Ngokwezibalo zakamuva, abantu baseRussia abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-33 basebenzisa i-Broadband Internet. Nakuba ukukhula kwesisekelo sababhalisile kuncipha, imali engenayo yabahlinzeki iyaqhubeka nokukhula, okuhlanganisa nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo ezikhona kanye nokuvela kwezintsha. I-Wi-Fi engenamthungo, ithelevishini ye-IP, ikhaya elihlakaniphile - ukuze kuthuthukiswe lezi zindawo, opharetha badinga ukushintsha besuka ku-DSL baye kubuchwepheshe besivinini esiphezulu futhi babuyekeze imishini yenethiwekhi. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizongena emininingwaneni mayelana nokuthi i-TP-Link izokunikeza ini kuma-ISP nokuthi singawasiza kanjani.
Izibalo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi
Ngokocwaningo olwenziwe yi-TMT Consulting, kwikota yesi-2 ka-2019, umthamo wemakethe ye-inthanethi ye-Broadband eRussia ufinyelele kuma-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-35,3, wengeza u-3,8% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. Ukungena kufinyelele ezingeni lika-60%, kuyilapho u-70% wababhalisi be-broadband abazimele abayizigidi ezingu-33,3 banikezwa abahlinzeki abakhulu abahlanu baseRussia:
- 11,9 million (36%) - Rostelecom;
- 3,8 million (12%) - ER-Telecom Holding;
- 3,35 million (10%) - MTS;
- 2,4 million (7%) - Beeline;
- 1,8 million (5%) - TransTeleCom (TTK).
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokukhula kwesisekelo sababhalisi lehla: 1,6% engxenyeni yesibili ka-2019 ngokumelene no-2,3% ngesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2018. Abacwaningi bathi imakethe ingene esigabeni sokugcwala. Noma kunjalo, abahlinzeki bayaqhubeka nokwandisa inzuzo. Izinga lesilinganiso semali engenayo yanyanga zonke ngobhalisile be-broadband ngamunye lenyuke ngama-ruble angu-9 - ukusuka kuma-ruble angu-347 ngo-2018 kuya ku-356 manje. Imali engenayo ayikhulanga nje ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu. Ngokusho kwe-TMT Consulting, opharetha bathuthukisa izinga lokufinyelela futhi bahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezintsha.
Abahlinzeki baqinisekisa okutholakele. Inkonzo yabezindaba yakwaRostelecom ibika ukuthi: ubuchwepheshe be-fiber optic enesivinini esikhulu kancane kancane buthatha indawo yamanethiwekhi e-DSL aphelelwe yisikhathi. Lokhu kudala isisekelo sobuchwepheshe sezinsizakalo ezengeziwe - IPTV nezinye. Abamele i-ER-Telecom baphinde babone amandla okukhula kuma-niches asanda kuqhathaniswa nabahlinzeki: "i-smart intercom", "ithelevishini yedijithali", kanye namaphrojekthi "wedolobha elihlakaniphile" kanye "nezwe ledijithali".
Ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi, idatha yango-2018
I-inthanethi ingena ijule, ukutholakala kuyakhula, nezinga lezinsizakalo ezinikezwayo liyathuthuka. Ngendlela, uhlelo lukazwelonke "Umnotho Wedijithali weRussian Federation" luthi ngo-2024, i-97% yemizi yezwe kufanele ibe nokufinyelela kwe-broadband ngesivinini se-100 Mbit / s. Ukuqedela lo msebenzi kuzodinga izindleko ezinkulu ezivela kubahlinzeki. Isibonelo, i-Rostelecom ihlose ukutshala imali kusuka ku-50 kuya ku-70 billion ruble kumanethiwekhi amasha. Esifundeni saseNyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Federal kuphela, i-25,6 km ye-fiber optic cable izobekwa ngezindleko zama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-12,3!
Kuma-ISP amakhulu namaphakathi: ukwenza ngokwezifiso kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kwedivayisi okukude
Abahlinzeki baseRussia abakwazi ukuphila ngamashumi ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha we-optical fiber; bazodinga amaswishi esimanjemanje, amarutha, izilawuli, izindawo zokufinyelela ze-Wi-Fi, kanye nama-transceiver, iziguquli zemidiya, njll. Enye yezimboni zethu imatasatasa kuphela ukukhiqizwa kwamadivayisi enethiwekhi nokwenza ngokwezifiso kwawo.
Ngokuhambisana nemisebenzi yekhasimende, singashintsha i-firmware, sihlomise okokusebenza ngemisebenzi eyengeziwe noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, sinciphise amandla ayo.
Amarutha e-Wi-Fi alungiselwe ngokukhethekile i-ER-Telecom - ukukhethwa okuzenzakalelayo kohlobo lwe-IPv6 kwengezwe kubo. Amanodi aqondene nomthengisi we-TR-069 anikeza opharetha ithuba lokuqapha isimo nokusebenza kwezisetshenziswa zesevisi esebenzayo. Ukulungisa umshayeli we-Wi-Fi kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukulinganisela phakathi kwama-chipsets angu-2,4 no-5 GHz, okuholele ekwenyukeni okuphindwe kabili kwesivinini se-WLAN. I-Band Steering nayo isithuthukisiwe.
