Namuhla sizoqala ukufunda mayelana OSPF umzila. Lesi sihloko, njengephrothokholi ye-EIGRP, siyisihloko esibaluleke kakhulu kuso sonke isifundo se-CCNA. Njengoba ubona, iSigaba 2.4 sinesihloko esithi “Ukulungiselela, Ukuhlola, kanye Nokuxazulula Inkinga OSPFv2 Indawo Eyodwa kanye Nezindawo Eziningi Ze-IPv4 (Ngaphandle Kokuqinisekisa, Ukuhlunga, Ukufingqwa Komzila, Ukusabalalisa Kabusha, Indawo Ye-Stub, i-VNet, ne-LSA).”
Isihloko se-OSPF sibanzi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuzothatha izifundo ezi-2, mhlawumbe ezi-3 zevidiyo. Isifundo sanamuhla sizogxila ohlangothini lwethiyori lodaba; ngizokutshela ukuthi iyini le protocol ngokwemibandela ejwayelekile nokuthi isebenza kanjani. Kuvidiyo elandelayo, sizodlulela kumodi yokumisa ye-OSPF sisebenzisa i-Packet Tracer.
Ngakho kulesi sifundo sizobe ukumboza izinto ezintathu: iyini OSPF, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, futhi yiziphi izindawo OSPF. Esifundweni esandulele, sithe i-OSPF iyiphrothokholi yomzila ye-Link State ehlola izixhumanisi zokuxhumana phakathi kwama-routers futhi yenze izinqumo ezisekelwe isivinini salezo zixhumanisi. Ishaneli elide elinesivinini esiphezulu, okungukuthi, elinomphumela omningi, lizobekwa kuqala kunomzila omfushane onokusebenza okuncane.
I-RIP protocol, okuyi-prothocol ye-vector yebanga, izokhetha indlela ye-hop eyodwa, noma ngabe lesi sixhumanisi sinejubane eliphansi, futhi umthetho olandelwayo we-OSPF uzokhetha umzila omude wama-hop amaningana uma ingqikithi yejubane kulo mzila ingaphezulu kwe- isivinini sethrafikhi emzileni omfushane.
Sizobheka i-algorithm yesinqumo kamuva, kodwa okwamanje kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi i-OSPF iyi-Link State Protocol. Leli zinga elivulekile ladalwa ngo-1988 ukuze wonke umkhiqizi wemishini yenethiwekhi nanoma yimuphi umhlinzeki wenethiwekhi akwazi ukulisebenzisa. Ngakho-ke i-OSPF idume kakhulu kune-EIGRP.
Inguqulo 2 ye-OSPF yasekela i-IPv4 kuphela, futhi ngemva konyaka, ngo-1989, abathuthukisi bamemezela inguqulo 3, esekela i-IPv6. Nokho, inguqulo yesithathu esebenza ngokugcwele ye-OSPF ye-IPv6 yavela kuphela ngo-2008. Kungani ukhethe i-OSPF? Esifundweni sokugcina, sifunde ukuthi le protocol yesango langaphakathi yenza ukuhlangana komzila ngokushesha kakhulu kune-RIP. Lena iphrothokholi engenaklasi.
Uma ukhumbula, i-RIP iyiphrothokholi esezingeni, okusho ukuthi ayithumeli imininingwane yemaski engaphansi, futhi uma ihlangabezana nekheli le-IP lekilasi A/24, ngeke liyamukele. Isibonelo, uma uyethula ngekheli le-IP elifana ne-10.1.1.0/24, izoyibona njengenethiwekhi engu-10.0.0.0 ngoba ayiqondi uma inethiwekhi ixhunywe ngaphansi kwe-subnet kusetshenziswa imaski ye-subnet engaphezu kweyodwa.
I-OSPF iyiphrothokholi evikelekile. Isibonelo, uma ama-router amabili eshintshana ngolwazi lwe-OSPF, ungamisa ukuqinisekiswa ukuze ukwazi ukwabelana ngolwazi nomzila ongumakhelwane ngemva kokufaka iphasiwedi. Njengoba sesishilo, iyindinganiso evulekile, ngakho-ke i-OSPF isetshenziswa abakhiqizi abaningi bemishini yenethiwekhi.
