В Ngithinte isihloko esithi “dacha” I-inthanethi namadivayisi okuthola le inthanethi. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onombhoshongo wenethiwekhi yeselula emehlweni, futhi i-modem-whistle evela ku-opharetha weselula ingase ingabi namsebenzi. Futhi lapha amarutha akhethekile, ama-amplifiers kanye nezinti eziqondisayo ziyasiza. Kulesi sihloko ngizokutshela ukuthi ungafinyelela kanjani izinga lokunethezeka kwi-Intanethi eliqhathaniswa nalelo edolobheni.
Okokuqala, ake sidlule phezu kwezinhlobo zezimpondo ezisetshenziswa ukuhlela ukuxhumana ngomsakazo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu kanye nokuguqulwa kwazo okuhlukahlukene.
Isiteshi samagagasi noma i-YAGI
Izinzuzo: ukukhiqiza kalula, izindleko eziphansi
I-Cons: ayibambi kahle isignali ebonisiwe, ingaphansi kokuguqulwa (uma kungenjalo ku-casing evikelayo)
Izinhlelo zokusebenza: Ikakhulukazi ukuxhumana kwemigqa egxilile ebangeni lefrikhwensi elincane kakhulu
Izinti eziyindilinga noma ze-OMNI
Buhle: beka ukhohlwe
Ukungalungi: isici esincane sokubuyisela ukushisa ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezisetshenzisiwe, ukuvala umsindo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi
Izinto zokusetshenziswa: ngokuvamile, i-antenna eyindilinga isetshenziselwa ukusatshalaliswa kwesignali, hhayi ukwamukela. Okuhlukile yizinto ezihambayo - izimoto, izikebhe. Noma uma ingekho indlela yokubamba isignali (izindawo zasemadolobheni eziminyene, amasignali amaningana ahlukene azungezile)
Izimpondo zephaneli
Izinzuzo: ivolumu encane esikhaleni, indawo enkulu yokwamukela isignali (ikakhulukazi iwusizo lapho isignali isemaphethelweni noma ibonakala kusukela kunqwaba yezindawo). Ukwehlukahlukana okukhulu kokusebenza, kokubili ngobuningi nangokuya ngezimpawu zenzuzo namaphethini emisebe
Cons: intengo, windage enkulu
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo: kusuka ezintini zomqhubi kuya emikhiqizweni eyenziwe ekhaya, izimpondo zivame ukutholakala ngqo ebhodini.
Lapho ngiqala ukufuna izixazululo zokuthuthukisa isivinini se-inthanethi, ngakhuluma nochwepheshe abaningi. Ngenxa yalokho, sinohlu olufushane lwezinto okufanele nakanjani uzinake:
0. Khumbula i-physics yesikole mayelana namagagasi futhi uqondiswe ngokunengqondo
1. Ngaphambi kokuthi ulinganise futhi uqinise noma yini, udinga ukukala isivinini se-Inthanethi ekuseni kakhulu, emini, ngesikhathi sokuqala kusihlwa (cishe amahora angu-20), ebusuku kakhulu. Uma ukushintshashintsha kungaphezu kuka-30%, kusho ukuthi isiteshi esiyisisekelo silayishiwe. Ukusesha kuphela i-BS engalayishiwe kancane kuzoyilungisa. Futhi lokho akulona iqiniso.
2. Cabangela ngokucophelela izixazululo ezingase zibe khona - okuhle nokubi kuyikhadinali
3. Ungabi nomhobholo. Yebo, izindleko zokuqala zibonakala ziphakeme kakhulu. Lapha isimiso sokuthi "okudingekile nokwanele" sifika ekhanda letafula.
4. Ungabambeki kumadivayisi akhiyiwe. Izinhlelo zingabhalwa ngokugwegwile, omunye u-opharetha angase aqale ukusebenza kangcono kunalowo okhethiwe. Ngakho-ke, okwangempela kuphela noma okuvuliwe + isofthiwe yoqobo
5. Ukuphelela. Kuyafaneleka ukuhlola bonke opharetha - omunye wabo angaletha isimangaliso (kwakukhona izimo lapho i-Megafon ne-MTS ilayishwe ngokuphelele, futhi uBeeline wanikeza ngokuthula 15+ Mbits ngokulanda ngakunye).
