, ingqikithi yayo yonke eqhubekisela phambili isifundo esibhekise ku-automation kanye nokwenza kahle komsebenzi ngendawo yamafu.
Masikhumbule ukuthi ngoMeyi 2019 sethule i-Red Hat OpenShift 4, isizukulwane esilandelayo seplathifomu yethu ye-Kubernetes, esayiklama kabusha ukuze kube lula ukuphathwa kwezicelo zeziqukathi ezindaweni zokukhiqiza.
Isixazululo sidalwe njengenkundla ezilawulayo enezibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo nokuphathwa komjikelezo wempilo efwini eliyingxubevange futhi yakhelwe phezu kweRed Hat Enterprise Linux neRed Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS. Enguqulweni engu-4.2, kwakugxilwe ekwenzeni inkundla ibe nobungane kakhulu kunjiniyela. Ukwengeza, senze umsebenzi wokuphatha inkundla nezinhlelo zokusebenza zibe lula zabalawuli beqoqo ngokunikela ngamathuluzi okuthutha ukusuka ku-OpenShift 3 ukuya ku-4, kanye nokusebenzisa ukusekelwa kokucushwa okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
Sikuphi isivinini?
Inguqulo engu-4.2 yenza kube lula kakhulu ukusebenza ne-Kubernetes, ihlinzeka ngemodi entsha yokuphatha ye-OpenShift elungiselelwe imisebenzi yonjiniyela, kanye namathuluzi amasha nama-plugin okwakha iziqukathi, ukuhlela amapayipi e-CI/CD nokusebenzisa amasistimu angenaseva. Konke lokhu kusiza abahleli bezinhlelo ukuthi bagxile ngokunembe emsebenzini wabo oyinhloko - ukudala ikhodi yohlelo lokusebenza, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa izici ezingavamile ze-Kubernetes.
Buka i-topology yohlelo lokusebenza kukhonsoli yonjiniyela.
Imodi kanjiniyela entsha yekhonsoli ye-OpenShift
Amathuluzi kanjiniyela amasha ku-OpenShift 4.2:
- I-Web Console isiza onjiniyela ukuthi bagxile kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu ngokubonisa kuphela ulwazi nezilungiselelo abazidingayo. I-UI ethuthukisiwe yokubuka i-topology kanye nokuhlanganisa uhlelo lokusebenza kwenza kube lula ukudala, ukuphakela, nokubona ngeso lengqondo izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakwe esitsheni kanye nezinsiza zeqoqo.
- Ithuluzi - isixhumanisi somugqa womyalo okhethekile sabathuthukisi okwenza kube lula ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza endaweni yesikhulumi se-OpenShift. Ngokuhlela ukusebenzisana okufana ne-Git push, le CLI isiza abathuthukisi ukuthi benze izinhlelo zokusebenza kunkundla ye-OpenShift, ngaphandle kokuhlolisisa ubunkimbinkimbi be-Kubernetes.
- ye-Microsoft Visual Studio Code, i-JetBrains IDE (okuhlanganisa i-IntelliJ) kanye ne-Eclipse Desktop IDE inikeza ukuhlanganiswa okulula namathuluzi asetshenzisiwe futhi ikuvumela ukuba uthuthukise, wakhe, ulungise iphutha futhi uphakele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-OpenShift endaweni ye-IDE eyaziwa ngabathuthukisi.
- Isandiso Sokuthunyelwa Kwesigqoko Esibomvu se-OpenShift ye-Microsoft Azure DevOps. Inikeza abasebenzisi balelikhithi yamathuluzi ye-DevOps ikhono lokusebenzisa izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza ku-Azure Red Hat OpenShift nanoma yimaphi amanye amaqoqo e-OpenShift epulatifomu ye-Microsoft Azure DevOps.
I-plugin ye-Visual Studio
I-OpenShift ephelele kukhompuyutha ephathekayo
, okungamaqoqo e-OpenShift enziwe ngomumo alungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa endaweni yokusebenza noma ikhompuyutha ephathekayo, akwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zamafu endaweni.
I-Service Mesh
Isixazululo sethu , eyakhelwe ngesisekelo samaphrojekthi wesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile i-Istio, i-Kiali ne-Jaeger futhi ekhethekile , yenza kube lula ukuthuthukiswa, ukuthunyelwa nokunakekelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuplathifomu ye-OpenShift ngokunikeza amathuluzi adingekayo kanye nokuthatha ukuzenzekelayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zamafu ezisekelwe ekwakhiweni kwesimanjemanje okufana nama-microservices. Isixazululo sivumela abahleli bohlelo ukuthi bazikhulule esidingweni sokusebenzisa ngokuzimela futhi bagcine izinsiza zenethiwekhi ezikhethekile ezidingekayo ekusetshenzisweni nasekusebenzeni okunengqondo kwebhizinisi.
