I-screwdriver yadlula indlebe yami. Ngomsindo okhalayo omkhulu, wabanda emzimbeni we-cryostat. Ngazithuka, nganquma ukuphumula. Ama-bolts akhulula insimu yamagnetic ye-1.5 Tesla usebenzisa ithuluzi lensimbi akuwona umqondo omuhle. Insimu, njengesitha esingabonakali, ihlale izama ukuhlwitha ithuluzi ezandleni, iqondise emigqeni yayo yamandla futhi iqondise eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kuma-electron agijima kumbuthano ovaliwe ovela ku-superconductor. Kodwa-ke, uma udinga ngempela ukunqoba ama-acidified compounds kusukela eminyakeni eminingi edlule, akukho ukukhetha okuningi. Ngahlala phansi ekhompyutheni futhi ngijwayele ukupheqa izindaba. "Ososayensi baseRussia baye bathuthukisa i-MRI ngezikhathi ze-2!" - funda isihloko esisolisayo.
Cishe ngonyaka odlule, thina futhi waqonda ingqikithi yomsebenzi wakhe. Ngincoma kakhulu ukuthi uvuselele inkumbulo yakho yaleyo nto ngaphambi kokufunda lesi sihloko.
Ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezomlando, eRussia namuhla ukukhiqizwa kwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nezithwebuli ze-imaging magnetic resonance high-field. Nokho, uma uhlala edolobheni elikhudlwana, ungathola kalula imitholampilo enikeza lolu hlobo lwenkonzo. Ngasikhathi sinye, imikhumbi ye-MRI scanners ivame ukumelwa yimishini esetshenzisiwe, lapho ingeniswe evela e-USA naseYurophu, futhi uma kungazelelwe kufanele uvakashele umtholampilo nge-MRI, ungakhohliswa ukubukeka okuhle kwedivayisi - kungase kube seshumini lesibili leminyaka. Ngenxa yalokho, imishini enjalo ngezinye izikhathi iyaphuka, futhi isikhathi eside ngangingomunye walabo bantu ababebuyisela ama-tomographs aphukile enkonzweni, ukuze iziguli ziqhubeke nokuxilongwa, futhi abanikazi benze inzuzo.
Kwaze kwaba ngolunye usuku oluhle, phakathi nekhefu phakathi kokuzijabulisa okuyingozi okunamandla kazibuthe amakhulu, ngathola umbhalo othakazelisayo esiphakelini sezindaba: “Ososayensi baseRussia kanye nozakwethu abangamaDashi. usebenzisa i-metamatadium." Ngokungangabazeki, iqiniso lokuthi iRussia yenza ucwaningo ngemishini, ukukhiqizwa kwayo okungakaze kube kahle, kwabonakala kimi kakhulu, impikiswano kakhulu. Nganquma ukuthi lokhu kwakungolunye umjikelezo wezibonelelo, ezihlanjululwe ngamagama esayensi angaqondakali njengokuthi "i-nanotechnology" wonke umuntu ayesevele ekhathele ngayo. Ukufuna ukwaziswa ngomsebenzi wososayensi basekhaya abane-MRI kanye ne-metamatadium kwangiholela esihlokweni esiqukethe incazelo yokuhlola okulula engingayiphinda kalula, njengoba umshini we-MRI useduze.
Isithombe esivela ku , ezinikezelwe ekuthuthukiseni isignali ye-MRI usebenzisa okuthiwa "i-metamaterial". Emtholampilo ojwayelekile ongu-1.5 - Imishini eshisayo, esikhundleni sesiguli, i-metamaterial ilayishwa, ngesimo sesitsha samanzi, ngaphakathi kwayo izintambo ezihambisanayo zobude obuthile zitholakala. Ezintanjeni kukhona into yokufunda - inhlanzi (engaphili). Izithombe ezingakwesokudla ziyizithombe ze-MRI zezinhlanzi, ezinemephu yombala ebekwe phezulu ekhombisa ukushuba kwesiginali ye-hydrogen nuclei. Kungabonakala ukuthi lapho izinhlanzi zilele ezintanjeni, isignali ingcono kakhulu kunokuba ngaphandle kwazo. Isikhathi sokuskena siyefana kuzo zombili izimo, okufakazela ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokuskena kuyathuthukiswa. Lesi sihloko sasihlanganisa ngokucophelela
ifomula
ukubala ubude bezintambo kuye ngokuthi imvamisa yokusebenza ye-tomograph, engiyisebenzisile. Ngenza i-metamaterial yami nge-cuvette kanye nezintambo eziningi zethusi, ezihlonyiswe ngezibophelelo zepulasitiki eziphrintiwe ze-3D:
I-metaterial yami yokuqala. Ngokushesha ngemva kokukhiqizwa kwafakwa ku-tomograph ye-1 Tesla. Iwolintshi lisebenze njengento okumele iskenwe.
Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokuthuthukiswa kwesignali ethenjisiwe, ngithole inqwaba yezinto zobuciko ezonakalise ngokuphelele isithombe! Intukuthelo yami yayingenamingcele! Ngemva kokuqeda isihloko, ngabhalela ababhali balesi sihloko incwadi, incazelo yayo ingancishiswa ibe umbuzo othi “Yini ...?”
Ababhali bangiphendule ngokushesha. Bahlabeke umxhwele kakhulu ukuthi othile wayezama ukuphinda ukuhlola kwabo. Ekuqaleni bazama isikhathi eside ukungichazela ukuthi i-metamatadium isebenza kanjani ngempela, besebenzisa amagama athi "Fabry-Perot resonances", "amamodi angaphakathi", kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkambu zefrikhwensi yomsakazo kuvolumu. Khona-ke, ngokusobala beqaphela ukuthi ngangingakuqondi nhlobo ababekhuluma ngakho, banquma ukungimema ukuba ngibavakashele ukuze ngibheke intuthuko yabo bukhoma futhi ngiqiniseke ukuthi isasebenza. Ngajikijela insimbi engiyithandayo ephaketheni lami ngaya e-St. Petersburg, e-National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (njengoba kwenzeka, akubona abahleli bezinhlelo kuphela abaqeqeshwe khona).
Ngamukelwa ngemfudumalo esizeni, futhi kungazelelwe, banginikeza umsebenzi, njengoba bahlatshwa umxhwele umsele wami onezintambo futhi badinga umuntu ozosungula amasha. Ngokuphindaphindiwe, bathembisa ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe konke okungithakaselayo futhi bathathe isifundo sokuqeqeshwa kwe-radiophysics ne-MRI, okwathi, ngenhlanhla, kwaqala ngalowo nyaka. Ukomela kwami ulwazi kwanqoba, kwase kuthi, unyaka wonke, ngafunda, ngenza amaphrojekthi futhi ngasebenza, kancane kancane ngafunda izinto eziningi ezintsha mayelana nomlando we-resonance kazibuthe, kanye nesimo sesayensi yesimanje kule ndawo, engizokwenza. share lapha.
Indlela yokuthuthukiswa okuhlongozwayo kwe-MRI, futhi yafundwa ezihlokweni zesayensi ezishiwo, isekelwe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-metamatadium". I-Metamatadium, njengezinye izinto eziningi ezitholakele, zivela ngenxa yezixazululo ezingalindelekile ezitholwe ngesisekelo socwaningo lwethiyori. Usosayensi waseSoviet, uViktor Veselago, ngo-1967, esebenza ngemodeli yethiyori, waphakamisa ukuba khona kwezinto ezinombhalo ophikisayo we-refractive. Njengoba usuqonda kakade, sikhuluma ngama-optics, futhi inani lale coefficient, cishe, lisho ukuthi ukukhanya okungakanani okuzoshintsha isiqondiso sakho lapho kudlula umngcele phakathi kwemidiya ehlukene, isibonelo umoya namanzi. Ungaziqinisekisa kalula ukuthi lokhu kuyenzeka ngempela:
Ukuhlolwa okulula kusetshenziswa i-laser pointer kanye ne-aquarium ukukhombisa ukuhluka kokukhanya.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo elingafundwa esivivinyweni esinjalo ukuthi i-beam ayikwazi ukuhlehliswa ngendlela efanayo ukusuka lapho iwele khona kusixhumi esibonakalayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umhloli uzama kangakanani. Lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa ngazo zonke izinto ezivele ngokwemvelo, kodwa ugongolo lwaphikiswa ngenkani ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Ngokwezibalo, lokhu kusho ukuthi inkomba ye-refractive, kanye nenani elihlanganisiwe, i-dielectric kanye ne-magnetic permeability, ilungile, futhi ayikaze ibonwe ngenye indlela. Okungenani kwaze kwaba yilapho u-V. Veselago enquma ukutadisha lolu daba futhi wabonisa ukuthi ngokwethiyori asikho isizathu esisodwa sokuthi kungani inkomba ye-refractive ingeke ibe yimbi.