6. Ukubekezela. Ukufaka uhlelo akuyona indaba yemizuzu emithathu, ikakhulukazi uma ungakwenzi nsuku zonke. Idigri ngayinye, isentimitha ngalinye phezulu/phansi lingenza umehluko wamamegabhithi ambalwa. Onjiniyela abanolwazi babamba i-antenna ngokuqinile lapho beqinisa izinto zokubopha - ngaphandle kwalokho isiqondiso singase silahleke kancane, okuzothinta kabi isivinini.
7. Uma ungathemba uchwepheshe, kungcono ukwethemba uchwepheshe. Ungakwazi ukukhubeka lapho uhlanganisa ukuhambisana kwemishini (isofthiwe, amandla kagesi, izixhumi, njll.); ungenza amaphutha lapho uhlanganisa ikhebula, ukhetha imisila yengulube yamamodemu, noma uqondanisa uthi.
8. Isikhathi. Ukusuka nokuya kungathatha usuku olulodwa ukuya evikini lesikhathi
Ngemva kokuzigcwalisa ngethiyori, ngaqala ukuzilolonga. Izimo zimi kanje: umbhoshongo oseduze onokusekelwa kwe-LTE utholakala emgqeni oqondile kude no-3-4 km, kodwa indlela yesignali ivinjelwe izihlahla. Futhi uma ebusika ukungabikho kwamahlamvu kunomphumela omuhle esignali, khona-ke ehlobo, ikhwalithi yokuxhumana yehla ngokuphawulekayo, futhi angifuni ukuphakamisa insika nge-antenna futhi ngibhekane nenduku yombani okwamanje. Azikho ezinye izithiyo ngaphandle kwezihlahla endleleni yesignali. Ibhande lehlathi lifushane, cishe amamitha ayi-100.
Ukubuka kwe-BS
Isinyathelo sami sokuqala endleleni eya ku-inthanethi enhle kwakuyi-antenna
I-TTX:
Inguqulo ye-Antenna: Ngasendlini
Uhlobo lwe-antenna: isiteshi segagasi
Izindinganiso zokuxhumana ezisekelwe: LTE, HSPA, HSPA+
Amafrikhwensi okusebenza, i-MHz: 790-2700
Inzuzo, ubuningi., dBi: 11
Isilinganiso segagasi lokuma kwe-voltage, singekho ngaphezu: 1.25
I-impedance yesici, Ohm: 50
Ubukhulu buhlanganisiwe (ngaphandle kweyunithi yokubopha), mm: 160x150x150
Isisindo, akukho ngaphezulu, kg: 0.6
Isithombe se-antenna kusuka ngaphakathi
Inkampani ekhiqizayo itholakala eSaratov futhi inikeza uhla olubanzi lwamadivayisi. Ngikhangwe uhla olubanzi lwamaza okusebenza, ukusekelwa kwe-3G4G kanye nokuba khona kwezimpondo ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa, obekufanele irutha yami yeHuawei E5372. Ukuba nesiqondiso esicacile, ungasibeka efasiteleni, usiqondise ku-BS futhi ujabulele uxhumano. Mangisho ukuthi ukwamukela kuye kwaba nokuzethemba okuphawulekayo, futhi izinga lesignali liphakeme. Umphumela ozuziwe: i-3G yamukelwa kahle, i-4G yamukelwa futhi kukhona ngisho nokuxhumana, kodwa isignali yokwamukela iphansi kakhulu. Ifanele ukusebenza kuphela ku-3G noma ngenkathi kungekho amahlamvu ezihlahleni. Angizange futhi nganeliseke ngokuntuleka kwesixhumi se-Ethernet, njengoba bekunesidingo sokuxhuma ifoni yehadiwe ye-VoIP.
Izinzuzo: i-compact, inekhebula le-USB lokuxhuma amamodemu e-USB, izinga elihle lokuzuza, eliqondisayo
Ububi: Idinga ukufakwa eduze kwefasitela, inzuzo ayihambisani naleyo emenyezelwe.