, , yenzelwe unjiniyela ngendlela efanele ngokwezwi nezwi "kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni" futhi inikeza izici ezinjengokulandelela, amamethrikhi, ukubona ngeso lengqondo nokuqapha ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, kanye nokufakwa nokucushwa kwe-mesh yesevisi ngokuchofoza okukodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isixazululo sinikeza izinzuzo mayelana nokuphathwa kokusebenza nokuphepha, njengokubethela kwethrafikhi phakathi kwamaseva ngaphakathi kwesikhungo sedatha kanye nokuhlanganiswa nesango le-API. .
Ukubona ngeso okuthuthukile kwethrafikhi yeqoqo kusetshenziswa i-Kiali ngaphakathi kwe-OpenShift Service Mesh
Ikhompyutha engenaseva
Esinye isisombululo sethu , ikusiza ukuthi usebenzise futhi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhuphuka kalula futhi zehle lapho zidingeka khona, yonke indlela iye kuqanda. Yakhelwe phezu kwephrojekthi ye-Knative futhi itholakala ku-Technology Preview, lesi sixazululo singasebenza kunoma yiliphi iqoqo le-OpenShift 4 kusetshenziswa isisebenzisi esihlobene se-Kubernetes, okwenza kube lula ukuqalisa nokufaka izingxenye ezidingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenaseva noma imisebenzi ku-OpenShift. Imodi yokuthuthukisa ikhonsoli ye-OpenShift, evele kunguqulo 4.2, ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinketho ezingenayo iseva ezinqubweni zokuthuthukiswa ezijwayelekile, ezifana nokungenisa kusuka ku-Git noma Isithombe se-Deployan, ngamanye amazwi, ungakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenayo iseva ngokuqondile ku-console.
Ukusetha ukusetshenziswa okungenasiphakeli kukhonsoli ye-OpenShift
Ngokungeziwe ekuhlanganisweni nekhonsoli yonjiniyela, inguqulo entsha ye-OpenShift inezinye intuthuko ngokuya nge-serverless. Ikakhulukazi, lokhu kn - isikhombimsebenzisi somugqa womyalo we-Knative, ohlinzeka ngokusebenza okulula nokunembile, ikuvumela ukuthi uqoqe izinto ezidingekayo zohlelo lokusebenza; thatha izifinyezo zekhodi nokucushwa, futhi inikeza amandla okwenza imephu yezindawo zokugcina zenethiwekhi kuzinguqulo ezithile noma amasevisi. Zonke lezi zici, ezitholakala Ekubukeni Kuqala Kobuchwepheshe ngo-opharetha we-OpenShift Serverless, zisiza onjiniyela ukuthi bakhululeke ngezakhiwo ezingenasiphakeli futhi babe nekhono lokusebenzisa izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza kumafu ayingxube ngaphandle kokukhiyelwa kwingqalasizinda ethile.
Amapayipi e-Cloud CI/CD
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo nokulethwa (CI/CD) kuyizinqubo zokuthuthukiswa ezibalulekile namuhla ezikhulisa isivinini nokuthembeka kokusatshalaliswa kwesoftware. Amathuluzi amahle e-CI/CD avumela amaqembu okuthuthukisa ukuthi enze lula futhi enze izinqubo zokuphendula ngokuzenzakalela, okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okushesha ngempumelelo. Ku-OpenShift, ungasebenzisa i-Jenkins yakudala noma isixazululo sethu esisha njengekhithi yamathuluzi .
I-Jenkins namuhla iyindinganiso ye-de facto, kodwa sihlobanisa ikusasa lesiqukathi se-CI/CD nephrojekthi yesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile we-Tekton. Ngakho-ke, i-OpenShift Pipelines yakhelwe ngokuqondile phezu kwesisekelo sale phrojekthi futhi isekela kangcono izindlela ezinjalo ezijwayelekile zezixazululo zamafu njengepayipi-njengekhodi (βipayipi njengekhodiβ) kanye ne-GitOps. Kumapayipi e-OpenShift, isinyathelo ngasinye sisebenza esitsheni saso, ngakho izinsiza zisetshenziswa kuphela ngenkathi leso sinyathelo sisebenza, okuvumela onjiniyela ukulawula ngokugcwele amapayipi abo okulethwa, ama-plugin, nokulawula ukufinyelela ngaphandle kokuthembela kuseva emaphakathi ye-CI/CD.
I-OpenShift Pipelines isekukubuka kuqala Konjiniyela futhi iyatholakala njengo-opharetha ohambisanayo ongasetshenziswa kunoma iyiphi iqoqo le-OpenShift 4. I-Jenkins ingasetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinguqulo ze-OpenShift 3 nezi-4.
Amapayipi we-Red Hat OpenShift
Ukuphatha iziqukathi efwini elixubile
Ukufakwa okuzenzakalelayo nokubuyekezwa kwe-OpenShift kuletha ifu eliyingxubevange eduze ngangokunokwenzeka efini le-canonical ngokuya ngolwazi lomsebenzisi. I-OpenShift 4.2 ibikade itholakala kumapulatifomu amakhulu omphakathi amafu, amafu ayimfihlo, amapulatifomu e-virtualization namaseva angenalutho, kodwa inguqulo XNUMX yengeza amapulatifomu amabili omphakathi amasha kulolu hlu - I-Microsoft Azure ne-Google Cloud Platform, kanye namafu angasese e-OpenStack .