Isithombe esivela ku-Wiki esibonisa umehluko phakathi kwemidiya yenkomba eqondile nengalungile. Njengoba sibona, ukukhanya kuziphatha ngendlela ephambene nemvelo ngokuphelele, uma kuqhathaniswa nolwazi lwethu lwansuku zonke.
V. Veselago wazama isikhathi eside ukuthola ubufakazi bokuba khona kwezinto ezinenkomba ye-refractive engalungile, kodwa ukusesha akuphumelelanga, futhi umsebenzi wakhe wawukhohliwe ngokungafanele. Kwakusekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elizayo lapho izakhiwo eziyinhlanganisela zidalwe ngokuzenzela ezaqaphela izakhiwo ezichaziwe, kodwa hhayi ku-optical, kodwa ebangeni eliphansi le-microwave frequency. Okwaba yinguquko, ngoba amathuba okuba khona kwezinto ezinjalo kwavula amathemba amasha. Isibonelo - indalo , ekwazi ukukhulisa izinto ezincane nakakhulu kunobude bokukhanya. Noma - ukumboza ngokuphelele kokungabonakali, iphupho labo bonke abasebenzi bezempi. Kwenziwa izichibiyelo ezinkulu kulo mbono ukuze kubhekwe idatha emisha. Isihluthulelo sempumelelo kwakuwukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo ezihlelekile zezakhi ezizwakalayo - ama-metaatom, ubukhulu bawo buncane kakhulu kunobude be-wavelength bemisebe abasebenzisana nayo. Isakhiwo esihlelekile sama-meta-athomu siyinhlanganisela yokwenziwa ebizwa ngokuthi i-metamaterial.
Ukuqaliswa okungokoqobo kwe-metamatadium ngisho nanamuhla kuyinkimbinkimbi yobuchwepheshe, njengoba usayizi wezinhlayiya ezinomsindo kufanele uqhathaniswe nokungaphansi kobude begagasi bemisebe kazibuthe. Kububanzi be-optical (lapho ubude begagasi bungama-nanometers), ubuchwepheshe obunjalo buhamba phambili ekuqhubekeleni phambili. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi abameleli bokuqala bomqondo we-metamatadium badalelwe amaza kagesi amade ukusuka ebangeni lomsakazo (elinobude obujwayeleke kakhudlwana ukusuka ku-mm ukuya ku-m). Isici esiyinhloko futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukungalungi kwanoma iyiphi i-metamaterial kuwumphumela wemvelo yokuzwakala kwezakhi zayo. I-Metamaterial ingabonisa izici zayo eziyisimangaliso kuphela kumaza athile.
Amafrikhwensi anomkhawulo.Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, ngokuzayo lapho ubona okuthile okufana ne-super-sound jammer esekelwe ku-metamatadium, buza ukuthi ingakanani imvamisa egcwala ngempela.
Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zama-metamatadium ezivumela ukusebenzisana namagagasi kagesi. Izakhiwo ze-conductor aziyona into engaphezu kwama-resonators amancane, ama-LC circuits akhiwe yisimo sendawo sabaqhubi.
Sekudlule isikhathi esincane kusukela kwavela umqondo we-metamatadium kanye nokuqaliswa kwawo kokuqala, futhi abantu bathole ukuthi bangazisebenzisa kanjani ku-MRI. Ububi obuyinhloko be-metamatadium ukuthi ububanzi obusebenzayo obuwumngcingo aluyona inkinga ye-MRI, lapho zonke izinqubo zenzeka cishe ku-nuclear magnetic resonance frequency efanayo, esebangeni lomsakazo. Lapha ungakha ama-meta-athomu ngezandla zakho futhi ubone ngokushesha ukuthi kwenzekani ezithombeni. Esinye sezici zokuqala abacwaningi abazisebenzisa ku-MRI besebenzisa ama-metamatadium kwakungama-superlense nama-endoscopes.
Ohlangothini lwesokunxele ngaphansi kohlamvu a) kuboniswa ama-superlens, ahlanganisa uchungechunge lwezinhlangothi ezintathu zamaresonator kumabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe. I-resonator ngayinye iyindandatho yensimbi evulekile ene-capacitor edayisiwe, eyenza isifunda se-LC esiqondiswe ku-MRI frequency. Ngezansi isibonelo sokubeka lesi sakhiwo se-metamaterial phakathi kwemilenze yesiguli esiqhutshwa inqubo ye-tomography futhi, ngokufanele, izithombe ezitholakalayo. Uma ungazange udelele ngaphambili iseluleko sokufunda isihloko sami sangaphambilini nge-MRI, khona-ke usuvele uyazi ukuthi ukuze uthole isithombe sanoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wesiguli, kubalulekile ukuqoqa izimpawu zenuzi ezibuthakathaka, ezibola ngokushesha usebenzisa indawo eseduze. i-antenna - ikhoyili.