Inani: 1590 ruble + router 5700 (Huawei E5372)
I-TTX:
Inguqulo ye-antenna: ngaphandle
Uhlobo lwe-antenna: iphaneli
Amazinga okuxhumana asekelwe: LTE, WCDMA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA
Amafrikhwensi okusebenza, i-MHz: 1700-2700
Ukuzuza, ubuningi., dBi: 15-18
Isilinganiso segagasi lokuma kwe-voltage, singekho ngaphezu: 1,5
I-impedance yesici, Ohm: 50
Ubukhulu obuhlanganisiwe (ngaphandle kweyunithi yokubopha), mm: 450х450х60
Isisindo, hhayi ngaphezulu, kg: 3,2 kg
Isithombe se-antenna
Lokhu akulona i-antenna, kodwa iphupho. Lapho ngibona ibhokisi, ngacabanga ukuthi kwakuyi-pizza enkulu kakhulu; lapho ngiliphakamisa, ngabona ukuthi nalo lalisinda kakhulu. Izindlu ezivaliwe ze-antenna eyisikwele ezinohlangothi lwamasentimitha angama-45 zenziwe ngepulasitiki emelana ne-ultraviolet. I-antenna idinga ukukhwezwa kunsika futhi inyakaze ibheke phezulu, kanye nokushintsha i-engeli ye-polarization ngamadigri angu-45 - konke ngokukhweza okujwayelekile. Njengoba ukuvunguza kwe-antenna enjalo kubi kakhulu, futhi isisindo sidlula ama-3 kg, izinsimbi ziyamangalisa. I-antenna isebenza kunethiwekhi ye-3G ne-4G ngokusekelwa kwe-MIMO. Ubukhulu obujulile bukwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola isici sokuzuza esizwakalayo, okusho ukuxhumana okuzinzile. Ngizobhala ngejubane elingezansi, ngiqhathanise amasethi amabili agcine esezandleni zami. Le antenna ingisebenzela kanye nerutha ye-Zyxel Keenetic LTE. Sekukonke, ngijabule kakhulu ngedivayisi.
Izinzuzo: Ukuzuza okuphezulu, ukukhweza okulula, umklamo wangaphandle ovaliwe
Cons: isisindo esinzima, umoya ophezulu
Inani: 4200 ruble + router 7000 ruble (Zyxel Keenetic LTE) (le ntengo ayifaki imihlangano yekhebula. Ngithathe umhlangano wekhebula )+2400 RUR
I-Zyxel LTE 6101 vs Zyxel Keenetic LTE+3G/4G OMEGA MIMO
I-Zyxel LTE 6101
Njengoba ngibe nethuba lokuqhathanisa amasethi amabili emishini, eyodwa ezihlangene futhi eyesibili isilungile, bengifuna ukuqonda ukuthi kwakufanele yini ukukhokha ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25 ngomshini owenziwe ngomumo weZyxel LTE 6101 noma ukuchitha isikhathi esincane futhi. umzamo wokuhlanganisa isethi ye-router, izintambo nama-antenna ngokwakho ngama-ruble angu-11200.
Ngiqaqe iyunithi yangaphandle ye-Zyxel LTE 6101, equkethe imodemu ye-LTE enothi. Lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi unciphise ubude bezintambo ukusuka ku-antenna kuya kumodemu, futhi ngenxa yalokho unciphise ukulahleka kwesignali kukhebula. Iyunithi yangaphandle ivalwe ngokwezinga le-IP65 futhi ingakwazi ukumelana nemvula enamandla, ngenxa yama-gasket enjoloba kuwo wonke amaphoyinti okuhlangana, okuhlanganisa amapulagi nokungena kwekhebula. Imodemu kuyunithi yangaphandle inikwa amandla kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-POE, okusho ukuthi ikhebula le-Ethernet elilodwa kuphela elizovela kuyunithi yangaphandle. Ubude bayo bungaba amamitha angu-100, kodwa ngibe nethuba lokuhlola ikhebula lamamitha angu-30, elanele ukuhlela kahle imishini endlini enkulu. Ibhulokhi yesibili, i-router, ayijwayelekile ngandlela thile. Ngeke kwenzeke ukuxhuma enye i-router ukuze isebenze neyunithi yangaphandle, ngakho-ke udinga ukulungiselela iqiniso lokuthi idivayisi ithengiswa njengephakheji. Ngokwayo, kubukeka kukuhle, kunezixhumi ze-Gigabit Ethernet nesixhumi esihlukile esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sokuxhuma iyunithi yangaphandle. Amayunithi angaphandle nangaphakathi anemishudo yokuxhumanisa phansi, azovikela okokusebenza ekuphazamisekeni nasekuqubukeni phakathi nokuduma kwezulu. Ukulula kokusetha nokunethezeka komsebenzi ekuphakameni. Idivayisi iphuma esigabeni - iyikhiphe yasebenza. Ngokwemvelo, angikwazanga ukumelana nokuhlakaza iyunithi yangaphandle. Isithombe ngaphansi kokusikwa.
