Sawubona wonke umuntu, igama lami ngingu-Igor Tyukachev futhi ngingumxhumanisi wokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi. Kokuthunyelwe kwanamuhla sizoba nengxoxo ende neyisicefe yamaqiniso avamile. Ngifuna ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami futhi ngikhulume ngamaphutha amakhulu enziwa yizinkampani lapho zenza uhlelo lokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi.
1. I-RTO ne-RPO ngokungahleliwe
Iphutha elibaluleke kakhulu engilibonile ukuthi isikhathi sokutakula (RTO) sikhishwa emoyeni omncane. Hhayi-ke, emoyeni omncane - ngokwesibonelo, kunezinombolo ezithile zeminyaka emibili edlule ezivela ku-SLA umuntu aziletha endaweni yakhe yokusebenza yangaphambilini. Kungani bekwenza lokhu? Phela, ngokuvumelana nazo zonke izindlela, kufanele uqale uhlaziye imiphumela yezinqubo zebhizinisi, futhi ngokusekelwe kulokhu kuhlaziywa, ubale isikhathi sokubuyisela okuhlosiwe kanye nokulahlekelwa kwedatha okwamukelekayo. Kodwa ukwenza ukuhlaziya okunjalo ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi kuyabiza, ngezinye izikhathi akucaci kahle ukuthi kanjani-gcizelela lokho okudingeka kwenziwe. Futhi into yokuqala efika engqondweni kwabaningi yile: “Sonke sibadala futhi siyakuqonda ukuthi ibhizinisi lisebenza kanjani. Asingamoshi isikhathi nemali! Ake sithathe ukuhlanganisa noma ukususa ngendlela okufanele kube ngayo. Phuma ekhanda lakho, usebenzisa ubuhlakani be-proletarian! I-RTO mayibe amahora amabili.”
Lokhu kuholela kuphi? Uma uza kubaphathi ukuze uthole imali yemisebenzi yokuqinisekisa i-RTO/RPO edingekayo enezinombolo ezithile, kuhlale kudinga ukulungisiswa. Uma kungekho ukulungisiswa, khona-ke umbuzo uphakama: ukutholephi? Futhi akukho ukuphendula. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuthembela emsebenzini wakho kuyaphela.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi lawo mahora amabili okuthola kabusha abiza isigidi samaRandi. Futhi ukuthethelela ubude besikhathi se-RTO kuyindaba yemali, futhi emikhulu kakhulu kulokho.
Futhi ekugcineni, lapho uletha uhlelo lwakho lwe-BCP kanye/noma lwe-DR kubadlali (abazobe begijima ngempela futhi bephakamisa izingalo zabo ngesikhathi sengozi), bazobuza umbuzo ofanayo: avelaphi lawa mahora amabili? Futhi uma ungakwazi ukuchaza lokhu ngokucacile, khona-ke ngeke bakwethembe wena noma idokhumenti yakho.
Kuvele kube yiphepha ngenxa yephepha, lokuzikhipha ohlwini. Ngendlela, abanye benza lokhu ngamabomu, ukuze nje banelise izidingo zomlawuli.
Awu uyaqonda
2. Ikhambi lakho konke
Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lwe-BCP lwenziwa ukuze kuvikelwe zonke izinqubo zebhizinisi kunoma yiziphi izinsongo. Muva nje, umbuzo othi “Yini esifuna ukuzivikela kuyo?” Ngezwa impendulo: “Konke nokunye okwengeziwe.”
Kodwa iqiniso wukuthi lolu hlelo kuhloswe ngalo ukuvikela kuphela ethize izinqubo zebhizinisi ezibalulekile zenkampani kusuka ethize izinsongo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokwenza uhlelo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuvela kwezingozi futhi uhlaziye imiphumela yazo ebhizinisini. Kudingeka ukuhlolwa kobungozi ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi yiziphi izinsongo inkampani ezesabayo. Uma kwenzeka ukucekelwa phansi kwesakhiwo kuzoba nohlelo olulodwa lokuqhubeka, uma kunengcindezi yesjeziso - enye, uma kwenzeka izikhukhula - ingxenye yesithathu. Ngisho neziza ezimbili ezifanayo emadolobheni ahlukene zingase zibe nezinhlelo ezihluke kakhulu.
