Lesi isicaphuna esivela komunye wabangane bami owake wangibuza ngombuzo mayelana ne-Postgres. Sabe sesixazulula inkinga yakhe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa futhi, engibonga, wanezela: “Kuhle ukuba ne-DBA ejwayelekile.”
Kodwa yini okufanele uyenze uma ungayazi i-DBA? Kungaba nezinketho eziningi zokuphendula, kusukela ekufuneni abangane phakathi kwabangane kuya ekuzifundeleni wena umbuzo. Kodwa noma ngabe iyiphi impendulo efika engqondweni yakho, ngikuphathele izindaba ezinhle. Kumodi yokuhlola, sethule isevisi yokuncoma ye-Postgres nayo yonke into ezungezile. Kuyini lokhu futhi kwenzeka kanjani ukuba siphile kanje?
Kungani konke lokhu?
I-Postgres okungenani ayilula, futhi ngezinye izikhathi inzima kakhulu. Kuya ngezinga lokubandakanyeka kanye nesibopho.
Labo abasebenza emisebenzini kudingeka baqinisekise ukuthi i-Postgres njengesevisi isebenza kahle futhi ngokuzinza - ukuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, ukutholakala, ukufaneleka kokucushwa, ukwenza izibuyekezo ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokuhlolwa kwezempilo okuvamile. Labo abasathuthuka futhi ababhala izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngokwemibandela evamile, badinga ukuqapha ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenzisana kanjani nesizindalwazi nokuthi asidali izimo eziphuthumayo ezingase zehlise isizindalwazi. Uma umuntu engenanhlanhla yokuba umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe / umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke kubalulekile kuye ukuthi i-Postgres iyonke isebenze ngokuthembekile, ngokubikezela futhi ayidali izinkinga, kuyilapho kuhle ukuthi angacwili ajule ku-Postgres isikhathi eside. .
Kunoma iyiphi yalezi zimo, kukhona wena kanye Postgres. Ukuze usebenze kahle i-Postgres, udinga ukuyiqonda kahle futhi uqonde ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Uma i-Postgres ingeyona ubuchwepheshe obuqondile, ungachitha isikhathi esiningi uyifunda. Ngokufanelekile, uma kunesikhathi nesifiso, akucaci ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ungaqala kuphi, kanjani futhi kuphi.
Ngisho noma ukuqapha kwethulwa, okumele kube lula ukusebenza, indaba yolwazi lochwepheshe ihlala ivulekile. Ukuze ukwazi ukufunda nokuqonda amagrafu, usadinga ukuqonda kahle ukuthi i-Postgres isebenza kanjani. Uma kungenjalo, noma yikuphi ukugada kuphenduka izithombe ezidabukisayo kanye nogaxekile ovela ezixwayiso ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku.
kwenziwe nje ukwenza i-Postgres ibe lula ukuyisebenzisa. Isevisi iqoqa futhi ihlaziye idatha mayelana ne-Postgres futhi yenza izincomo ngalokho okungathuthukiswa.
Umgomo oyinhloko wenkonzo ukunikeza izincomo ezicacile ezinikeza umbono walokho okwenzekayo nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe ngokulandelayo.
Kochwepheshe abangenalo ulwazi lochwepheshe, izincomo zinikeza isiqalo sokuqeqeshwa okuthuthukisiwe. Kochwepheshe abathuthukile, izincomo zibonisa amaphuzu okufanele anakwe. Mayelana nalokhu, i-Weaponry isebenza njengomsizi owenza imisebenzi evamile ukuthola izinkinga noma ukushiyeka okudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Izikhali zingafaniswa ne-linter ehlola ama-Postgres futhi iveze amaphutha.
Izinto zinjani manje?
Okwamanje ikumodi yokuhlola futhi mahhala, ukubhaliswa kukhawulelwe okwesikhashana. Ngokuhlanganyela namavolontiya ambalwa, siphothula injini yezincomo ezindaweni eziseduze zokulwa, sihlonza amaphuzu angamanga futhi sisebenzela umbhalo wezincomo.
Ngendlela, izincomo zisaqondile - zivele zisho ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze nokuthi ungayenza kanjani, ngaphandle kwemininingwane eyengeziwe - ngakho-ke ekuqaleni kuzodingeka ulandele izixhumanisi ezihlobene noma i-Google it. Amasheke nezincomo amboza isistimu nezilungiselelo zehadiwe, izilungiselelo ze-Postgres uqobo, i-schema yangaphakathi, nezinsiza ezisetshenzisiwe. Ziseziningi izinto ezisadinga ukwengezwa ezinhlelweni.
Futhi kunjalo, sifuna amavolontiya alungele ukuzama insiza futhi anikeze impendulo. Siphinde sibe nakho , ungangena ubheke. Uma uqonda ukuthi uyakudinga lokhu futhi usulungele ukuzama, vele usibhalele ku .
Kubuyekezwe 2020-09-16. Ukuqalisa.
Ngemuva kokubhalisa, umsebenzisi uyalwa ukuthi enze iphrojekthi - ekuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise izimo zesizindalwazi zibe ngamaqembu. Ngemva kokudala iphrojekthi, umsebenzisi uqondiswa emiyalweni yokulungisa nokufaka i-ejenti. Kafushane, udinga ukudala abasebenzisi be-ejenti, bese ulanda iskripthi sokufaka i-ejenti bese usiqhuba. Emiyalweni yegobolondo kubukeka kanjena:
psql -c "CREATE ROLE pgscv WITH LOGIN SUPERUSER PASSWORD 'A7H8Wz6XFMh21pwA'"
export PGSCV_PG_PASSWORD=A7H8Wz6XFMh21pwA
curl -s https://dist.weaponry.io/pgscv/install.sh |sudo -E sh -s - 1 6ada7a04-a798-4415-9427-da23f72c14a5Uma umsingathi ene-pgbouncer, uzodinga futhi ukuthi udale umsebenzisi ukuze uxhume i-ejenti. Indlela eqondile yokumisa umsebenzisi ku-pgbouncer ingahluka kakhulu futhi incike kakhulu ekucushweni okusetshenzisiwe. Ngokujwayelekile, ukusetha kuyehla ekungezeni umsebenzisi kukho izibalo_abasebenzisi ifayela lokumisa (imvamisa pgbouncer.ini) nokubhala iphasiwedi (noma i-hashi yayo) efayeleni elishiwo kupharamitha auth_file. Uma ushintsha stats_users, uzodinga ukuqala kabusha i-pgbouncer.
Iskripthi se-install.sh sithatha ama-agumenti ambalwa adingekayo ahlukile kuphrojekthi ngayinye, futhi ngokuhlukahluka kwendawo samukela imininingwane yabasebenzisi abadaliwe. Okulandelayo, iskripthi siqala i-ejenti kumodi ye-bootstrap - i-ejenti ikopisha yona ku-PATH, idale ukucushwa ngemininingwane, iyunithi ye-systemd futhi iqala njengesevisi ye-systemd.
Lokhu kuqeda ukufaka. Emizuzwini embalwa, isibonelo sesizindalwazi sizovela ohlwini lwabasingathi kusixhumi esibonakalayo futhi usungakwazi kakade ukubheka izincomo zokuqala. Kodwa iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi izincomo eziningi zidinga inani elikhulu lamamethrikhi aqoqiwe (okungenani ngosuku).
Source: www.habr.com