I-metamaterial super lens ikuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule ububanzi besenzo sekhoyili evamile. Ngokwesibonelo, yibone ngeso lengqondo imilenze yomibili yesiguli ngesikhathi esisodwa esikhundleni sowodwa. Izindaba ezimbi ukuthi isikhundla sama-superlens kufanele sikhethwe ngendlela ethile ukuze kube nomphumela omuhle kakhulu, futhi ama-superlens ngokwawo abiza kakhulu ukuwakhiqiza. Uma namanje ungaqondi ukuthi kungani le lensi ibizwa ngokuthi i-super-prefix, bese ulinganisa ubukhulu bayo esithombeni, bese uqaphela ukuthi isebenza ngobude obungamamitha amahlanu!
Incwadi b) ikhombisa ukwakheka kwe-endoscope. Empeleni, i-endoscope ye-MRI iwuxhaxha lwezintambo ezihambisanayo ezisebenza njenge-waveguide. Ikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise ngokwendawo indawo lapho ikhoyili ithola khona isignali ku-nuclei kanye nekhoyili ngokwayo ngebanga elide - kuze kube yilapho i-antenna eyamukelayo ingatholakala ngaphandle ngokuphelele kwe-cryostat ye-tomograph, kude nozibuthe ongashintshi. inkambu. Izithombe ezingezansi zethebhu b) zibonisa izithombe ezitholiwe zomkhumbi okhethekile ogcwele uketshezi - i-phantom. Umehluko phakathi kwazo ukuthi izithombe ezibhalwe ukuthi “i-endoscope” zatholwa lapho ikhoyili isebangeni elihloniphekile ukusuka ku-phantom, lapho ngaphandle kwe-endoscope amasignali avela ku-nuclei ayengeke akwazi ukutholakala ngokuphelele.
Uma sikhuluma ngomunye wezindawo ezithembisayo kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwe-metamatadium ku-MRI, futhi esiseduze kakhulu nokuqaliswa kwayo okusebenzayo (engagcina ngihileleke kukho) ukwakhiwa kwamakhoyili angenantambo. Kuyafaneleka ukucacisa ukuthi asikhulumi nge-Bluetooth noma obunye ubuchwepheshe bokudluliswa kwedatha okungenantambo lapha. “Okungenantambo” kuleli cala kusho ukuba khona kokuhlangana kwe-inductive noma kwe-capacitive kwezakhiwo ezimbili ezizwakalayo - i-antenna edlulisa ulwazi, kanye ne-metamaterial. Ngomqondo kubonakala kanje:
Kwesokunxele kuboniswa indlela inqubo ye-MRI evame ukwenzeka ngayo: isiguli silala ngaphakathi kwe-cryostat endaweni yenkundla kazibuthe emile efanayo. I-antenna enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi "i-birdcage" ifakwe emhubheni we-tomograph. I-antenna yalokhu kucushwa ikuvumela ukuthi ujikeleze i-vector yenkundla kazibuthe yefrikhwensi yomsakazo kanye nemvamisa yangaphambili ye-hydrogen nuclei (emishinini yomtholampilo lokhu kuvame ukusuka ku-40 kuye ku-120 MHz kuye ngobukhulu benkundla kazibuthe emile isuka ku-1T iye ku-3T, ngokulandelana), okubenza bamunce amandla bese bekhipha amandla ngokuphendula . Isignali yokuphendula evela kuma-cores ibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi ifika kuma-conductor we-antenna enkulu, nakanjani izofiphala. Ngalesi sizathu, i-MRI isebenzisa amakhoyili asendaweni asondelene ukuze yamukele amasignali. Isithombe esiphakathi nendawo, isibonelo, sibonisa isimo esijwayelekile sokuskena amadolo. Ngokusebenzisa i-metamatadium, kungenzeka ukwenza i-resonator ezohlanganiswa nge-inductively nekheji lezinyoni. Kwanele ukubeka into enjalo eduze nendawo oyifunayo yomzimba wesiguli futhi isignali evela lapho ngeke yamukelwe embi kakhulu kunekhoyili yendawo! Uma lo mqondo usetshenziswa ngempumelelo, iziguli ngeke zisagxambukela ezintanjeni, futhi inqubo yokuhlonza i-MRI izoba ntofontofo.