Imiyalo, ukubukeka kwamadivayisi ngokwawo, kanye nokupakishwa kwawo nakho kwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo. Umthengi angakwazi ukufunda ulwazi oludingekayo ngesiRashiya. Ngezansi kunezibonelo zokwenza ngokwezifiso ukupakishwa kanye namacala abahlinzeki baseRussia:
Okwamanje sinikeza abahlinzeki be-inthanethi amamodeli amathathu amakhulu amarutha e-Wi-Fi:
- I-TL-WR850N (Ethernet 100 Mbps, 2,4 GHz Wi-Fi 300 Mbps).
- I-Archer C20 (Ethernet 100 Mbps, 2,4 GHz Wi-Fi 300 Mbps, 5 GHz Wi-Fi 433 Mbps).
- I-Archer C5 (Ethernet 1 Gbps, 2,4 GHz Wi-Fi 300 Mbps, 5 GHz Wi-Fi 867 Mbps).
Wonke amarutha asekela i-IPv6, izilawuli zabazali, kanye nephrothokholi ye-TR-069, evumela opharetha ukuthi alungiselele ukude futhi aphathe amadivayisi omsebenzisi wokugcina. Ngokuvumelana namazinga esimanjemanje, okokusebenza kuhlinzeka ngommeleli we-IGMP, imodi yebhuloho, 802.1Q TAG VLAN yamasevisi e-IPTV kanye nenethiwekhi yesivakashi ukuze uthole ukufinyelela kwezivakashi okuhlukile. Ngaphezu kwejubane lamachweba we-Ethernet kanye ne-Wi-Fi, i-Archer C5 ihlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwembobo ye-USB 2.0, eyenza kube nokwenzeka ukuxhuma imodemu ye-3G/4G, kanye nokwabelana ngamafayela noma imidiya kunethiwekhi.
Iseva ye-TP-Link ACS yokuphatha kude
Ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elifana neseva ye-ACS, u-opharetha angakwazi ukukhanyisa kabusha wonke ama-routers ababhalisile ngesikhathi esisodwa, abeke imikhawulo ethile kuwo, aguqule izilungiselelo, njalonjalo - ngokuvamile, ngokuzimela ngokwezifiso amadivayisi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokubona kwawo.
Ikhasi lasekhaya le-Agile ACS libonisa isimo samadivayisi ngeshadi. Ungachofoza umkhakha weshadi noma inombolo edwetshelwe ukuze ubuke imininingwane.
Ithebula lamadivayisi libonisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana namadivayisi abhalisiwe: inombolo yomkhiqizo, imodeli, ulwazi lwesofthiwe, ikheli le-IP, njll. Ungasebenzisa izihlungi ukuze uthole amadivayisi athile ahlangabezana nemibandela ecacisiwe.
Kumathebhu olwazi ungabuka amapharamitha amanje futhi uwashintshe.
I-TR TREE ibonisa ulwazi lwenodi yedivayisi. Ewindini lokusesha, ungathola i-node ethile futhi uyilungiselele.
Ungakwazi ukunweba imenyu yokudonsela phansi ukuze ufinyelele izilungiselelo ezengeziwe.
Usebenzisa leli thuluzi, awukwazi ukuqapha futhi ulungiselele idivayisi eyodwa kuphela, kodwa futhi wenze i-firmware eningi kanye nezibuyekezo zefayela lokucushwa ngekhono lokuhlunga ngohlelo lokusebenza. I-ACS okwamanje isekela amamodeli amane: Archer C5, Archer C20, TLWR840N kanye ne-TL-WR850N.
I-ACS igcina kufika ku-800 MB wamalogi akamuva. Uma amafayela elogi efika ku-100 MB ngosayizi, uhlelo luwagcina kungobo yomlando. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ungabuka kufika ku-200 MB wamalogi akamuva, okuhlanganisa i-ID yedivayisi, isikhathi nokuqukethwe kwelogi.
Esigabeni Sezilungiselelo Zesistimu, ungabuka futhi uguqule ukulungiselelwa kwe-ACS. Ngokungeziwe ekhelini le-IP lomsingathi, elingase lilungiswe umlawuli, uhlelo luhlinzeka ngekheli le-IP lokuphatha unomphela: 169.254.0.199.
Kubahlinzeki abancane: uxhumano oluzimele nokwenza ngokwezifiso
Ezinkampanini zasendaweni ze-inthanethi ezithenga izinto zokusebenza ezincane, akunanzuzo uku-oda ukwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kwasembonini noma ukuthola ilayisense ye-ACS. Kubo, sinikeze esinye isisombululo lapho izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo zamarutha e-TP-Link zishintshwa ukuze zibe nezici zenethiwekhi yomhlinzeki. Idivayisi eyenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo kusetshenziswa insiza ye-Agile Config igcina i-firmware eshintshile ngisho nangemva kokusetha kabusha okuphelele - futhi abasebenzisi ngeke bakwazi “ukuphula” inethiwekhi ngokusetha kabusha ngephutha. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo emnyangweni wokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe bomsebenzisi.