Akunakwenzeka ukuvikela inkampani yonke nge-BCP eyodwa, ikakhulukazi enkulu. Isibonelo, i-X5 Retail Group enkulu yaqala ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka ngezinqubo ezimbili ezibalulekile zebhizinisi (sibhale ngalokhu ). Futhi akunangqondo ukuhlanganisa yonke inkampani ngohlelo olulodwa; lokhu kuvela esigabeni "somthwalo wemfanelo ohlangene", lapho wonke umuntu enesibopho futhi kungekho muntu onesibopho.
Izinga le-ISO 22301 liqukethe umqondo wenqubomgomo, lapho, empeleni, inqubo yokuqhubeka enkampanini iqala. Ichaza ukuthi yini esizoyivikela nokuthi yini. Uma abantu beza begijima bese becela ukwengeza lokhu nalokhu, isibonelo:
— Ake sengeze ku-BCP ingozi yokuthi sizogetshengwa?
Noma
- Muva nje, phakathi nemvula, indawo yethu ephezulu igcwele izikhukhula - ake sengeze isimo sokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe uma kwenzeka izikhukhula?
Bese ubathumela ngokushesha kule nqubomgomo bese uthi sivikela izimpahla zenkampani ezithile futhi kuphela ezinsongweni ezithile, okuvunyelenwe ngazo ngaphambili, ngoba zingeza kuqala manje.
Futhi noma ngabe iziphakamiso zezinguquko zifanelekile ngempela, bese unikela ngokuzicabangela enguqulweni elandelayo yenqubomgomo. Ngoba ukuvikela inkampani kubiza imali eningi. Ngakho zonke izinguquko ohlelweni lwe-BCP kufanele zidlule ekomidini lesabelomali nasekuhleleni. Sincoma ukuthi ubuyekeze inqubomgomo yokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi yenkampani kanye ngonyaka noma ngokushesha ngemva kwezinguquko eziphawulekayo esakhiweni senkampani noma izimo zangaphandle (kwangathi abafundi bangangixolela ngokusho njalo).
3. Amaphupho namaqiniso
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi lapho benza uhlelo lwe-BCP, ababhali bachaza isithombe esihle somhlaba. Isibonelo, "asinaso isikhungo sedatha sesibili, kodwa sizobhala uhlelo njengokungathi sinalo." Noma ibhizinisi alikabi nayo ingxenye yengqalasizinda, kodwa abasebenzi basazoyifaka ohlelweni ngethemba lokuthi izovela ngokuzayo. Futhi-ke inkampani izokwelula iqiniso kuhlelo: yakha isikhungo sedatha sesibili, chaza ezinye izinguquko.
Kwesokunxele ingqalasizinda ehambisana ne-BCP, kwesokudla ingqalasizinda yangempela
Konke lokhu kuyiphutha. Ukubhala uhlelo lwe-BCP kusho ukusebenzisa imali. Uma ubhala uhlelo olungasebenzi njengamanje, uzobe ukhokhela iphepha elibiza kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela kukho, akunakwenzeka ukuyihlola. Kuvela ukuthi umsebenzi ngenxa yomsebenzi.
Ungabhala uhlelo ngokushesha okukhulu, kodwa ukwakha ingqalasizinda eyisipele nokusebenzisa imali kuzo zonke izixazululo zokuvikela kuyinde futhi kuyabiza. Lokhu kungase kuthathe isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Futhi kungase kuvele ukuthi usunalo kakade uhlelo, futhi ingqalasizinda yalo izovela eminyakeni emibili. Kungani ludingeka uhlelo olunjalo? Izokuvikela kuphi?
