Isihloko sokubekezelelana kwamaphutha ezinhlelweni zokugcinwa kwedatha sihlala sibalulekile, njengoba esikhathini sethu sokusabalala kwe-virtualization kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinsiza, izinhlelo zokulondoloza ziyisixhumanisi ukwehluleka kwazo kuzoholela hhayi nje engozini evamile, kodwa ekunciphiseni isikhathi eside kwezinsizakalo. Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo zokugcina zesimanje ziqukethe izingxenye eziningi eziyimpinda (ngisho nezilawuli). Kodwa ingabe isivikelo esinjalo sanele?
Impela bonke abathengisi, lapho befaka kuhlu izici zezinhlelo zokugcina, behlala besho ukubekezelela amaphutha okuphezulu kwezixazululo zabo, bengeza njalo igama elithi "ngaphandle kwephuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka." Ake sibhekisise isistimu yesitoreji evamile. Ukuze ugweme isikhathi sokuphumula ekulungisweni, isistimu yesitoreji iphinda izinto zamandla, amamojula okupholisa, izimbobo zokufaka/okukhiphayo, amadrayivu (sisho i-RAID) kanye, vele, nezilawuli. Uma ubhekisisa lesi sakhiwo, uzobona okungenani amaphuzu amabili okungase kube ukwehluleka, agcinwa ethulile ngesizotha:
- Ukutholakala kwendiza eyodwa engemuva
- Ukuba nekhophi eyodwa yedatha
Indiza engemuva iyisisetshenziswa esiyinkimbinkimbi ngokobuchwepheshe okumele sihlolwe kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, kunezimo ezingavamile kakhulu lapho ihluleka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nasezimeni zezinkinga eziyingxenye, njenge-slot ye-drive engasebenzi, kuzodingeka ukuthi ishintshwe ngokuvala okuphelele kwesistimu yokugcina.
Ukudala amakhophi amaningi edatha nakho akuyona inkinga ekuqaleni nje. Isibonelo, ukusebenza kwe-Clone ezinhlelweni zokugcina, okukuvumela ukuthi ubuyekeze ikhophi ephelele yedatha ngezikhathi ezithile, kusabalele kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma kunezinkinga nge-backplay efanayo, ikhophi ngeke itholakale njengeyokuqala.
Isixazululo esisobala ngokuphelele sokunqoba lezi ziphutha ukuphindaphinda kolunye uhlelo lokugcina. Uma sivala amehlo ethu ekuphindaphindeni kabili okulindelekile kwezindleko zehadiwe (sisacabanga ukuthi abantu abakhetha isinqumo esinjalo bacabanga ngokwanele futhi bamukele leli qiniso kusenesikhathi), kusazoba khona izindleko ezingaba khona zokuhlela ukuphindaphinda ngendlela yamalayisensi, okungeziwe. isoftware kanye nehardware. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, uzodinga ukuthi ngandlela thize uqinisekise ukuvumelana kwedatha ephindaphindiwe. Labo. yakha i-virtualizer/vSAN/etc., edinga nemali nezinsiza zesikhathi.
Lapho sidala amasistimu ethu Okutholakala Okuphezulu, sibeka umgomo wokususa lokhu kushiyeka okubalulwe ngenhla. Lena yindlela okwavela ngayo ukuhunyushwa kobuchwepheshe be-Shared Nothing, okusho ukuthi “ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi okwabelwana ngawo.”
Umqondo i-architecture imele ukusetshenziswa kwamanodi amabili azimele (izilawuli), ngayinye enesethi yayo yedatha. Ukuphindaphinda okuvumelanayo kwenzeka phakathi kwamanodi ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-InfiniBand 56G, okukhanya ngokuphelele kusofthiwe esebenza phezu kwesistimu yokugcina. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwe-virtualizers yokugcina, ama-software agents, njll. akudingekile.
Ngokomzimba, isixazululo sama-node amabili esivela ku-AccelStor singasetshenziswa ngamamodeli amabili:
- - ngokusekelwe kumaseva angama-Twin esimweni se-2U, uma ukusebenza okumaphakathi namandla afika ku-22TB kuyadingeka;
- - ngokusekelwe kumaseva angawodwana e-2U, uma ukusebenza okuphezulu nomthamo omkhulu (kufika ku-57TB) kuyadingeka.
Imodeli H510 esekelwe kuseva ye-Twin
Imodeli H710 esekelwe kumaseva ngamanye
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlukene zamafomu kungenxa yesidingo sezinombolo ezihlukene zama-SSD ukuze kuzuzwe umthamo onikeziwe nokusebenza. Futhi, inkundla ye-Twin ishibhile futhi ikuvumela ukuthi unikeze izixazululo ezithengekayo, nakuba “kunobubi” obunemibandela obuyindiza eyodwa engemuva. Konke okunye, okuhlanganisa nezimiso zokusebenza, kufana ngokuphelele kuwo womabili amamodeli.