Isifaki se-OpenShift 4.2 sithuthukisiwe ezindaweni eziqondiwe ezihlukahlukene, futhi siqeqeshelwe ukusebenza ngokucushwa okukodwa (okungaxhunywanga ku-inthanethi) okokuqala ngqa. Ukufakwa kwe-sandboxed kanye nemodi yommeleli eyisibopho enekhono lokuhlinzeka ngosizo lwenqwaba yakho ye-CA ukuze uqinisekise ukuthobelana nezindinganiso zokulawula kanye nezivumelwano zokuphepha zangaphakathi. Imodi yokufaka yodwa ikuvumela ukuthi uhlale unenguqulo yakamuva ye-OpenShift Container Platform ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi noma ezindaweni ezinezinqubomgomo eziqinile zokuhlola izithombe.
Ukwengeza, ngokukhipha isitaki se-OpenShift esigcwele usebenzisa i-Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS, inguqulo engasindi ye-Red Hat Enterprise Linux, ungaba nefu elilungile esikhathini esingaphansi kwehora kusukela ekufakweni.
I-OpenShift Yesigqoko Esibomvu ikuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise izinqubo zokudala, ukuthumela nokuphatha izinhlelo zokusebenza zeziqukathi emafini nasezingqalasizinda ezingaphakathi kwezakhiwo. Ngokufaka okulula, okuzenzakalelayo futhi okusheshayo, i-OpenShift 4.2 isiyatholakala ku-AWS, Azure, OpenStack kanye ne-GCP, okuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zilawule ngempumelelo amapulatifomu azo e-Kubernetes efwini eliyingxubevange.
Ukuthutha okulula kusuka ku-OpenShift 3 kuya ku-OpenShift 4
Amathuluzi amasha okuthutha umthwalo womsebenzi enza kube lula ukuthuthela ku-OpenShift 4.2 kusukela ezinguqulweni zangaphambilini zenkundla. Ukudlulisa imithwalo isuka eqoqweni elidala iye kwelinye manje sekuyashesha kakhulu, kulula futhi inobuncane bemisebenzi eyenziwa mathupha. Umlawuli weqoqo udinga nje ukukhetha iqoqo le-OpenShift 3.x lomthombo, maka iphrojekthi oyifunayo (noma i-namespace) kuyo futhi acacise ukuthi kufanele enzeni ngamavolumu ahambisanayo aqhubekayo - awakopishele kuqoqo eliqondiwe le-OpenShift 4.x noma alithuthe . Izinhlelo zokusebenza bese ziqhubeka nokusebenza kuqoqo lokuqala kuze kube yilapho umlawuli eziqeda.
I-OpenShift 4.2 isekela izimo ezihlukahlukene zokufuduka:
- Idatha ikopishwa kusetshenziswa inqolobane emaphakathi ngokusekelwe kuphrojekthi ye-Velero. Le nketho ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthe ngoshintsho lwesistimu yokugcina lapho, ngokwesibonelo, iqoqo langempela lisebenzisa i-Gluster, futhi elisha lisebenzisa i-Ceph.
- Idatha ihlala kunqolobane yamanje, kodwa ixhunywe kuqoqo elisha (ukushintsha kwevolumu okuqhubekayo).
- Ukukopisha amasistimu wefayela usebenzisa i-Restic.
Ubusuku bokuqala kwesokudla
Ngokuvamile abasebenzisi bethu bangathanda ukuzama izinto ezintsha ezihleliwe ze-OpenShift kudala ngaphambi kokuba kukhishwe okusha. . Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lezi zakhiwo azihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni, azisekelwa, azibhalwanga kahle, futhi zingase zibe nokusebenza okungaphelele. Izinga lalezi zakhiwo liyakhula njengoba lisondela enguqulweni yokugcina.
Ukwakhiwa kwasebusuku kuvumela amakhasimende nozakwethu ukuthi bahlole kuqala izici ezintsha kusenesikhathi ekuthuthukisweni, okungaba usizo ekuhleleni ukusetshenziswa noma ukuhlanganiswa kwe-OpenShift enezixazululo zonjiniyela be-ISV.
Inothi eliya kumalungu omphakathi we-OKD
Umsebenzi usuqalile ku-OKD 4.0, umthombo ovulekile wokusabalalisa we-Kubernetes odalwa umphakathi othuthukayo futhi ngaphansi kwe-Red Hat OpenShift. Simema wonke umuntu ukuthi anikeze ukuhlaziya kwakhe isimo samanje , Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) kanye Kubernetes ngaphakathi kweQembu Elisebenzayo le-OKD noma landela inqubekelaphambili kuwebhusayithi .
Qaphela:
Igama elithi βubambiswanoβ kulokhu kushicilelwa alisho ubambiswano olusemthethweni nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lobudlelwano obusemthethweni phakathi kweRed Hat, Inc. kanye nanoma iyiphi enye inhlangano esemthethweni.
Source: www.habr.com