Kuphinde kube yiphupho lapho ithimba lokuthuthukiswa kwe-BCP liqala ukuthola ochwepheshe ukuthi yini okufanele bayenze futhi ngasiphi isikhathi. Iphuma esigabeni: “Uma ubona ibhere ku-taiga, udinga ukujikela kwelinye icala nebhere futhi ugijime ngesivinini esidlula ijubane lebhere. Ngezinyanga zasebusika, udinga ukuvala imikhondo yakho.”
4. Iziqongo nezimpande
Iphutha lesine elibaluleke kakhulu ukwenza uhlelo lube phezulu kakhulu noma lube nemininingwane eminingi. Sidinga incazelo yegolide. Uhlelo akumele lube nemininingwane eminingi yeziphukuphuku, kodwa akufanele lube olujwayelekile kakhulu ukuze into efana nalena iphele:
On lula ngokuvamile
5. KuKhesari - okukaKesari, kumakhenika - kuyini okukamekhenikha.
Iphutha elilandelayo lisukela kwedlule: uhlelo olulodwa alukwazi ukwamukela zonke izenzo zawo wonke amazinga okuphatha. Izinhlelo ze-BCP zivame ukuthuthukiswa ezinkampanini ezinkulu ezinokugeleza okukhulu kwezimali (ngendlela, ngokusho kwethu , ngokwesilinganiso, i-48% yezinkampani ezinkulu zaseRussia zihlangabezane nezimo eziphuthumayo ezihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezimali) kanye nohlelo lokuphatha olunamazinga amaningi. Ezinkampanini ezinjalo, akufanelekile ukuzama ukufaka yonke into kudokhumenti eyodwa. Uma inkampani inkulu futhi yakhiwe, uhlelo kufanele lube namazinga amathathu ahlukene:
- izinga lamasu - labaphathi abakhulu;
- izinga le-tactical - labaphathi abaphakathi;
- kanye nezinga lokusebenza - kulabo abathintekayo ngqo kulo mkhakha.
Isibonelo, uma sikhuluma ngokubuyisela ingqalasizinda ehlulekile, khona-ke ezingeni lamasu isinqumo senziwe ukuze kusebenze uhlelo lokubuyisela, ezingeni le-tactical izinqubo zenqubo zingachazwa, futhi ezingeni lokusebenza kunemiyalelo yokugunyazwa okuqondile. izingcezu zemishini.
I-BCP ngaphandle kwesabelomali
Wonke umuntu ubona indawo yakhe yesibopho nokuxhumana nabanye abasebenzi. Ngesikhathi sengozi, wonke umuntu uvula uhlelo, ngokushesha athole ingxenye yakhe futhi ayilandele. Okufanelekile, udinga ukukhumbula ngekhanda ukuthi yimaphi amakhasi okufanele uwavule, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi imizuzu ibala.
6. Ukulingisa
Elinye iphutha lapho udweba uhlelo lwe-BCP: asikho isidingo sokufaka amagama athile, amakheli e-imeyili nolunye ulwazi lokuxhumana ohlelweni. Embhalweni wombhalo ngokwawo, izindima ezingezona ubuntu kuphela okufanele zikhonjiswe, futhi lezi zindima kufanele zinikezwe amagama alabo abanomthwalo wemfanelo wemisebenzi ethile futhi abathintwayo babo kufanele bafakwe ohlwini lwesijobelelo sohlelo.
Kungani?
Namuhla, abantu abaningi bashintsha imisebenzi njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu. Futhi uma ubhala phansi bonke labo abanomthwalo wemfanelo kanye noxhumana nabo embhalweni wepulani, khona-ke kuyodingeka ishintshwe njalo. Futhi ezinkampanini ezinkulu, futhi ikakhulukazi zikahulumeni, lonke ushintsho kunoma yimuphi umbhalo ludinga ithoni yokugunyazwa.
Ingasaphathwa eyokuthi uma kuvela isimo esiphuthumayo futhi kufanele uphumele obala ngohlelo bese ubheka othintana naye ofanele, uzolahlekelwa isikhathi esiyigugu.