Isethi yedatha yenodi ngayinye inamaqembu amabili , kanye nezipele ezishisayo ezi-2. Iqembu ngalinye liyakwazi ukumelana nokwehluleka kwe-SSD eyodwa. Zonke izicelo ezingenayo zokurekhoda i-node ngokuhambisana nayo I-FlexiRemap yakha kabusha amabhulokhi angu-4KB abe amaketanga alandelanayo, abese ebhalwa ku-SSD ngemodi enethezeke kakhulu kubo (ukurekhoda okulandelanayo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsingathi uthola isiqinisekiso sokurekhoda kuphela ngemva kokuba idatha ibekwe ngokomzimba ku-SSD, i.e. ngaphandle kokulondoloza isikhashana ku-RAM. Umphumela uwukusebenza okuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu kokufika kokubhala okungu-600K IOPS nokufundwa okungu-1M+ IOPS (imodeli H710).
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, amasethi wedatha avumelaniswa ngesikhathi sangempela nge-interface ye-InfiniBand 56G, ene- throughput ephezulu kanye ne-latency ephansi. Ukuze usebenzise kahle kakhulu isiteshi sokuxhumana lapho uthumela amaphakethe amancane. Ngoba Kunesiteshi esisodwa kuphela sokuxhumana; isixhumanisi esizinikele se-1GbE sisetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo okwengeziwe. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuphela kudluliselwa ngakho, ngakho-ke azikho izidingo zezimpawu zesivinini.
Uma kwenzeka ukwandisa umthamo wesistimu (kufika ku-400+TB) ngenxa baphinde baxhunywe ngababili ukuze kugcinwe umqondo othi "akukho iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka".
Ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa kwedatha eyengeziwe (ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-AccelStor isivele inamakhophi amabili), i-algorithm yokuziphatha ekhethekile isetshenziswa uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwanoma iyiphi i-SSD. Uma i-SSD yehluleka, i-node izoqala ukwakha kabusha idatha kwenye yamadrayivu ayisipele ashisayo. Iqembu le-FlexiRemap, elisesimeni esonakele, lizoshintshela kumodi yokufunda kuphela. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqeda ukuphazamiseka phakathi kokubhala nokwakha kabusha imisebenzi kudiski eyisipele, ekugcineni isheshisa inqubo yokutakula futhi inciphise isikhathi lapho uhlelo lungaba sengozini. Ngemva kokuqeda ukwakha kabusha, i-node ibuyela kumodi evamile yokufunda-ukubhala.
Yiqiniso, njengamanye amasistimu, ngesikhathi sokwakha kabusha ukusebenza kuyancipha (ngemuva kwakho konke, elinye lamaqembu e-FlexiRemap alisebenzi ukurekhoda). Kodwa inqubo yokutakula ngokwayo iyenzeka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ehlukanisa izinhlelo ze-AccelStor ezixazululweni zabanye abathengisi.
Enye impahla ewusizo yobuchwepheshe bezakhiwo ze-Nothing Shared wukusebenza kwamanodi kulokho okubizwa ngemodi yeqiniso esebenzayo. Ngokungafani nesakhiwo "sakudala", lapho isilawuli esisodwa kuphela esiphethe umthamo/iphuli ethile, futhi esesibili simane senza imisebenzi ye-I/O, kumasistimu. inodi ngayinye isebenza nesethi yayo yedatha futhi ayidluliseli izicelo “kumakhelwane” wayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza kohlelo lonke kuyathuthukiswa ngenxa yokucubungula okufanayo kwezicelo ze-I/O ngamanodi kanye nokufinyelela kumadrayivu. Ayikho futhi into efana ne-faillover, ngoba asikho isidingo sokudlulisa ukulawulwa kwamavolumu kwenye i-node uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka.
Uma siqhathanisa ubuchwepheshe bokwakhiwa kwe-Nothing Shared nokuphindaphinda kwesistimu yesitoreji esigcwele, lapho-ke, uma uthi nhlá, buzoba ngaphansi kancane ekusetshenzisweni okugcwele kokutakula inhlekelele ngokuguquguquka. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekuhleleni umugqa wokuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlelo zokugcina. Ngakho, kumodeli ye-H710 kungenzeka ukusabalalisa ama-node ebangeni elingafika ku-100m ngokusebenzisa izintambo ze-InfiniBand ezisebenzayo ezingashibhile kakhulu. Kodwa ngisho noma kuqhathaniswa nokuqaliswa okujwayelekile kokuphindaphinda okuvumelanayo okuvela kwabanye abathengisi nge-FibreChannel etholakalayo, ngisho nangaphezu kwamabanga amade, isixazululo esivela ku-AccelStor sizobiza futhi kulula ukusifaka/sisisebenzisa, ngoba asikho isidingo sokufaka ama-virtualizers esitoreji kanye/noma ukuhlanganisa nesofthiwe (okuyinto engenakwenzeka njalo ngokomgomo). Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izixazululo ze-AccelStor zingawo wonke ama-Flash array asebenza ngokuphezulu kunaleyo yezinhlelo zokugcina "zakudala" ezine-SSD kuphela.
Uma usebenzisa i-AccelStor's Nothing Shared architecture, kungenzeka ukufeza ukutholakala kwesistimu yesitoreji engu-99.9999% ngezindleko ezizwakalayo. Kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kwesixazululo, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhophi amabili edatha, kanye nokusebenza okuhlaba umxhwele ngenxa yama-algorithms obunikazi. , izixazululo ezivela bangamakhandidethi amahle kakhulu ezikhundleni ezibalulekile lapho bakha isikhungo sedatha yesimanje.
Source: www.habr.com