. Esikhathini sangempela.
Amandla okushintsha ekuhlinzekeni ukusebenza okusebhodini kwabalwa impi yase-US - ukuya kusofthiwe
I-Autonomous Logistics Information System (ALIS) ye-F-35 ihlinzeka isilwi ngoku-1) ukuhlela (ngamasistimu e-avionics athuthukisiwe), 2) ukuzinza (ikhono lokusebenza njengeyunithi yokulwa ehamba phambili), kanye no-3) ukuqinisa. (ikhono lokwenza okuthile njengeyunithi yokulwa nezigqila). [4] "Ikhodi Yeglue" iyingxenye eyinhloko ye-ALIS, ibalwa ku-95% wawo wonke amakhodi endiza ye-F-35. Enye i-50% yekhodi ye-ALIS yenza imisebenzi ethile emincane, kodwa futhi nge-algorithmically kakhulu, imisebenzi. [12] I-F-35 ngakho-ke ingenye yezinhlelo zokulwa eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezake zakhiwa. [6]
I-ALIS iwuhlelo olusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo olunemibandela oluhlanganisa inkimbinkimbi edidiyelwe yezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo ezingaphansi ze-onboard; futhi kuhlanganisa nokusebenzelana okuphumelelayo nomshayeli wendiza ngokumnikeza ulwazi lwekhwalithi ephezulu mayelana netiyetha yokusebenza (ukuqwashisa ngesimo). Injini yesofthiwe ye-ALIS isebenza njalo ngemuva, isiza umshayeli wendiza ekwenzeni izinqumo kanye nokunikeza isiqondiso ezindaweni ezibalulekile endizeni. [13]
Iyunithi yokusekela yokulwa
Enye yezinhlelo ezingaphansi ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-ALIS “iyunithi yokusekela impi”, ehlanganisa izici ezinhlanu eziyinhloko [13]:
1) "Isixhumi esibonakalayo sohlelo lomuntu" - sinikeza ukubonwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwemidlalo yaseshashalazini (i-ergonomic, ebanzi, emfushane). [12] Ebuka le midlalo yaseshashalazini, umshayeli wendiza wenza izinqumo zamaqhinga futhi akhiphe imiyalo yokulwa, yona ecutshungulwa yiyunithi ye-ICS.
2) "Isistimu yokulawula i-Executive-control" (ECS) - ukusebenzisana namayunithi okulawula ezikhali ezisebhodini, kuqinisekisa ukukhishwa kwemiyalo yokulwa, ekhishwa umshayeli ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sesistimu yomuntu. I-ICS iphinda irekhode umonakalo wangempela ovela ekusetshenzisweni komyalo ngamunye wokulwa (ngezinzwa zempendulo) - ngokuhlaziywa kwayo okwalandela ngohlelo lwezindiza.
3) "I-On-Board Immune System" (BIS) - iqapha izinsongo zangaphandle futhi, lapho zitholwa, zenza izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuqeda izinsongo. Kulokhu, i-BIS ingajabulela ukusekelwa kwamayunithi okulwa anobungani abamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni okuhlangene kwamaqhinga. [8] Ngale njongo, i-LSI isebenzisana eduze nezinhlelo ze-avionics - ngohlelo lokuxhumana.
4) "Isistimu ye-Avionics" - iguqula ukusakazwa kwedatha okungahluziwe okuvela kuzinzwa ezihlukahlukene kuya ekuqwashiseni isimo sekhwalithi ephezulu, okufinyeleleka kumshayeli ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sesistimu yomuntu.
I-5) "Isistimu yokuxhumana" - ilawula ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engaphakathi nangaphandle, njll. isebenza njengesixhumanisi phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlelo ezisebhodini; kanye naphakathi kwawo wonke amayunithi okulwa abambe iqhaza ekusebenzeni okuhlangene kwamaqhinga.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo sohlelo lomuntu
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokuqwashisa ngezimo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nokuphelele, ukuxhumana kanye nokubona ngeso lengqondo ku-cockpit ye-fighter kubalulekile. Ubuso be-ALIS ngokujwayelekile kanye neyunithi yosekelo lokulwa ikakhulukazi “isistimu engaphansi yokuboniswa kwe-panoramic” (I-L-3 Communications Display Systems). Ihlanganisa isikrini esikhulu sokuthinta esichaza phezulu (i-LADD) kanye nesiteshi sokuxhumana se-broadband. Isofthiwe ye-L-3 isebenzisa i-Integrity OS 178B (uhlelo lokusebenza lwesikhathi sangempela oluvela ku-Green Hills Software), okuwuhlelo oluyinhloko lokusebenza lwe-avionics yendiza yokulwa ye-F-35.