Lona kanye uhlobo lwento engizame ukuyidala ekuqaleni, ngokugcwalisa izintambo ngamanzi nokuzama ukuskena iwolintshi. Izintambo ezicwiliswe emanzini zisuka esithombeni sokuqala kulesi sihloko azilutho ngaphandle kwama-athomu e-meta, ngayinye emele i-dipole ye-half-wave - omunye wemiklamo edume kakhulu ye-antenna, ejwayeleke kuwo wonke ama-radio amateur.
Bacwiliswa emanzini hhayi ukuze bangabambi umlilo ku-MRI (nakuba ngale njongo futhi)), kodwa ukuze, ngenxa yokungaguquguquki okuphezulu kwamanzi, banciphise ubude bawo be-resonant ngenani elilingana nesikwele. impande ye-dielectric constant yamanzi.
Le chip sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziswa ezamukeli zomsakazo, ucingo oluvunguzayo esiqeshini se-ferrite - okuthiwa. i-antenna. I-ferrite kuphela ene-permeability yamagnetic ephezulu, hhayi i-dielectric, ethi, nokho, isebenza ngendlela efanayo futhi ivumela ubukhulu be-resonant ye-antenna ukuthi buncishiswe ngokufanele. Ngeshwa, awukwazi ukufaka i-ferrite ku-MRI, ngoba ... kukazibuthe. Amanzi ayindlela eshibhile futhi efinyeleleka kalula.
Kuyacaca ukuthi ukubala zonke lezi zinto, udinga ukwakha amamodeli ezibalo ayinkimbinkimbi acabangela ubudlelwano phakathi kwezakhi ze-resonant, imingcele yemvelo kanye nemithombo yemisebe ... noma ungasebenzisa ngokunenzuzo izithelo zenqubekelaphambili kanye nesofthiwe yezinombolo ze-electromagnetic. ukumodela, okuyinto ngisho nengane yesikole engayiqonda kalula (izibonelo ezigqama kakhulu - CST, HFSS). Isofthiwe ikuvumela ukuthi udale amamodeli we-3D we-resonators, izimpondo, ama-circuits kagesi, wengeze abantu kubo - yebo, empeleni, noma yini, umbuzo kuphela umcabango wakho namandla atholakalayo wekhompyutha. Amamodeli akhiwe ahlukaniswe ngamagridi, ezindaweni lapho izilinganiso zeMaxwell ezaziwa kakhulu zixazululwa.
Lapha, isibonelo, ukulingiswa kwenkambu kazibuthe yerediyo ngaphakathi kwe-antenna yezinyoni eshiwo ngaphambilini:
Ngokushesha kuyacaca ukuthi insimu izungeza kanjani. Isimo ngakwesobunxele siboniswa uma kukhona ibhokisi lamanzi ngaphakathi kwe-antenna, futhi ngakwesokudla - lapho ibhokisi elifanayo liphezu kwe-resonator eyenziwe ngezintambo zobude be-resonant. Ungabona ukuthi inkambu kazibuthe ithuthukiswa kanjani ngokuphawulekayo izintambo. Ngemva kokufunda kahle i-CST nokuthuthukisa umklamo wami lapho, ngaphinda ngenza i-metamaterial, empeleni eyenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhulisa isignali ku-tomograph evamile yomtholampilo ye-1.5T MRI. Kwakuseyibhokisi (nakuba lilihle kakhulu, elenziwe nge-plexiglass), eligcwele amanzi nezintambo eziningi. Kulokhu, lesi sakhiwo sathuthukiswa ngokwemibandela ye-resonant, okungukuthi: ukukhethwa kobude bezintambo, indawo yazo, kanye nenani lamanzi. Nakhu okwenzekile ngotamatisi:
Ukuskena kokuqala kukatamatisi kwenziwa ngothi olukhulu. Umphumela waba umsindo nje onezinhlaka ezingabonakali. Okwesibili ngibeke isithelo esakhiweni esisanda kubhakwa se-resonance. Angizange ngakhe amamephu anemibala nanoma yini efana naleyo, njengoba umphumela usobala. Ngakho, ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami siqu, nakuba ngachitha isikhathi esiningi, ngafakazela ukuthi lo mqondo uyasebenza.