I-Life Hack: uma ushintsha uhlelo lokusebenza, ngokuvamile awudingi ngisho nokulugunyaza. Elinye icebiso: ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvuselela ezizenzakalelayo zokuhlela.
7. Ukuntuleka kwenguqulo
Ngokuvamile bakha inguqulo yohlelo 1.0, bese benza zonke izinguquko ngaphandle kwemodi yokuhlela, futhi ngaphandle kokushintsha igama lefayela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuvamile akucaci ukuthi yini eshintshile uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yangaphambilini. Uma kungekho ukuguqulwa, uhlelo luphila impilo yalo, engalandelelwa nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ikhasi lesibili lanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwe-BCP kufanele libonise inguqulo, umbhali wezinguquko, kanye nohlu lwezinguquko ngokwazo.
Akekho ongakwazi ukukuthola
8. Ubani okufanele ngibuze?
Ngokuvamile izinkampani azinaye umuntu onesibopho sohlelo lwe-BCP futhi awukho umnyango ohlukile onesibopho sokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi. Lo mthwalo wemfanelo ohloniphekile wabelwe i-CIO, isekela lakhe, noma ngokomgomo othi "ubhekana nokuvikeleka kolwazi, ngakho nansi i-BCP." Ngenxa yalokho, uhlelo luyathuthukiswa, kuvunyelwane ngalo futhi luvunywe, ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi.
Ubani onesibopho sokugcina uhlelo, ukubuyekeza, nokubukeza ulwazi olukulo? Lokhu angeke kunqunywe. Ukuqasha isisebenzi esihlukile kulokhu kuwukumosha, kodwa ukulayisha omunye walezi ezikhona ngemisebenzi eyengeziwe kungenzeka, yebo, ngoba wonke umuntu manje ulwela ukusebenza kahle: “Ake sifake isibani kuye ukuze akwazi ukugunda ebusuku,” kodwa. kuyadingeka?
Sibheka labo ababhekele i-BCP eminyakeni emibili ngemuva kokudalwa kwayo
Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukwenzeka kanje: kwasungulwa uhlelo futhi lwafakwa ebhokisini elide ukuze limbozwe uthuli. Akekho oyihlolayo noma ogcina ukuhambisana kwayo. Umusho ovame kakhulu engiwuzwayo uma ngifika ekhasimendeni uthi: “Kunesu, kodwa lasungulwa kudala, ukuthi lahlolwa yini akwaziwa, kunezinsolo zokuthi alisebenzi.”
9. Amanzi amaningi kakhulu
Kunezinhlelo lapho isingeniso singamakhasi amahlanu ubude, okuhlanganisa incazelo yezimfuneko kanye nokubonga kubo bonke ababambiqhaza kuphrojekthi, ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi inkampani yenzani. Ngesikhathi uskrolela phansi ekhasini leshumi, lapho kukhona ulwazi oluwusizo, isikhungo sakho sedatha sesivele sigcwele amanzi.
Uma uzama ukufunda kuze kube manje, yini okufanele uyenze uma isikhungo sakho sedatha sigcwele amanzi?
Faka wonke “amanzi” ezinkampani kudokhumenti ehlukile. Uhlelo ngokwalo kufanele lucace kakhulu: umuntu obhekene nalo msebenzi wenza lokhu, njalonjalo.
10. Ngezindleko zikabani idili?
Ngokuvamile, abadali bohlelo abanalo ukwesekwa kwabaphathi abaphezulu benkampani. Kodwa kukhona ukwesekwa okuvela kubaphathi abaphakathi abangaphathi noma abangenaso isabelomali esidingekayo kanye nezinsiza zokuphatha ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi. Isibonelo, umnyango we-IT udala uhlelo lwawo lwe-BCP ngaphakathi kwesabelomali sawo, kodwa i-CIO ayiboni sonke isithombe senkampani. Isibonelo sami engisithandayo inkomfa ngevidiyo. Uma i-videoconferencing ye-CEO ingasebenzi uzoxosha bani? I-CIO "engazange inikeze." Ngakho-ke, ngokombono we-CIO, iyiphi into ebaluleke kakhulu enkampanini? Lokho abantu abahlale “bemthanda” ngakho: inkomfa ngevidiyo, ephenduka ngokushesha ibe uhlelo olubucayi lwebhizinisi. Futhi ngokombono webhizinisi - kahle, akukho VKS, cabanga nje, sizokhuluma ocingweni, njengangaphansi kukaBrezhnev ...