Abaklami bengqalasizinda ye-Cyber ye-F-35 bakhethe i-Integrity OS 178B ngokusekelwe ezicini eziyisithupha eziqondene nesistimu yokusebenza: 1) ukubambelela ekuvuleni amazinga ezakhiwo, 2) ukuhambisana ne-Linux, 3) ukuhambisana ne-POSIX API, 4) ukwabiwa kwenkumbulo okuvikelekile, 5) ukusekelwa kwe izidingo ezikhethekile zokuphepha kanye 6) nokusekelwa kokucaciswa kwe-ARINC 653. [12] I-"ARINC 653" iwuhlelo lwesofthiwe esibonakalayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-avionics. Lesi sixhumanisi silawula ukuhlukaniswa kwesikhashana nendawo kwezinsiza zesistimu yekhompiyutha yendiza ngokuhambisana nemigomo ye-modular avionics ehlanganisiwe; futhi ichaza isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuhlela isoftware yohlelo lokusebenza okufanele iyisebenzise ukufinyelela izinsiza zesistimu yekhompyutha.
Uhlelo olungaphansi lokuboniswa kokuboniswa kwephanoramakhi
I-Executive-control system
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, i-ICS, isebenzisana namayunithi okulawula ezikhali ezisebhodini, iqinisekisa ukwenziwa kwemiyalo yokulwa nokurekhodwa komonakalo wangempela kusukela ekusetshenzisweni komyalo wokulwa ngamunye. Inhliziyo ye-ICS iyi-supercomputer, ngokwemvelo futhi ehlukaniswa ngokuthi "isikhali esisebhodini."
Njengoba umthamo wemisebenzi eyabelwe ikhompuyutha enkulu esebhodini inkulu, ikhulise amandla futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo eziphakeme zokubekezelela amaphutha namandla ekhompyutha; Iphinde ifakwe uhlelo olusebenzayo lokupholisa uketshezi. Zonke lezi zinyathelo zithathwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uhlelo lwekhompiyutha olusebhodini luyakwazi ukucubungula inani elikhulu ledatha futhi lwenza ukucubungula okuthuthukisiwe kwe-algorithmic - okuhlinzeka umshayeli ngolwazi olusebenzayo lwesimo: ukumnika ulwazi olubanzi mayelana nethiyetha yokusebenza. [12]
I-supercomputer esebhodini ye-F-35 fighter jet iyakwazi ukuqhubeka yenze imisebenzi eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-40 ngomzuzwana, ngenxa yalokho iqinisekisa ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi eminingi yama-algorithms asebenzisa izinsiza ama-avionics athuthukile (okubandakanya ukucutshungulwa kwe-electro-optical, infrared and Idatha ye-radar). [9] Isikhathi sangempela. Ku-fighter ye-F-35, akunakwenzeka ukwenza zonke lezi zibalo ze-algorithmically ohlangothini (ukuze ungahlomisi iyunithi ngayinye yokulwa nge-supercomputer), ngoba ukuqina kokugeleza okuphelele kwedatha evela kuzo zonke izinzwa kuyadlula. ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezishesha kakhulu - okungenani izikhathi eziyi-1000. [12]
Ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuthuthukisiwe, zonke izinhlelo ezibalulekile ezingaphakathi kwe-F-35 (kuhlanganise, ngokwezinga elithile, i-onboard supercomputer) zisetshenziswa kusetshenziswa isimiso sokuphindaphinda umsebenzi, ukuze umsebenzi ofanayo ebhodini wenziwe ngamadivaysi amaningana ahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfuneko yokuphinda isetshenziswe iwukuthi izinto eziyimpinda zithuthukiswa abanye abakhiqizi futhi zibe nenye enye indlela yokwakha. Ngenxa yalokhu, amathuba okwehluleka kanyekanye kweyokuqala kanye nempinda ayancipha. [1, 2] Kungakho futhi ikhompyutha eyinkosi isebenzisa isistimu yokusebenza efana ne-Linux, kuyilapho amakhompiyutha ezinceku esebenzisa iWindows. [2] Futhi, ukuze uma enye yamakhompuyutha ihluleka, iyunithi yokusekela yokulwa ingaqhubeka nokusebenza (okungenani kumodi ephuthumayo), ukwakheka kwe-ALIS kernel yakhelwe phezu komgomo “we-multithreaded client-server for distributed computing.” [18]
