🥇Ukunweba ukusebenza kwe-WDS: ukwengeza amandla okuqalisa ku-UEFI

Sawubona wonke umuntu!

Lesi sihloko sichaza izinyathelo okudingeka uzilandele ukuze ungeze ikhono lokuqalisa le-UEFI ku-WDS yakho.

Labo. Imiyalo ekulesi sihloko ithatha ngokuthi usuvele unokucushwa okulandelayo:

1. Windows Server 2012R2 (или новее)
2. Полностью настроенный DHCP для работы с WDS
3. Собственно сам WDS
4. IIS
5. Виртуальная машина или ПК с Ubuntu

Futhi, nazi izenzo ezichazweyo ezingangilethelanga umphumela ofanele.
Ngizichaze ukuze zenze usesho futhi zonge isikhathi sakho.

Isibikezelo

Ngenza i-WDS emsebenzini ngezinto eziningi ezimnandi, tk. ukhathele ukugijima njalo nenqwaba yama-flash drive futhi uwabhale phezu kwawo.

Lezi zihloko zangisiza ngale ndlela:
Ukwengeza i-WDS Versatility
Imenyu yokuqalisa ye-PXE ne-System Center Configuration Manager

Kubukeka kanje

Futhi konke kwakuhamba kahle, izithombe ezintsha zengezwa ukuze zilayishwe, isithombe se-winPE sasigcwele izici ezintsha futhi konke kwasebenza.

Kodwa, kude nawo wonke amadivayisi asekela imodi ye-BIOS / Legacy boot, noma uma benza, khona-ke ukufakwa kwayo kungase kube endaweni engabonakali kakhulu.

Yebo, futhi ukufaka amafasitela kumodi yefa, uma kungenzeka ukufaka ku-UEFI, akupholile.

Ngenxa yalokho, nginqume ukwengeza amandla okuqalisa ku-UEFI, ngase ngiya ku-Google.

Kepha angitholanga imininingwane ehlelekile yokuthi ungayithola kanjani i-WDS + UEFI esebenzayo.
Empeleni, yingakho nginqume ukubhala lesi sihloko.

Ngaphambi kokuthi ngiqale, ngizochaza inkinga ethathe isikhathi esiningi.

Lapho ungeza i-UEFI ku-WDS, okulandelayo, isimo esingabonakali singenzeka:

Uma wengeza ifayela lokuqalisa ku-WDS nalapho uzama ukuqalisa kudivayisi
ku-UEFI ubona umbhalo olandelayo:
The selected boot device failed. Press <Enter> to Continue.
Noma Boot Device Not Found
Kodwa ukulayisha ku-legacy kuyakusebenzela.
Khona-ke enye yezinketho ezingenzeka ukungabikho kwefayela wdsmgfw.efi,
ngale ndlela elandelayo: %WDSpath%Bootx64wdsmgfw.efi

Ungayithatha lapha: C:WindowsSystem32RemInstbootx64wdsmgfw.efi
Noma, uma ngesizathu esithile leli fayela lishoda kuwe, ngithumele kulo google.
Ngalesi sixazululo, ngiyabonga guys kusuka reddit.

Ngale nkinga, ngabulala isikhathi esiningi, ngoba. Ngicabange ukuthi inkinga isendaweni ethile ekucushweni kwe-WDS noma kwe-DHCP.

Izinqubomgomo ezilungiselelwe ngokwengeza Amakilasi Okuthengisa ezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene, nokusetha izinketho ze-DHCP 060, 066, 067. Imiyalo ukuze ulungiselele izinqubomgomo ze-DHCP.

Izakhiwo ku-ASCII zokumisa i-DHCP

I-PXEClient:Arch:00000 - BIOS/Legacy
I-PXEClient:I-Arch:00006 - UEFI x86
I-PXEClient:I-Arch:00007 - UEFI x64

Futhi, ngazama izinketho ezihlukahlukene zamafayela e-boot. .efi

syslinux
gqubu 2

Ngiphinde ngazama ukuthola inkinga Kulogi Yomcimbi.
win + r -> eventvwr -> Журналы приложений и служб -> Microsoft -> Windows -> Deployment-Services-Diagnostics

Kodwa, njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, inkinga ilele efayeleni wdsmgfw.efi.
Kuphakathi kokuthi ngiyisuse ngephutha mina, noma ayizange ikopishwe phakathi nokuyifaka
kanye nokumisa i-WDS.

Awu, ake siqale!

Imiyalo

Isigaba 1 - Qinisekisa ukuthi i-WDS iyasebenza

Thatha noma iyiphi idivayisi noma umshini we-virtual onokusekela ukuqala ngemodi ye-UEFI kunethiwekhi bese uzama ukuqalisa.

Kufanele ube nesithombe esilandelayo:

Uma kunjalo, kuhle, ungaqhubeka.
Uma kungenjalo, bheka engikubhalile esanduleleni.

Isiteji sesi-2 - Ukwakha ifayela le-iPXE Boot

Sethula Ubuntu obulungiselelwe ngaphambilini, sivule itheminali bese sinamathisela lo mugqa:

git clone https://git.ipxe.org/ipxe.git ipxe

Lapha ngithanda ukwenza ukuphawula okuncane okungase kudingeke wengeze amaphakheji ku-Ubuntu adingekayo ekuhlanganiseni u-C no-C ++.
Ngimane ngizifakile.