Ngokusebenzisa i-Agile Config, ungashintsha i-SSID, uhlobo lokuxhuma lwe-WAN, iphasiwedi, indawo yesikhathi nolimi. Ungasetha izilungiselelo ezikhethekile kuwo wonke amarutha e-TP-Link noma wenze izilungiselelo zomuntu siqu zerutha ngayinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insiza ikuvumela ukuthi ufake uphawu lwesixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu - shintsha ilogo ye-TP-Link ibe yilogo yakho yomhlinzeki. Futhi ku-Agile Config kuhlelwe ukwengeza ukuvimba nokufihla kumsebenzisi izilungiselelo ezithile ezibucayi - isibonelo, i-TR-069.
Ukuze uthole usizo, hamba ngenqubo elula yokubhalisa kuwebhusayithi. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ikheli lakho le-imeyili, ngena ku-akhawunti yakho bese ugcwalisa - faka imininingwane yenkampani yakho. Uhlelo lokusebenza luzobuyekezwa phakathi kwamahora angama-24, futhi uzokwazi ukulanda izingxenye ze-Agile Config: Iseva e-Agile kanye ne-ISP Generator.
We kuhlelo lokusebenza, lapho sikutshela ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani futhi uyisebenzise.
Ngemva kokufaka isofthiwe kukhompyutha yakho, sixhuma kwenye yamarutha ukuze senze izilungiselelo ezivamile zokufakwa kuwo wonke amadivayisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hamba ekhasini lezilungiselelo ze-router bese ufika nephasiwedi: kungaba elula, njenge-admin, noma into eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzisi wenqatshelwe ukufinyelela kuzilungiselelo. Setha izilungiselelo ezidingekayo, setha igama elisha nephasiwedi yenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi. Izilungiselelo zigcinwa ngesigaba "Yenza isipele".
Izilungiselelo ezihlukene zomzila ngamunye zicaciswa ngosizo lwe-ISP Generator. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dala ifayela elithi MAC.BIN.xls - uhlelo lukwenza lokhu ngokuzenzakalelayo - bese ushintsha ifayela ngokulivula ku-Excel. Sikhombisa ikheli le-MAC le-router elungiswayo njengamanje (idatha ikhonjiswe kuphaneli elingemuva ledivayisi), nezinye izilungiselelo zomuntu ngamunye: ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi yokufinyelela ku-interface yewebhu, yokuxhuma i-PPPoE, ye-Wi- Inethiwekhi ye-Fi. Uma usebenzisa ikheli le-IP elimile, udinga ukusetha izinhlaka zalo lapha. Ukugcina ifayela futhi sisebenzisa i-ISP Generator.
Ukuze usebenzise izilungiselelo, xhuma irutha nekhompyutha kunoma iyiphi iswishi. Kukhompyutha sibeka ikheli le-IP elimile 192.168.66.10, imaski iyona ezenzakalelayo. Ngemva kwalokhu, sihambisa womabili amafayela adaliwe anezilungiselelo kufolda eyodwa. Uma uzofaka uphawu ku-router, bese ubeka i-logo yakho ne-favicon lapho, ubukhulu bayo akufanele budlule u-6 KB.
Qalisa insiza ye-Agile Server njengomlawuli. Emkhakheni Wendawo Yokusebenzela, cacisa indlela eya kufolda ngamafayela ethu bese uchofoza "KULUNGILE", emva kwalokho isevisi iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-Agile Config isekela i-TL-WR850N, i-Archer C20 namarutha e-Archer C5. Uhlelo lokusebenza likuvumela ukuthi ukhanyise ngesikhathi esisodwa ichibi elikhulu lamadivayisi, usayizi walo onqunyelwe kuphela ngenani lamachweba okushintsha.
isiphetho
Uma ukhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngayo yonke imishini ye-TP-Link yama-opharetha e-Inthanethi kokuthunyelwe okukodwa, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuba ube nesineke sokuyifunda kuze kube sekupheleni. Lapha sikwethule kuphela imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ze-TP-Link ezaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabahlinzeki baseRussia - empeleni, ziningi zazo. Amarutha ethulwayo - uma kunikezwe ithuba lokwenza ngokwezifiso efekthri kanye nokuzilungiselela kusetshenziswa isoftware yokuphathelene - ahlinzeka ngokufinyelela okuhle ku-inthanethi ye-broadband kanye nokwesekwa kwezinsizakalo ezengeziwe. Sekukonke, lokhu kuzokwanelisa izidingo zama-ISP amaningi aseRussia nabathengi.
Izinhlelo zethu manje zihlanganisa amadivayisi amasha we-Wi-Fi 6 ejwayelekile, amasistimu e-Mesh okufakwa kwe-Wi-Fi ngaphandle “kwezindawo ezifile” namanye amadivayisi “asindayo” ngezidingo ezikhulayo zabathengi. Sizotshela nakanjani abafundi bakaHabr ngalezi zixhobo!
Source: www.habr.com