Amasosha omzimba angaphakathi
Endaweni yamaqhinga okuqhudelana ngayo, ukulondoloza ukungavikeleki emoyeni kudinga inhlanganisela ephumelelayo yokuqina, ukuphindaphindeka, ukuhlukahluka, nokusebenza okusabalalisiwe. Izindiza zokulwa zayizolo bezingenawo amasosha omzimba ahlanganisiwe (BIS). Indiza yayo i-LSI yahlukaniswa futhi yayinezingxenye ezimbalwa ezisebenza ngokuzimela. Ngayinye yalezi zingxenye yathuthukiswa ukuze imelane nesethi ethile, emincane yezinhlelo zezikhali: 1) ama-ballistic projectiles, 2) imicibisholo eqondiswe kumaza omsakazo noma isignali ye-electro-optical, 3) i-laser irradiation, 4) i-radar irradiation, njll. Lapho kutholwa ukuhlasela, isistimu engaphansi ye-LSI ehambisanayo yenziwa yasebenza ngokuzenzakalela futhi yathatha izinyathelo zokuphikisa.
Izingxenye ze-LSI yayizolo zaklanywa futhi zathuthukiswa ngokuzimela - ngosonkontileka abahlukene. Njengoba lezi zingxenye, njengomthetho, zinezakhiwo ezivaliwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-LSI - njengoba kwavela ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinhlelo zezikhali ezintsha - kwehliswa ukuze kwengezwe enye ingxenye ye-LSI ezimele. Ububi obuyisisekelo be-LSI ehlukanisiwe enjalo - ehlanganisa izingxenye ezizimele ezinokwakheka okuvaliwe - ukuthi izingcezu zayo azikwazi ukusebenzisana futhi azikwazi ukuhlanganiswa phakathi nendawo. Ngamanye amazwi, abakwazi ukuxhumana nomunye nomunye futhi benze imisebenzi ehlanganyelwe, okunciphisa ukwethembeka nokuvumelana nezimo kwayo yonke i-LSI iyonke. Isibonelo, uma elinye lamasosha omzimba lihluleka noma libhujiswa, amanye amasistimu angaphansi awakwazi ukunxephezela ngempumelelo lokhu kulahlekelwa. Ukwengeza, ukuhlukana kwama-LSI ngokuvamile kuholela ekuphindaphindweni kwezingxenye zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengamaphrosesa nezibonisi, [8] okuthi, kumongo "wenkinga ehlala iluhlaza" yokunciphisa i-SWAP (usayizi, isisindo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla) [16] ], imosha kakhulu. Akumangazi ukuthi lawa ma-LSI asekuqaleni aya ngokuya ephelelwa yisikhathi.
I-LSI ehlukanisiwe ithathelwa indawo amasosha omzimba asatshalaliswe ebhodini, alawulwa "isilawuli sobuhlakani bokuqonda" (ICC). I-ICC wuhlelo olukhethekile, uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi, olusebenza phezu kwamasistimu amancane ahlanganisiwe afakwe ku-BIS. Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa zonke izinhlelo ezingaphansi ze-LSI zibe inethiwekhi eyodwa esabalalisiwe (enolwazi oluvamile nezinsiza ezivamile), futhi futhi luxhumanisa wonke ama-LSI nephrosesa emaphakathi nezinye izinhlelo ezisebhodini. [8] Isisekelo sale nhlanganisela (okuhlanganisa inhlanganisela nezingxenye ezizothuthukiswa esikhathini esizayo) umqondo owamukelwa kabanzi “wesistimu yezinhlelo” (SoS), [3] - enezici zayo ezihlukanisayo njengokukaleka, ukucaciswa komphakathi. futhi uvule isofthiwe yezakhiwo kanye nehadiwe.
I-ICC ikwazi ukufinyelela olwazini kuzo zonke izinhlaka ze-BIS; umsebenzi wayo ukuqhathanisa nokuhlaziya ulwazi olutholwe kumasistimu angaphansi we-LSI. I-ICC isebenza njalo ngemuva, ixhumana ngokuqhubekayo nazo zonke izinhlelo ezingaphansi ze-LSI - ihlonza usongo ngalunye olungase lube khona, ilwenze indawo, bese ekugcineni incoma kumshayeli isethi elungile yezinyathelo zokuphikisa (kucatshangelwa amakhono ayingqayizivele wesistimu ngayinye ye-LSI). Ngale njongo, i-ICC isebenzisa ama-algorithms engqondo athuthukile [17-25].