Ilandiwe? - Kuhle!
Manje udinga ukwenza ifayela lokucushwa lomhlangano.
Kutheminali, sibhala:

cd ipxe/src
gedit chain.ipxe

Bese unamathisele ikhodi elandelayo kuleli fayela, bese ulondoloza:

#!ipxe

dhcp
chain http://%IP-address-your-IIS-server%/install.ipxe

Sibuyela emuva kutheminali bese siqala ukuhlanganisa:

make bin-x86_64-efi/ipxe.efi EMBED=chain.ipxe

Uma konke kuhlelekile, kufanele uthole okulandelayo ku-terminal:

Futhi ifayela ipxe.efi, endleleni: ipxe/src/bin-x86_64-efi/ipxe.efi
Uma ngesizathu esithile ungakwazi ukuzihlanganisa ngokwakho,
Nginamathisele okwami ifayela.
Ihlanganiswe ukuze iqale kusuka http://192.168.0.100/install.ipxe

Konke lokho ku-Ubuntu.

Isinyathelo sesi-3 - Ukwengeza ipxe.efi ku-WDS

Sithatha ifayela esilitholile esigabeni sesibili bese silikopisha endleleni:
%WDSpath%Bootx64%your-boot-folder%EFIBOOT
Ngemuva kokuthi siyiqambe kabusha ku-BOOTX64.EFI.
Akudingekile, kulula kakhulu.

Bese siqalisa cmd egameni lomlawuli, bese ubhala imiyalo elandelayo:

wdsutil /set-server /bootprogram:Bootx64%your-boot-folder%EFIBOOTBOOTX
64.EFI /architecture:x64uefi
и
wdsutil /set-server /N12bootprogram:Bootx64%your-boot-folder%EFIBOOTBOOTX
64.EFI /architecture:x64uefi

Lokhu kuzosetha ifayela eliwumphumela ukuthi lilandwe nge-WDS.

Ake sihlole ukucushwa:

wdsutil /get-server /Show:Config

Ngiphinde ngakopisha ifayela le-ipxe.efi, ngaliqamba kabusha ngokuthi BOOTIA32.EFI futhi ngalilungisela ibhuthi yalo, uma kwenzeka. architecture:x86uefi
Kodwa ngokuvamile lokhu akunangqondo, ngoba. Ifayela le-Bootmgfw.efi alisekeli i-x86

Ake sihlole ukuthi kwenzekeni.

Kuhle, i-WDS ithumela ifayela lethu ukuze lilandwe futhi yona, ibheka ukucushwa endleleni: http://192.168.0.100/install.ipxe

Isinyathelo sesi-4 - Ukucushwa Kwemenyu

Iya kufolda yempande yesayithi lakho.
Okuzenzakalelayo yilokhu: C:inetpubwwwroot

Dala ifayela lombhalo install.ipxe.

futhi uyilungiselele ngokuvumelana ne imibhalo kanye nezidingo zakho.
Kukhona nolimi lwesiRashiya incazelo imiyalo.
Ngajabulela lokhu imiyalo lapho ulungiselela i-WDS yakho.

install.ipxe isibonelo sokumisa

#!ipxe

:start
menu Please choose an operating system to start/install
item --gap Start Win PE
item WinPE-x64 WinPE x64
item --gap ipxe shell
item shell       Drop to iPXE shell

choose target && goto ${target}

:failed
echo Booting failed, dropping to shell
goto shell

:shell
echo Type 'exit' to get the back to the menu
shell
set menu-timeout 0
set submenu-timeout 0
goto start

:WinPE-x64
kernel http://192.168.0.100/wimboot
initrd http://192.168.0.100/peSE/Boot/bcd
initrd http://192.168.0.100/peSE/Boot/boot.sdi
initrd http://192.168.0.100/peSE/Boot/peSE64.wim
boot || goto failed

Ungafunda mayelana nokucushwa kokulayisha i-winPE lapha.

Isigaba 5 - Izinhlobo ze-MIME

Ngemuva kokudala imenyu nokwengeza wonke amafayela adingekayo kufolda yempande ye-IIS,
udinga ukubanikeza ukufinyelela.

Ngoba noma uzama ukulanda ifayela esipheqululini, uzothola iphutha ekhelini lalo: HTTP 404.3 - Not Found.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwengeza izinhlobo ze-MIME kuphaneli yokulawula ye-IIS, ngokuvumelana
ngezandiso zefayela ozolanda nge-http.

Angizange ngibheke ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-MIME olulungele le njongo, futhi ngabuza application/octet-stream, ngemva kwalokho konke kwasebenza.

Kumafayela angenaso isandiso, sebenzisa ichashazi.

Kanje:

isiphetho

Ekugcineni, sithola amandla okuqalisa kunethiwekhi yendawo nge-UEFI.

Uma senze konke ngendlela efanele, kuzoba khona into efana nale menyu yokukhetha ukuqalisa:

Uma ulungiselele amathuluzi ayisisekelo futhi ngeke uzihluphe ngokucushwa, kuzothatha cishe imizuzu eyi-10-20 ukusebenzisa lesi sici.
Kungithathe 2 izinsuku zokusebenza, ngoba. Kwadingeka ngi-google kakhulu.

Ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo!

Ngiyabonga ngokunaka kwenu futhi ngibonga kakhulu kulabo bantu izihloko zabo ezingisizile!
Ku-Habre uthi: Ingtar и I-Deeptown.

Source: www.habr.com

Ukwandisa Ukusebenza kwe-WDS: Ukwengeza I-UEFI Boot Amandla