Ngomqondo womhlaba wonke, i-OSPF iyindlela yokushintshisana nge-Link State Advertisements, noma ama-LSA. Imilayezo ye-LSA ikhiqizwa umzila futhi iqukethe ulwazi oluningi: i-router-id ye-router eyingqayizivele yokuhlonza, idatha emayelana namanethiwekhi aziwa kumzila, idatha mayelana nezindleko zawo, njalonjalo. I-router idinga lonke lolu lwazi ukuze yenze izinqumo zomzila.
I-Router R3 ithumela ulwazi lwayo lwe-LSA kumzila i-R5, futhi i-router R5 yabelana ngolwazi lwayo lwe-LSA ne-R3. Lawa ma-LSA amele uhlaka lwedatha olwakha i-Link State Data Base, noma i-LSDB. Irutha iqoqa wonke ama-LSA atholiwe futhi iwabeke ku-LSDB yayo. Ngemuva kokuthi womabili amarutha edale imininingwane yawo egciniwe, ashintshana ngemiyalezo ethi Sawubona, esebenza ukuthola omakhelwane, futhi aqale inqubo yokuqhathanisa ama-LSDB awo.
I-Router R3 ithumela irutha engu-R5 i-DBD, noma umlayezo “wencazelo yedathabhesi”, bese i-R5 ithumela i-DBD yayo kumzila u-R3. Le miyalezo iqukethe izinkomba ze-LSA ezitholakala kusizindalwazi somzila ngamunye. Ngemva kokuthola i-DBD, u-R3 uthumela isicelo sesimo senethiwekhi ye-LSR ku-R5 ethi “Sengivele nginomyalezo 3,4 no-9, ngakho ngithumelele u-5 no-7 kuphela.”
U-R5 wenza okufanayo, etshela umzila wesithathu: “Nginolwazi 3,4 no-9, ngakho ngithumele u-1 no-2.” Ngemva kokuthola izicelo ze-LSR, amarutha athumela emuva amaphakethe okubuyekeza isimo senethiwekhi ye-LSU, okungukuthi, ephendula i-LSR yayo, umzila wesithathu uthola i-LSU kumzila u-R5. Ngemuva kokuthi amarutha abuyekeze imininingwane yawo yolwazi, wonke, ngisho noma unamarutha ayi-100, azoba nama-LSDB afanayo. Uma imininingwane egciniwe ye-LSDB isidaliwe kumarutha, ngayinye yazo izokwazi ngayo yonke inethiwekhi iyonke. Iphrothokholi ye-OSPF isebenzisa Indlela Emfishane Yokuqala i-algorithm ukuze idale ithebula lokuzulazula, ngakho-ke umbandela obaluleke kakhulu wokusebenza kwayo okulungile ukuthi ama-LSDB awo wonke amadivayisi kunethiwekhi avumelanisiwe.
Kumdwebo ongenhla, kunama-routers angu-9, ngalinye lishintshanisa i-LSR, i-LSU, njalonjalo imilayezo nomakhelwane bayo. Zonke zixhunywe komunye nomunye nge-p2p, noma "i-point-to-point" izixhumanisi ezisekela ukusebenza ngephrothokholi ye-OSPF, futhi ziyasebenzisana ukuze zidale i-LSDB efanayo.
Lapho nje izisekelo sezivumelanisiwe, i-router ngayinye, isebenzisa i-algorithm yendlela emfushane, yakha itafula layo lomzila. Lawa mathebula azohluka kumarutha ahlukene. Okusho ukuthi, wonke ama-routers asebenzisa i-LSDB efanayo, kodwa adala amatafula omzila ngokusekelwe ekucabangeni kwawo mayelana nemizila emifushane kakhulu. Ukuze usebenzise le-algorithm, i-OSPF idinga ukubuyekeza njalo i-LSDB.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze i-OSPF isebenze ngokwayo, kufanele iqale inikeze izimo ezi-3: thola omakhelwane, dala futhi ubuyekeze i-LSDB, futhi wenze itafula lomzila. Ukuze agcwalise umbandela wokuqala, umlawuli wenethiwekhi angase adinge ukumisa mathupha i-id yomzila, izikhathi, noma imaski ye-wildcard. Kuvidiyo elandelayo sizobheka ukusetha idivayisi ukuze isebenze ne-OSPF, okwamanje kufanele wazi ukuthi le protocol isebenzisa imaski ehlanekezelwe, futhi uma ingahambisani, uma ama-subnets akho engafani, noma ukuqinisekiswa akuhambisani. , indawo yamarutha ngeke ikwazi ukwakha. Ngakho-ke, lapho uxazulula izinkinga ze-OSPF, kufanele uthole ukuthi kungani le ndawo ingakhiwanga, okungukuthi, hlola ukuthi imingcele engenhla iyahambisana.