Kuyacaca ukuthi ucabangani - amawolintshi, utamatisi - lokho akulungile, ziphi izilingo zabantu?
Babeyikho ngempela :
Isandla sevolontiya elithola i-MRI silele ebhokisini elifanayo. Amanzi angempela asebhokisini, njengoba aqukethe i-hydrogen, nawo abonakala ngokucacile. Isignali ikhuliswa endaweni yesihlakala elele ku-resonator, kuyilapho zonke ezinye izingxenye zomzimba zingabonakali kahle. Kuyacaca ukuthi umphumela ofanayo, futhi mhlawumbe ongcono nakakhulu, ungafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa amakhoyili avamile omtholampilo. Kodwa lona kanye iqiniso lokuthi ungenza izinto ezinjalo ngokumane uhlanganise amanzi nezintambo, uzihlanganise ngendlela efanele, liyamangalisa. Okumangalisa nakakhulu, ulwazi mayelana nalokhu lungatholakala ngocwaningo lwezimo ezibonakala zingahlobene, njengokufiphala kokukhanya.
Kulabo abangakakhathaliOkwamanje, umklamo webhokisi lamanzi usuvele uthuthukisiwe. Manje sekuyibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe eliyisicaba elikuvumela ukuthi wenze indawo kazibuthe ye-antenna enkulu yangaphandle eduze nawe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yayo yokusebenza inkulu kunaleyo yomklamo odlule:
Amaribhoni anemibala akhombisa amandla kazibuthe phezu kwesakhiwo lapho ejatshuliswa umthombo wangaphandle wamagagasi kagesi. Isakhiwo esiyisicaba wulayini wokudlulisa ojwayelekile owaziwa kwezobunjiniyela bomsakazo, kodwa ungabuye ubhekwe njenge-metamaterial ye-MRI. Le “khoyili engenantambo” isingakwazi kakade ukuncintisana namakhoyili avamile ngokuya ngokufana kwenkambu ekhiqiziwe ekujuleni okuthile entweni eskeniwe:
Ukugqwayiza kubonisa imephu yombala yesendlalelo ngesendlalelo yesiginali ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lamanzi ku-MRI. Umbala ukhombisa ukushuba kwezimpawu ezivela ku-hydrogen nuclei. Ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele, ingxenye yekhoyili evamile yokuskena emuva isetshenziswa njengomamukeli. Ikhoneni elingezansi kwesokunxele yilapho ibhokisi libekwe kwi-resonator ngesimo sebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe. Ngezansi kwesokudla - isiginali yamukelwa uthi olukhulu olwakhelwe emhubheni we-tomograph. Ngiqhathanise ukufana kwesignali endaweni echazwe unxande. Kwezinye izindawo ukuphakama, i-metamaterial isebenza kangcono kunekhoyili ngokufana kwesignali. Ngezinjongo zomtholampilo, lokhu kungase kungabi impumelelo ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa uma kuziwa ekufakweni kwe-MRI yesayensi lapho amagundane askenwa khona, kungasiza ekufinyeleleni ukwanda kwesignali kanye nokuncipha kwamandla adingekayo ama-pulses omsakazo ajabulisayo.
Mayelana "okuthuthukisiwe izikhathi ezi-2" ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko - yiqiniso, lesi esinye isithelo sothando olungapheli lwezintatheli zososayensi, noma kunjalo, akulungile ukusho ukuthi lokhu kuwucwaningo olungenalutho, olusekelwa isithakazelo lesi sihloko emaqenjini ezesayensi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokumangalisayo, umsebenzi nawo uyenziwa lapha eRussia, nakuba kusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami siqu, lokhu kuyinto engavamile. Kusenezinkinga eziningi ezingakaxazululeki ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-metamatadium ku-MRI. Ngaphezu kokwenza indawo kazibuthe ukuze uthole isithombe esihle, ungakhohlwa ngamasimu kagesi aholela ekushiseni kwezicubu, kanye nokumuncwa kwamandla e-radiofrequency field ngezicubu zeziguli ezihlolwayo. Kulezi zinto, ekusetshenzisweni komtholampilo, kufanele kube nokulawulwa okukhethekile, okuba nzima kakhulu uma usebenzisa ama-resonators asendaweni. Okwamanje, ama-metamatadium e-MRI ahlala ngaphakathi kocwaningo lwesayensi, kodwa imiphumela etholakele isivele iyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo, ngenxa yabo, inqubo ye-MRI izoshintsha ibe ngcono, ibe ngokushesha futhi iphephe.
Source: www.habr.com