Lokho. Indiza ngayinye ine-ICC yayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu nakakhulu (futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwethembeka okukhulu), i-ICC yazo zonke izindiza ezibamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni kwamaqhinga zihlanganiswa zibe inethiwekhi eyodwa evamile, ukuze kuhlanganiswe "isistimu yolwazi lwe-autonomous logistics" (ALIS). ) unesibopho. [4] Uma enye yama-ICC ihlonza usongo, i-ALIS ibala izindlela zokuphikisa eziphumelela kakhulu - isebenzisa ulwazi oluvela kuwo wonke ama-ICC nokusekelwa kwawo wonke amayunithi okulwa abamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni kwamasu. U-ALIS “uyazazi” izici ngazinye ze-ICC ngayinye, futhi uzisebenzisela ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuphikisa ezihlanganisiwe.
I-LSI esabalalisiwe iphathelene nezangaphandle (ezihlobene nemisebenzi yokulwa nesitha) kanye nezinsongo zangaphakathi (ezihlobene nesitayela sokuhlola kanye nama-nuances okusebenza). Esikebheni se-F-35 fighter, isistimu ye-avionics inesibopho sokucubungula izinsongo zangaphandle, futhi i-VRAMS (uhlelo lolwazi lwengozi oluhlakaniphile oluhlotshaniswa nokuqondisa okuyingozi kwemishini) inesibopho sokucubungula izinsongo zangaphakathi. [13] Injongo eyinhloko ye-VRAMS iwukwelula izikhathi zokusebenza zendiza phakathi kwamaseshini okulungisa adingekayo. Ukwenza lokhu, i-VRAMS iqoqa ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela mayelana nokusebenza kwezinhlelo ezingaphansi eziyisisekelo (injini yendiza, amadrayivu asizayo, izingxenye zemishini, amasistimu angaphansi kagesi) futhi ihlaziye isimo sazo sobuchwepheshe; kucatshangelwa amapharamitha afana nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme, ukwehla kwengcindezi, amandla okudlidliza kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zokuphazanyiswa. Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, i-VRAMS inikeza umshayeli izincomo kusengaphambili mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe ukuze kugcinwe indiza iphephile futhi izwakala. I-VRAMS “ibikezela” ukuthi izenzo ezithile zomshayeli wendiza zingaholela emiphi imiphumela, futhi iphinde inikeze izincomo zokuthi zingagwenywa kanjani. [13]
Ibhentshimakhi i-VRAMS ephokophelelayo ukunganakeki kahle kuyilapho igcina ukwethembeka nokunciphisa ukukhathala kwesakhiwo. Ukuze kuzuzwe lo mgomo, amalabhorethri ocwaningo asebenzela ukwakha izinto ezinezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile ezizokwazi ukusebenza ngempumelelo ezimweni zokunakekelwa kwe-zero. Abacwaningi kula ma-laboratories benza izindlela zokubona ama-microcracks nezinye izinto ezandulela ukwehluleka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwehluleka okungenzeka kusenesikhathi. Ucwaningo luyenziwa futhi ukuze kuqondwe kangcono ukwenzeka kokukhathala kwesakhiwo ukuze kusetshenziswe le datha ukulawula ukuqondisa kwezindiza ukuze kwehliswe ukukhathala kwesakhiwo - njll. andise impilo ewusizo yendiza. [13] Mayelana nalokhu, kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-50 ama-athikili kujenali ethi “Advanced in Engineering Software” azinikele ekuhlaziyeni amandla nokuba sengozini kukakhonkolo oqinisiwe nezinye izakhiwo.