Njengomlawuli wenethiwekhi, awubandakanyi kunqubo yokudala i-LSDB. Imininingo egciniwe ibuyekezwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokudala indawo yamarutha, njengokwakhiwa kwamatafula omzila. Konke lokhu kwenziwa yidivayisi ngokwayo, elungiselelwe ukusebenza nephrothokholi ye-OSPF.
Ake sibheke isibonelo. Sinamarutha angu-2, enginikeze kuwo ama-RID 1.1.1.1 kanye no-2.2.2.2 ukuze kube lula. Ngokushesha nje lapho sizixhuma, isiteshi sokuxhumanisa sizoya ngokushesha ku-up state, ngoba ngiqale ngalungisa lawa ma-routers ukuze asebenze ne-OSPF. Lapho nje isiteshi sokuxhumana senziwe, irutha A izothumela ngokushesha iphakethe elithi Hello kurutha A. Leli phakethe lizoqukatha ulwazi ukuthi le router "ayikaboni" noma ubani kulesi siteshi, ngoba ithumela i-Hello okokuqala ngqa, kanye nesihlonzi sayo, idatha mayelana nenethiwekhi exhunywe kuyo, nolunye ulwazi engalukwazi. ukwabelana nomakhelwane.
Ngemva kokuthola leli phakethe, i-router B izothi: "Ngiyabona ukuthi kukhona umuntu ongase abe umakhelwane we-OSPF kulesi siteshi sokuxhumana" futhi uzongena ku-Init state. Iphakethe le-Hello aliwona umlayezo we-unicast noma osakazwayo, liyiphakethe le-multicast elithunyelwe ekhelini le-IP le-OSPF le-multicast 224.0.0.5. Abanye abantu babuza ukuthi iyini imaski ye-subnet ye-multicast. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-multicast ayinayo imaski ye-subnet; isakazeka njengesignali yomsakazo, ezwakala yiwo wonke amadivaysi acushwe kuma-frequency ayo. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukuzwa umsakazo we-FM usakaza ku-frequency 91,0, ushuna umsakazo wakho kuleyo frikhwensi.
Ngendlela efanayo, irutha B ilungiselelwe ukuthola imilayezo yekheli le-multicast 224.0.0.5. Ngenkathi ilalele lesi siteshi, ithola iphakethe elithi Hello elithunyelwe yi-Router A futhi iphendula ngomlayezo wayo.
Kulesi simo, indawo ingasungulwa kuphela uma impendulo ethi B yenelisa isethi yemibandela. Umbandela wokuqala ukuthi imvamisa yokuthumela imilayezo ka-Sawubona kanye nesikhathi sokulinda sempendulo kulo mlayezo Isikhawu Esifile kufanele kufane kuwo womabili amarutha. Ngokuvamile i-Dead Interval ilingana namanani amaningana esibali sikhathi se-Hello. Ngakho-ke, uma i-Hello Timer ye-router A ingu-10 s, futhi i-router B iyithumela umlayezo ngemva kwe-30 s, kuyilapho i-Dead Interval ingama-20 s, ukusondelana ngeke kwenzeke.
Umbandela wesibili ukuthi womabili amarutha kumele asebenzise uhlobo olufanayo lokuqinisekisa. Ngokufanelekile, amaphasiwedi okuqinisekisa kumele nawo afane.
Umbandela wesithathu ukufana kwezihlonzi zezoni ye-Arial ID, okwesine ukufana kobude besiqalo senethiwekhi. Uma Umzila A ubika isiqalo /24, khona-ke Umzila B kufanele ube nesiqalo senethiwekhi /24. Kuvidiyo elandelayo sizobheka lokhu ngokuningiliziwe, okwamanje ngizoqaphela ukuthi lokhu akuyona imaski ye-subnet, lapha ama-routers asebenzisa imaski ye-Wildcard ehlanekezelwe. Futhi-ke, amafulegi endawo ye-Stub kufanele afane uma amarutha akule ndawo.
Ngemva kokuhlola lezi zindlela zokunquma, uma zifana, irutha B ithumela iphakethe layo elithi Hello kurutha A. Ngokungafani nomlayezo ka-A, I-Router B ibika ukuthi ibone I-Router A futhi yazethula.
