Ku-MWC2019, i-Qualcomm ibonise ividiyo enezimo ezithokozisayo zokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yangaphandle ye-5G mmWave, ngaphandle kwehhovisi futhi, kwezinye izimo, ngaphakathi endlini. Ake sizibhekisise.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa ikhampasi ye-Qualcomm e-San Diego, e-California - izakhiwo ezintathu neziteshi eziyisisekelo zamanethiwekhi e-5G nawe-LTE ayabonakala. Ukumbozwa kwe-5G ebhendini ye-28 GHz (i-millimeter wave band) kunikezwa amaseli amancane e-5G NR amathathu - elilodwa lifakwe ophahleni lwesakhiwo, elinye odongeni lwesakhiwo, kanti elesithathu egcekeni endaweni yepayipi. Kukhona ne-LTE macro cell yokuhlinzeka ngekhampasi.
Inethiwekhi ye-5G iyinethiwekhi ye-NSA, okusho ukuthi incike kumongo nezinye izinsiza zenethiwekhi ye-LTE. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okukhuphukile kokuxhumeka ngoba ezimeni lapho idivayisi yomsebenzisi ingaphandle kwe-5G mmWave, uxhumano aluphazamiseki, kodwa lushintshela kumodi ye-LTE (fallback) bese lubuyela kumodi ye-5G uma selukwazi futhi.
Ukubonisa ukusebenza kwale nethiwekhi, idivayisi yokubhalisa yokuhlola isetshenziswa ngokusekelwe kumodemu ye-Qualcomm X50 5G, esekela kokubili amafrikhwensi e-sub6 ne-mmWave. Lolu cingo luqukethe amamojula we-antenna angamamilimitha angu-3, ββamabili awo afakwe kwesokunxele nakwesokudla setheminali, kanti eyesithathu ekugcineni phezulu.
Lo mklamo wetheminali nenethiwekhi uqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuphezulu kokuxhumeka ngisho nasezimeni lapho i-antenna evela ku-5G base station antenna ivinjwa isandla sobhalisile, umzimba noma ezinye izithiyo. Izinga lokuxhuma lizimele ngokweqiniso ekuqondeni kwetheminali emkhathini - ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula amathathu e-antenna ahlukaniswe ngokwendawo kwakha iphethini yemisebe yezimpondo zetheminali eseduze ne-spherical.
Yilokhu i-gNB ebukeka ngayo - iseli elincane elingu-5G eline-antenna yedijithali eyisicaba engu-256-elementi yobubanzi bemilimitha. Inethiwekhi ibonisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-spectral downlink kokubili kwesiteshi esiyisisekelo kanye netheminali - ngokwesilinganiso ijwayele ukuya ku-4 bps ngo-1 Hz wesiteshi esiyisisekelo futhi cishe u-0.5 bps ngo-1 Hz wetheminali.
Umdwebo ubonisa ukuthi ukuxhumana ne-terminal kunikezwa inombolo esebenzayo yesigxobo 6, kuyilapho isiteshi silungele ukushintshela ekukhulumisaneni ne-terminal nge-beam 1 uma imingcele ye-beam 6 iyancipha, isibonelo, ngenxa yokuvinjwa kwayo yisithiyo esithile. Isiteshi esiyisisekelo sihlala siqhathanisa ikhwalithi yokuxhumana ku-beam esebenzayo nakweminye imishayo, sikhetha ikhandidethi elingcono kakhulu kulabo okungenzeka.
Futhi yilesi simo esibukeka ngasohlangothini lwetheminali.
Kuyabonakala ukuthi i-antenna module 2 isiyasebenza, ngoba okwamanje inikeza imingcele yokuxhumana engcono kakhulu. Kodwa uma okuthile kushintsha, isibonelo, obhalisile uhambisa i-terminal noma iminwe ukuze ihlanganise i-module 2 kusukela ku-gNB beam, enye yamamojula angaqinisekisa ukusebenza nesiteshi sesisekelo se-5G "ekucushweni" okusha kokuma kwedivayisi. icushwa ngokushesha.
βAma-ellipsesβ amade angamaphethini emisebe yephethini yemisebe yetheminali.
Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuhamba, ukumbozwa kanye nokuxhumana okuthembekile.
Ukuxhumana kuqinisekiswa kokubili kumodi "yomugqa wokubona" ββwesiteshi sesisekelo nama-antenna okugcina, nasezimeni zamasiginali abonisiwe.
Isimo 1: Umugqa wokubuka
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi imojuli ehlukile yothi ocingweni iyasebenza okwamanje.
Futhi nakhu okufanele kwenzeke uma ushintshela ku-beam ephinde yaboniswa.
Sibona inombolo ehlukile ye-beam esebenzayo; ukuxhumana kunikezwa imojuli ye-antenna ehlukile. (Idatha elingisiwe).
Isimo 2. Ukusebenzela ukuphinda ucabange
Amandla okusebenza ngemishayo ebonisiwe inweba kakhulu indawo ehlanganisiwe ye-5G ebangeni lemilimitha.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inethiwekhi ye-LTE inikeza indima yesisekelo esithembekile, esihlale silungele ukuthatha isevisi yobhalisile ngezikhathi lapho eshiya indawo ye-5G noma edlulisela obhalisile kunethiwekhi ye-5G esimweni lapho lokhu kwenzeka khona.
Kwesokunxele kukhona obhalisile ongena esakhiweni. Isevisi yayo ihlinzekwa yi-gNB 5G. Ngakwesokudla kukhona obhalisile otholakala esakhiweni; okwamanje, inethiwekhi ye-LTE iyasiphatha.
Izimo zishintshile. Umuntu ongena esakhiweni usasetshenziswa yiseli ye-5G, kodwa umuntu ophuma esakhiweni, ngemva kokuvula umnyango wangaphambili obuthakathaka we-5G, ubanjwa yinethiwekhi ye-5G futhi manje usetshenziswa yiyo.
Futhi manje umuntu ongakwesobunxele, ongene esakhiweni futhi wavimba ugongolo kusukela kusisekelo se-5G kuya ekugcineni kwakhe nomzimba wakhe, ushintshelwa kusevisi yenethiwekhi ye-LTE, kuyilapho umuntu oshiye isakhiwo manje "eqondiswa" xhuma kusuka kusisekelo se-5G.
Kwezinye izimo, inethiwekhi yangaphandle ye-5G mmWave ingase itholakale ngaphakathi endlini. Lokhu kuzophinde kusekele ukuboniswa okuningi okuvela ezakhiweni lapho izimo zemvelo phakathi kwezimpondo zishintsha.
Kungabonakala ukuthi isignali yaqale yatholwa kusukela esiteshini esiphansi ngokusebenzisa "i-beam eqondile".
Khona-ke, i-interlocutor yakhuphuka futhi yavimba i-beam, kodwa uxhumano lwe-5G aluzange luphazanyiswe ngokushintshela ku-beam ebonisa kusukela ebusweni besakhiwo sehhovisi esiseduze.
Lena yindlela inethiwekhi ye-5G esebenza ngayo ebangeni le-millimeter wave frequency. Qaphela ukuthi ukuhlolwa akubonisi ukuthi ukulandelela kwetheminali ye-5G kungadluliswa kusuka esiteshini esisodwa se-5G kuya kwesinye (ukunikezwa kweselula). Le modi cishe ayizange ihlolwe kulokhu kuhlolwa.
Source: www.habr.com