Uhlelo oluhlakaniphile lokwazisa ngezingozi ezihlobene nokuqondisa okuyingozi kumishini
Uhlelo lwe-avionics oluthuthukisiwe
Iyunithi yokusekela yempi yasemoyeni ye-F-35 ihlanganisa isistimu ye-avionics ethuthukisiwe eklanyelwe ukuxazulula umsebenzi wokuvelela:
Izinhlelo zayizolo ze-avionics zazihlanganisa amasistimu angaphansi ambalwa azimele (ukulawula izinzwa ze-infrared ne-ultraviolet, i-radar, i-sonar, impi ye-electronic nezinye), ngayinye eyayifakwe isibonisi sayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umshayeli bekufanele abheke isibonisi ngasinye ngokushintshana futhi ahlaziye mathupha futhi aqhathanise idatha evela kuzo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlelo lwanamuhla lwe-avionics, ikakhulukazi olufakwe i-F-35 fighter, lumelela yonke idatha, ehlakazekile ngaphambili, njengesisetshenziswa esisodwa; kusibonisi esisodwa esivamile. Lokho. uhlelo lwesimanje lwe-avionics luyinkimbinkimbi edidiyelwe yokuhlanganiswa kwedatha yenethiwekhi ehlinzeka umshayeli ngolwazi olusebenza kahle kakhulu lwesimo; ukumsindisa esidingweni sokwenza izibalo zokuhlaziya eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa yokukhishwa kwesici somuntu ku-loop yokuhlaziya, umshayeli wendiza manje akakwazi ukuphazanyiswa kumishini yokulwa eyinhloko.
Omunye wemizamo yokuqala ebalulekile yokususa isici somuntu ku-avionics analytical loop yasetshenziswa engqalasizinda ye-cyber ye-F-22 fighter. Ebhodini le fighter, uhlelo olujulile lwe-algorithmically lunesibopho sokunamathiselwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu yedatha evela ezinzwa ezihlukahlukene, usayizi ophelele wamakhodi omthombo okuyimigqa eyizigidi ezingu-1,7. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-90% yekhodi ibhalwe ku-Ada. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lwesimanje lwama-avionics - olulawulwa uhlelo lwe-ALIS - i-F-35 efakwe ngalo luthuthuke kakhulu uma luqhathaniswa ne-F-22 fighter.
I-ALIS yayisekelwe kwisofthiwe ye-F-22 fighter. Kodwa-ke, akuzona imigqa yekhodi eyizigidi ezingu-1,7 manje enesibopho sokuhlanganisa idatha, kodwa izigidi ezingu-8,6. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iningi lekhodi libhalwa ku-C/C++. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wayo yonke le khodi ejulile ye-algorithmically ukuhlola ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi oluzofaneleka kumshayeli wendiza. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokugxila kuphela kudatha ebalulekile ethiyetha yokusebenza, umshayeli wendiza manje useyakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezisheshayo nezisebenza ngempumelelo. Lokho. Uhlelo lwesimanje lwe-avionics, i-F-35 fighter ehlome ngalo ikakhulukazi, lususa umthwalo wokuhlaziya kumshayeli, futhi ekugcineni lumvumela ukuthi avele andize. [12]
Ama-avionics wesitayela esidala
Ibha eseceleni: Amathuluzi okuthuthukisa asetshenziswa ebhodini le-F-35
Ezinye izinto [ezincane] zesoftware ye-F-35 onboard cyberinfrastructure zibhalwe ngezilimi eziyinsalela njenge-Ada, CMS-2Y, FORTRAN. Amabhulokhi wohlelo abhalwe nge-Ada avamise ukubolekwa ku-F-22 fighter. [12] Nokho, ikhodi ebhalwe ngalezi zilimi ze-relic iyingxenye encane ye-software ye-F-35. Ulimi olukhulu lokuhlela lwe-F-35 yi-C/C++. Imininingo egciniwe yobudlelwano negxile entweni nayo isetshenziswa ku-F-35. [14] Imininingo egciniwe isetshenziswa ebhodini ukuphatha kahle idatha enkulu. Ukuze lo msebenzi wenzeke ngesikhathi sangempela, isizindalwazi sisetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nesisheshisi sokuhlaziya igrafu yehadiwe. [15]
Ibha eseceleni: Ingemuva ku-F-35