Ephendula lo mlayezo, i-router A iphinde ithumele i-Hello ku-router B, lapho iqinisekisa khona ukuthi iphinde yabona i-router B, isiteshi sokuxhumana phakathi kwayo siqukethe amadivayisi 1.1.1.1 kanye no-2.2.2.2, futhi yona ngokwayo iyidivayisi 1.1.1.1 . Lesi yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokusungulwa komakhelwane. Kulokhu, ukuxhumana kwe-2-WAY kusetshenziswe izindlela ezimbili, kodwa kwenzekani uma sineswishi enenethiwekhi esabalalisiwe yamarutha angu-4? Endaweni “eyabiwe” enjalo, enye yamarutha kufanele idlale indima ye-Designated router DR, kanti eyesibili kufanele idlale indima Ye-Backup router ekhethiwe, i-BDR.
Ngayinye yalezi zisetshenziswa izokwakha ukuxhumana okugcwele, noma isimo sokuhlangana okuphelele, kamuva sizobheka ukuthi kuyini lokhu, noma kunjalo, ukuxhumana kwalolu hlobo kuzosungulwa kuphela nge-DR ne-BDR; amarutha amabili aphansi D no-B azosungulwa. zisaxhumana kusetshenziswa uhlelo lokuxhuma lwezindlela ezimbili "point-to-point".
Okusho ukuthi, nge-DR ne-BDR, wonke ama-routers asungula ubuhlobo obugcwele bomakhelwane, futhi omunye nomunye - uxhumano lwephuzu-kuya-iphuzu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ngesikhathi sokuxhumana okubili phakathi kwamadivayisi aseduze, wonke amapharamitha wephakethe le-Hello kufanele afane. Esimweni sethu, konke kuyafana, ngakho-ke amadivaysi akha indawo ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Lapho nje ukuxhumana kwezindlela ezimbili sekusungulwe, irutha A ithumela irutha B iphakethe Lencazelo Yedathabhesi, noma “incazelo yesizindalwazi”, bese ingena kusimo se-ExStart - ukuqala kokuhwebelana, noma ukulinda ukulayishwa. I-Database Descriptor iwulwazi olufana nethebula lokuqukethwe kwencwadi - iwuhlu lwayo yonke into ekusizindalwazi somzila. Ukuphendula, I-Router B ithumela incazelo yayo yesizindalwazi ku-Router A futhi ingena esimweni sokuxhumana sesiteshi Sokushintshaniswa. Uma kusimo se-Exchange irutha ithola ukuthi olunye ulwazi alukho kusizindalwazi sayo, izongena kusimo sokulayishwa kwe-LOADING bese iqala ukushintshanisa imilayezo ye-LSR, LSU kanye ne-LSA nomakhelwane wayo.
Ngakho-ke, i-router A izothumela i-LSR kumakhelwane wayo, ozophendula ngephakethe le-LSU, lapho i-router A izophendula ku-router B ngomlayezo we-LSA. Lokhu kushintshana kuzokwenzeka izikhathi eziningi njengoba idivayisi ifuna ukushintshanisa imilayezo ye-LSA. Isimo sokulayishwa sisho ukuthi ukubuyekezwa okugcwele kwesizindalwazi se-LSA akukenzeki. Uma yonke idatha isilandiwe, womabili amadivayisi azongena esimweni ESIGCWELE sokuseduze.
Qaphela ukuthi ngoxhumano lwezindlela ezimbili, amadivaysi asesimweni esiseduze, futhi isimo sokuseduze esigcwele singenzeka kuphela phakathi kwamarutha, i-DR ne-BDR. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzila ngamunye wazisa i-DR mayelana nezinguquko kunethiwekhi, nawo wonke amarutha. funda ngalezi zinguquko ku-DR
Ukukhethwa kwe-DR ne-BDR kuyindaba ebalulekile. Ake sibheke ukuthi i-DR ikhethwa kanjani endaweni ejwayelekile. Ake sicabange ukuthi uhlelo lwethu lunamarutha amathathu kanye neswishi. Amadivayisi we-OSPF aqale aqhathanise okubalulekile emilayezweni ethi Sawubona, bese uqhathanisa ne-ID Yomzila.
Idivayisi ebaluleke kakhulu iba yiDR
Idivayisi enokubaluleka kwesibili okuphezulu kakhulu noma i-ID Yomzila wesibili ephakeme iba i-router ezinikele eyisipele i-BDR. Uma i-DR ihluleka, ngokushesha izothathelwa indawo yi-BDR. Izoqala ukudlala indima ye-DR, futhi isistimu izokhetha enye. I-BDR
Ngithemba ukuthi usutholile ukukhetha kwe-DR ne-BDR, uma kungenjalo, ngizobuyela kulolu daba kwelinye lamavidiyo alandelayo futhi ngichaze le nqubo.