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnyango we-IT uvame ukucabanga ukuthi umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko uma kwenzeka inhlekelele ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-IT zezinkampani. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi awudingi ukwenza lokhu! Uma kukhona inqubo yebhizinisi ngendlela yokuphrinta izingcezu zephepha kuphrinta ebiza kakhulu, akufanele uthenge iphrinta yesibili njenge-spare bese uyibeka eduze kwayo uma kwenzeka ukuphuka. Kungase kube ngokwanele ukufaka imibala okwesikhashana izingcezu zephepha ngesandla.
Uma sakha ukuvikeleka okuqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwe-IT, kufanele sicele ukusekelwa abaphathi abakhulu nabamele ibhizinisi. Uma kungenjalo, ngemuva kokungena ngaphakathi komnyango we-IT, ungaxazulula uhla oluthile lwezinkinga, kodwa hhayi zonke ezidingekayo.
Isimo sibukeka kanjena uma kungumnyango wakwa-IT kuphela onezinhlelo zeDR
10. Akukho ukuhlolwa
Uma kukhona uhlelo, ludinga ukuhlolwa. Kulabo abangawazi kahle amazinga, lokhu akubonakali nhlobo. Isibonelo, unezimpawu "zokuphuma esimweni esiphuthumayo" ezilenga yonke indawo. Kodwa ngitshele, liphi ibhakede lakho lomlilo, ihhuku nefosholo? Iphi into yokucima umlilo? Kufanele sibekwe kuphi isicishamlilo? Kodwa wonke umuntu kufanele akwazi lokhu. Akubonakali kunengqondo neze kithi ukuthola isicishamlilo lapho singena ehhovisi.
Mhlawumbe isidingo sokuhlola uhlelo kufanele sikhululwe ohlelweni ngokwalo, kodwa lesi yisinqumo esiphikisanayo. Kunoma ikuphi, uhlelo lungabhekwa njengolusebenza kuphela uma seluhloliwe okungenani kanye. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngivame ukuzwa: “Kunohlelo, zonke izingqalasizinda ziyalungiswa, kodwa akulona iqiniso ukuthi konke kuzohamba ngendlela ebhalwe ohlelweni. Ngoba abazange bakuhlole. Ungalokothi".
Ekuphethweni
Ezinye izinkampani zingahlaziya umlando wazo ukuze ziqonde ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinkinga ezingase zenzeke nokuthi zingenzeka kangakanani. Ucwaningo nolwazi lusikisela ukuthi asikwazi ukuzivikela kukho konke. Okubi, ngokushesha noma kamuva, kwenzeka kunoma iyiphi inkampani. Enye into ukuthi uzosilungiselela kanjani lesi simo noma isimo esifanayo nokuthi uzokwazi yini ukubuyisela ibhizinisi lakho ngesikhathi.
Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi ukuqhubeka kumayelana nendlela yokuqeda zonke izinhlobo zezingozi ukuze zingenzeki. Cha, iphuzu liwukuthi izingozi zizovela, futhi sizobe sesikulungele lokhu. Amasosha aqeqeshelwa ukuba angacabangi empini, kodwa enze okuthile. Kuyafana ngohlelo lwe-BCP: luzokuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ibhizinisi lakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Imishini kuphela engadingi i-BCP
Igor Tyukachev,
Umeluleki Wokuqhubeka Kwebhizinisi
Isikhungo Sokwakhiwa Kwezinhlelo Zekhompyutha
"Jet Infosystems"
Source: www.habr.com