Emasontweni ambalwa edlule ngithumele Ukubuyekezwa kwePinebook Pro. Njengoba i-Raspberry Pi 4 nayo isuselwa ku-ARM, okunye ukwenziwa ngcono okukhulunywe ngakho esihlokweni esedlule kuyilungele. Ngingathanda ukwabelana ngalawa maqhinga futhi ngibone ukuthi uyahlangabezana yini nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okufanayo.

Ngemuva kokufaka i-Raspberry Pi kweyakho igumbi leseva yasekhaya Ngabona ukuthi ezikhathini zokushoda kwe-RAM ayisabeli kakhulu futhi yaqina. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, ngengeze i-ZRAM futhi ngenza izinguquko ezimbalwa kumapharamitha we-kernel.

Ivula i-ZRAM ku-Raspberry Pi

ZRAM idala i-block block ku-RAM ebizwa ngokuthi /dev/zram0 (noma 1, 2, 3, njll.). Amakhasi abhalwe lapho acindezelwe futhi agcinwe kumemori. Lokhu kuvumela i-I/O eshesha kakhulu futhi kukhulula inkumbulo ngokucindezela.

I-Raspberry Pi 4 iza ne-1, 2, 4, noma i-8 GB ye-RAM. Ngizosebenzisa imodeli engu-1GB, ngakho ngicela ulungise imiyalelo ngokusekelwe kumodeli yakho. Ngo-1 GB ZRAM, ifayela lokushintshwa elizenzakalelayo (lihamba kancane!) lizosetshenziswa kancane. Ngisebenzise lesi script zram-swap ukufakwa nokucushwa okuzenzakalelayo.

Imiyalo inikezwa endaweni yokugcina exhunywe ngenhla. Ukufakwa:

git clone https://github.com/foundObjects/zram-swap.git
cd zram-swap && sudo ./install.sh

Uma ufuna ukuhlela i-config:

vi /etc/default/zram-swap

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungavula i-ZRAM ngokufaka zram-tools. Uma usebenzisa le ndlela, qiniseka ukuthi uhlela ukuhlela kufayela /etc/default/zramswap, futhi ufake cishe i-1 GB ZRAM:

sudo apt install zram-tools

Ngemva kokufaka, ungabuka izibalo zesitoreji se-ZRAM ngomyalo olandelayo:

sudo cat /proc/swaps
Filename				Type		Size	Used	Priority
/var/swap                               file		102396	0	-2
/dev/zram0                              partition	1185368	265472	5
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

Ukwengeza amapharamitha e-kernel ukuze usebenzise kangcono i-ZRAM

Manje ake silungise ukuziphatha kwesistimu lapho i-Raspberry Pi ishintshela ekushintsheni ngesikhathi sokugcina, okuvame ukuholela ekuqandeni. Ake sengeze imigqa embalwa efayeleni /etc/sysctl.conf bese uqalisa kabusha.

Le migqa 1) izobambezela ukukhathala okungenakugwemeka kwenkumbulo, ukwandisa ingcindezi kunqolobane ye-kernel kanye no-2) baqala ukulungiselela ukukhathala kwenkumbulo kusenesikhathi, ukuqala ukushintshanisa kusengaphambili. Kepha kuzosebenza kahle kakhulu ukushintshanisa inkumbulo ecindezelwe nge-ZRAM!

Nansi imigqa ongayingeza ekugcineni kwefayela /etc/sysctl.conf:

vm.vfs_cache_pressure=500
vm.swappiness=100
vm.dirty_background_ratio=1
vm.dirty_ratio=50

Bese siqalisa kabusha uhlelo noma senze izinguquko zisebenze ngomyalo olandelayo:

sudo sysctl --system

vm.vfs_cache_pressure=500 kwandisa ukucindezela kwenqolobane, okwandisa ukuthambekela kwe-kernel yokuthola kabusha inkumbulo esetshenziselwa ukulondoloza inqolobane yemibhalo nezinto zenkomba. Uzosebenzisa inkumbulo encane isikhathi eside. Ukwehla okubukhali kokusebenza kunganakwa ngokushintshaniswa kwangaphambilini.

vm. injabulo = 100 inyusa ipharamitha ukuthi i-kernel izoshintsha kanjani amakhasi ememori ngobudlova, njengoba sisebenzisa i-ZRAM kuqala.

vm.dirty_background_ratio=1 & vm.dirty_ratio=50 - izinqubo zasemuva zizoqala ukurekhoda ngokushesha lapho zifinyelela umkhawulo ongu-1%, kodwa uhlelo ngeke luphoqe i-I/O evumelanisiwe kuze kube yilapho ifinyelela ku-dirty_ratio engu-50%.

Le migqa emine (uma isetshenziswa ne-ZRAM) izosiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza uma unayo nakanjani I-RAM iyaphela futhi inguquko yokushintshashintsha iyaqala, njengeyami. Ukwazi leli qiniso, futhi ucabangela ukucindezelwa kwememori ku-ZRAM izikhathi ezintathu, kungcono ukuqala lokhu kushintshana kusengaphambili.

Ukufaka ingcindezi kunqolobane kuyasiza ngoba empeleni sitshela i-kernel, "Hey, bheka, anginayo inkumbulo eyengeziwe engingayisebenzisela inqolobane, ngakho-ke ngicela uyisuse NGOKUSHESHA futhi ugcine kuphela okusetshenziswa kakhulu/okubalulekile. idatha."

Noma ngabe i-caching encishisiwe, uma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iningi lenkumbulo efakiwe lisetshenziswa, i-kernel izoqala ukushintshana ngosomathuba ngaphambili kakhulu, ukuze i-CPU (ukucindezela) nokushintshanisa i-I/O ingalindi kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina futhi isebenzise zonke izinsiza ngesikhathi esisodwa lapho. sekwephuze kakhulu. I-ZRAM isebenzisa i-CPU encane ukuze icindezele, kodwa kumasistimu amaningi anenani elincane lenkumbulo inomthelela omncane kakhulu wokusebenza kunokushintshana ngaphandle kwe-ZRAM.

Ekuphethweni

Ake sibheke umphumela futhi:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 926Mi 471Mi 68Mi 168Mi 385Mi 232Mi
Swap: 1.2Gi 258Mi 999Mi

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo cat /proc/swaps 
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/var/swap file 102396 0 -2
/dev/zram0 partition 1185368 264448 5

264448 ku-ZRAM cishe igigabhayithi eyodwa yedatha engacindezelwanga. Yonke into iye ku-ZRAM futhi akukho okuya efayeleni lekhasi elihamba kancane. Zama lezi zilungiselelo ngokwakho, zisebenza kuwo wonke amamodeli we-Raspberry Pi. Isistimu yami engasebenziseki, eqandayo isiphenduke esebenza futhi ezinzile.

Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ngithemba ukuqhubeka nokubuyekeza lesi sihloko ngemiphumela ethile yokuhlola uhlelo ngaphambi nangemuva kokufaka i-ZRAM. Manje anginaso nje isikhathi salokhu. Okwamanje, zizwe ukhululekile ukwenza izivivinyo zakho futhi ungazise kumazwana. I-Raspberry Pi 4 iyisilo esinalezi zilungiselelo. Jabulela!

Isihloko:

• Ukusebenza kwe-Linux: Kungani Cishe Udinga Njalo Ukwandisa Ukushintsha Isikhala (2017)
• Ukusebenza kwe-Linux: Cishe njalo wandise indawo yokushintshana. Ingxenye 2: ZRAM (2020)

Source: www.habr.com