Kuze kube manje sibheke ukuthi Sawubona uyini, Isichazisi Sedathabhe, kanye nemilayezo ye-LSR, LSU, kanye ne-LSA. Ngaphambi kokudlulela esihlokweni esilandelayo, ake sikhulume kancane ngezindleko ze-OSPF.
Kwa-Cisco, izindleko zomzila zibalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula yesilinganiso somkhawulokudonsa we-Reference, osethelwe ku-100 Mbit/s ngokuzenzakalelayo, ezindlekweni zesiteshi. Isibonelo, lapho uxhuma amadivayisi ngembobo ye-serial, isivinini singu-1.544 Mbps, futhi izindleko zizoba ngu-64. Uma usebenzisa uxhumano lwe-Ethernet ngesivinini esingu-10 Mbps, izindleko zizoba ngu-10, kanye nezindleko zokuxhuma kwe-FastEthernet nge. isivinini esingu-100 Mbps sizoba ngu-1.
Uma usebenzisa i-Gigabit Ethernet sinesivinini esingu-1000 Mbps, kodwa kulokhu isivinini sihlala sicatshangwa ukuthi singu-1. Ngakho, uma une-Gigabit Ethernet kunethiwekhi yakho, kufanele ushintshe inani elizenzakalelayo le-Ref. BW ngo-1000. Kulokhu, izindleko zizoba ngu-1, futhi lonke ithebula lizobalwa kabusha ngamavelu ezindleko akhula izikhathi ezingu-10. Uma sesenze i-adjacency futhi sakha i-LSDB, siqhubekela phambili ekwakheni itafula lomzila.
Ngemva kokuthola i-LSDB, umzila ngamunye ngokuzimela uqala ukukhiqiza uhlu lwemizila usebenzisa i-algorithm ye-SPF. Kuhlelo lwethu, i-router A izozenzela itafula elinjalo. Isibonelo, ibala izindleko zomzila A-R1 bese inquma ukuthi u-10. Ukuze wenze umdwebo uqondeke kalula, ake sithi umzila A unquma umzila ophelele oya kumzila B. Izindleko zesixhumanisi A-R1 ziyi-10 , isixhumanisi A-R2 siyi-100, futhi izindleko zomzila A-R3 zilingana no-11, okungukuthi, isamba somzila A-R1(10) no-R1-R3(1).
Uma irutha A ifuna ukufika kumzila u-R4, ingakwenza lokhu phakathi komzila A-R1-R4 noma umzila A-R2-R4, futhi kuzo zombili izimo izindleko zemizila zizofana: 10+100. =100+10=110. Umzila A-R6 uzobiza u-100+1= 101, osengcono kakade. Okulandelayo, sibheka indlela eya ku-router R5 egudle umzila A-R1-R3-R5, izindleko zayo zizoba ngu-10+1+100 = 111.
Indlela eya ku-router R7 ingabekwa ngezindlela ezimbili: A-R1-R4-R7 noma A-R2-R6-R7. Izindleko zokuqala zizoba ngu-210, okwesibili - 201, okusho ukuthi kufanele ukhethe 201. Ngakho, ukuze ufinyelele i-router B, i-router A ingasebenzisa imizila engu-4.
Izindleko zomzila A-R1-R3-R5-B zizoba ngu-121. Umzila A-R1-R4-R7-B uzobiza u-220. Umzila A-R2-R4-R7-B uzobiza u-210, futhi A-R2- I-R6-R7- B inezindleko ezingu-211. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, umzila A uzokhetha umzila onezindleko eziphansi, ezilingana no-121, futhi uwubeke etafuleni lomzila. Lona umdwebo owenziwe lula kakhulu wokuthi i-algorithm ye-SPF isebenza kanjani. Eqinisweni, ithebula aliqukethe kuphela ukuqokwa kwama-routers lapho umzila olungile uhamba khona, kodwa futhi nokuqokwa kwamachweba axhumanisa nawo kanye nalo lonke olunye ulwazi oludingekayo.
Ake sibheke esinye isihloko esiphathelene nezindawo zomzila. Imvamisa, lapho usetha amadivaysi e-OSPF enkampani, wonke atholakala endaweni eyodwa.