Zonke izakhi ezakha amathuluzi ezempi aseMelika anamuhla 1) noma zenziwe ngokwezifiso, 2) noma zenziwe ngezifiso emikhiqizweni etholakalayo yezentengiselwano, 3) noma zimelela isixazululo sokuhweba esinebhokisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzo zontathu lezi zimo, abakhiqizi, okungaba izingxenye zomuntu ngamunye noma zesistimu iyonke, banozalo olungabazisayo, oluvame ukuvela ngaphandle kwezwe. Ngenxa yalokho, kunengozi yokuthi ngesikhathi esithile ochungechungeni lokunikezela (okuvame ukwenaba emhlabeni wonke) i-backdoor noma uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha (kungaba ezingeni lesofthiwe noma ihadiwe) izokwakhiwa ibe isofthiwe noma ingxenye yehadiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Umbutho Wezempi Wasemoyeni wase-US waziwa ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi zomgunyathi ezingaphezu kwesigidi, okwandisa amathuba ekhodi enonya nezicabha ezingemuva. Ingasaphathwa eyokuthi umgunyathi uvamise ukuba yikhophi esezingeni eliphansi futhi engazinzile yoqobo, nakho konke okushiwoyo. [1]
I-ALIS kernel architecture
Sifingqa incazelo yawo wonke amasistimu angaphakathi kwebhodi, singasho ukuthi izidingo eziyinhloko zazo zehlela kule mibono elandelayo: ukuhlanganiswa nokulinganisa; imininingwane yomphakathi kanye nezakhiwo ezivulekile; ergonomics kanye conciseness; ukuzinza, ukuphindaphindeka, ukuhlukahluka, ukwanda kokuqina namandla; ukusebenza okusabalalisiwe. I-ALIS core architecture iyimpendulo ebanzi kulezi zidingo ezincintisanayo ezibanzi nezinezifiso ze-F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.
Nokho, lesi sakhiwo, njengazo zonke izinto ezihlakaniphile, silula. Umqondo wemishini yombuso elinganiselwe wathathwa njengesisekelo sawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo mqondo ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-ALIS kutholwa eqinisweni lokuthi zonke izingxenye zesoftware esebhodini ye-F-35 fighter inesakhiwo esihlangene. Ihlanganiswe nesakhiwo seseva yeklayenti enemicu eminingi yokwenza ikhompuyutha esabalalisiwe, i-ALIS automata kernel ihlangabezana nazo zonke izimfuneko ezingqubuzanayo ezichazwe ngenhla. Ingxenye ngayinye yesofthiwe ye-ALIS iqukethe i-interface ".h-file" kanye nokucushwa kwe-algorithmic ".cpp-file". Isakhiwo sazo esijwayelekile sinikezwe kumafayela omthombo anamathiselwe esihlokweni (bona iziphangi ezintathu ezilandelayo).
automata1.cpp
#include "battle.h"
CBattle::~CBattle()
{
}
BOOL CBattle::Battle()
{
BATTLE_STATE state;
switch (m_state)
{
case AU_BATTLE_STATE_1:
if (!State1Handler(...))
return FALSE;
m_state = AU_STATE_X;
break;
case AU_BATTLE_STATE_2:
if (!State2Handler(...))
return FALSE;
m_state = AU_STATE_X;
break;
case AU_BATTLE_STATE_N:
if (!StateNHandler(...))
return FALSE;
m_state = AU_STATE_X;
break;
}
return TRUE;
}okuzenzakalelayo1.h
#ifndef AUTOMATA1_H
#define AUTOMATA1_H
typedef enum AUTOMATA1_STATE { AU1_STATE_1, AU1_STATE_2, ... AU1_STATE_N };
class CAutomata1
{
public:
CAutomata1();
~CAutomata1();
BOOL Automata1();
private:
BOOL State1Habdler(...);
BOOL State2Handler(...);
...
BOOL StateNHandler(...);
AUTOMATA1 m_state;
};
#endifmain.cpp
#include "automata1.h"
void main()
{
CAutomata1 *pAutomata1;
pAutomata1 = new CAutomata1();
while (pAutomata->Automata1()) {}
delete pAutomata1;
}Kafushane, endaweni yamaqhinga ephikiswayo, amayunithi e-Air Force ingqalasizinda yawo ye-inthanethi ehlanganisa ngempumelelo ukuqina, ukuphindaphindeka, ukuhlukahluka, kanye nokusebenza okusabalalisiwe kuthokozela ukuphakama kokulwa. I-IKK ne-ALIS yezindiza zesimanje ziyahlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokudidiyelwa kwazo esikhathini esizayo nalo lizonwetshwa ekusebenzelaneni namanye amayunithi ezempi, kanti manje ukuhlanganiswa okuphumelelayo koMbutho Wasemoyeni kuhlanganisa iyunithi yawo kuphela.
I-Bibliography
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PS. Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe ekuqaleni .
Source: www.habr.com