Kwenzekani uma idivayisi exhunywe kumzila we-R3 ihluleka kungazelelwe? I-Router R3 izoqala ngokushesha ukuthumela umlayezo kumarutha u-R5 no-R1 wokuthi isiteshi esinale divayisi asisasebenzi, futhi wonke amarutha azoqala ukushintshana ngezibuyekezo mayelana nalo mcimbi.
Uma unamarutha ayi-100, wonke azobuyekeza imininingwane yesimo sesixhumanisi ngoba asendaweni efanayo. Kuzokwenzeka okufanayo uma enye yama-routers angomakhelwane ihluleka - wonke amadivayisi endaweni azoshintshanisa izibuyekezo ze-LSA. Ngemuva kokushintshaniswa kwemilayezo enjalo, i-topology yenethiwekhi ngokwayo izoshintsha. Uma lokhu sekwenzekile, i-SPF izobala kabusha amathebula omzila ngokwezimo ezishintshile. Lena inqubo enkulu kakhulu, futhi uma unamadivayisi ayinkulungwane endaweni eyodwa, udinga ukulawula usayizi wenkumbulo yamarutha ukuze anele ukugcina wonke ama-LSA kanye nesizindalwazi esikhulu se-LSDB sesizindalwazi. Lapho nje izinguquko zenzeka engxenyeni ethile yendawo, i-algorithm ye-SPF ngokushesha ibala kabusha imizila. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-LSA ibuyekezwa njalo ngemizuzu engama-30. Le nqubo ayenzeki kuwo wonke amadivayisi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa kunoma yikuphi, izibuyekezo zenziwa yi-router ngayinye njalo ngemizuzu engama-30. Amadivayisi enethiwekhi ayanda. Imemori eyengeziwe nesikhathi esidingekayo ukuze ubuyekeze i-LSDB.
Le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngokuhlukanisa indawo eyodwa evamile ezindaweni eziningana ezihlukene, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisa i-multizoning. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ube nohlelo noma umdwebo wayo yonke inethiwekhi oyiphethe. INDAWO engu-0 yindawo yakho Eyinhloko. Lena indawo lapho uxhumano lwenethiwekhi yangaphandle lwenziwa khona, isibonelo, ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi. Lapho udala izindawo ezintsha, kufanele ulandele umthetho: indawo ngayinye kufanele ibe ne-ABR eyodwa, i-Area Border Router. Irutha enqenqemeni inokuxhumana okukodwa endaweni eyodwa kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sesibili kwenye indawo. Isibonelo, irutha ye-R5 inokuxhumana kuzone 1 kanye nezone 0. Njengoba ngishilo, indawo ngayinye kufanele ixhunywe ku-zone zero, okungukuthi, ibe nomzila onqenqemeni, okunye okuxhunywe kuyo ku-AREA 0.
Ake sicabange ukuthi uxhumano lwe-R6-R7 lwehlulekile. Kulokhu, isibuyekezo se-LSA sizosabalalisa kuphela nge-AREA 1 futhi sizothinta le ndawo kuphela. Amadivayisi aku-zone 2 kanye nendawo 0 ngeke aze azi ngakho. Irutha ye-Edge R5 ifingqa ulwazi ngokwenzekayo endaweni yayo futhi ithumela ulwazi olufingqiwe mayelana nesimo senethiwekhi endaweni enkulu INDAWO 0. Amadivayisi akuzoni eyodwa akudingeki aqaphele zonke izinguquko ze-LSA kwamanye amazoni ngoba irutha ye-ABR izodlulisela ulwazi olufinyeziwe lomzila ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye.
Uma ungacacile ngokuphelele kumqondo wezindawo, ungafunda okwengeziwe ezifundweni ezilandelayo lapho singena ekulungiseleleni umzila we-OSPF futhi sibheke izibonelo ezithile.
Siyabonga ngokuhlala nathi. Uyazithanda izindatshana zethu? Ufuna ukubona okuqukethwe okuthakaselayo okwengeziwe? Sisekele ngokufaka i-oda noma ngokuncoma kubangani, Isaphulelo sika-30% sabasebenzisi be-Habr ku-analogue ehlukile yamaseva eleveli yokungena, esungulwe yithi ngenxa yakho: (itholakala nge-RAID1 kanye ne-RAID10, kufika kuma-cores angu-24 kuze kufike ku-40GB DDR4).
I-Dell R730xd ishibhile izikhathi ezi-2? Lapha kuphela eNetherlands! I-Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - isuka ku-$99! Funda mayelana
Source: www.habr.com