Siqaqa iyunithi yangaphandle ye-Zyxel LTE 6101
I-Zyxel Keenetic LTE
Isigaba sesibili kwaba ukuzihlanganisa kwekhithi efanayo esekelwe ku-Zyxel Keenetic LTE. Lena ukuphela kwe-Keenetic ochungechungeni enemodemu ye-4G eyakhelwe ngaphakathi; zonke ezinye zidinga ukuxhuma imodemu ye-USB yangaphandle. Umthombo wokufinyelela ku-inthanethi futhi ungaba umhlinzeki wenethiwekhi osabalalisa ukufinyelela nge-Ethernet noma i-Wi-Fi. Endabeni yami, ngisebenzisa ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi kuphela nge-LTE, ngakho-ke sifaka i-SIM khadi endaweni efanele bese sivula umzila. Esimeni esijwayelekile, lapho ukutholakala kwenethiwekhi kuhle, amandla esiginali azovezwa kuphaneli yangaphambili, futhi ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi kuzovela ngokushesha noma ngemva kokusetha okufushane ngesixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu. Endabeni yami, amandla esignali ayebuthakathaka kakhulu, ngakho ngangidinga ukusebenzisa i-antenna yangaphandle. Ephaneli elingemuva le-router kunepheya yezixhumi zokuxhuma i-antenna ye-MIMO kanye noshintsho olusuka othini lwangaphakathi luye kolwangaphandle. Ixhuma uthi , ngathola ukukhulumisana ngisho ngisebangeni elifanele ukusuka phansi nangesithiyo esinjengebhande lehlathi. Kodwa kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi endabeni yale nhlanganisela, kuyadingeka ukubeka i-router eduze ne-antenna ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ngisho naku-cable best attenuation isazokwenzeka, okusho ukuthi ijubane lizobe liphansi. Lona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-Zyxel LTE 6101 ne-Zyxel Keenetic LTE + i-antenna yangaphandle.
Angikwazanga futhi ukumelana nokuvula i-Zyxel Keenetic LTE ukuze ihlolwe. Izithombe ngaphansi kokusikwa
Siqaqa i-Zyxel Keenetic LTE
I-polarization
Uma ubhekisisa isithombe seyunithi yangaphandle ehlakaziwe evela ku-Zyxel LTE 6101, uzobona ukuthi i-antenna izungezwa kanjani ngama-degree angama-45 ngokuhlobene nomzimba. Ukuze uthole izinga lesignali elihle kanye nesivinini esiphezulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-polarization ye-antenna eyamukelayo ihambisane ne-polarization ye-antenna ye-BS. Isiqondiso se-polarization kufanele siboniswe ku-antenna ngokwayo ngomcibisholo. Isibonelo, ijubane lami lokuxhumana lenyuke ngengxenye yesithathu lapho ngizungezisa uthi ngo-45 degrees. Kunzima ukubikezela lokhu kusengaphambili, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokufakwa kufanelekile ukucabangela leli qiniso futhi uzame izinketho ezihlukene zokufaka.
Futhi manje kungaba okunengqondo ngempela ukuqhathanisa amasethi amathathu ruble 7290, 11200 futhi 25000.
okutholakele
Njengoba kungabonakala kusithombe-skrini, umholi ngesivinini yi-Zyxel LTE 6101. Indawo yemodemu eduze kwe-antenna kanye nobude obuncane bezintambo phakathi kwazo bunomphumela. Idivayisi iyathandeka, ihlakaniphile, kodwa ayihambisani nesabelomali. Ifanele labo abazimisele ukukhokhela uxhumano ezinzile futhi okuthembekile.
Eyesibili i-Zyxel Keenetic LTE enothi lwangaphandle. Ukuxhumeka, yiqiniso, kuhloniphekile kakhulu futhi ngokwemibandela yokwamukela kanye nesivinini sokudlulisela kuseduze neZyxel LTE 6101. Ngakho-ke, kulabo isivinini esingabalulekile kubo futhi abazimisele ukuchitha isikhathi bebeka izintambo nokulungisa i-antenna (i-antenna) okufanayo kuzodinga ukwenziwa nge-Zyxel LTE 6101), khona-ke le khithi izoba nesabelomali ngokubonakalayo futhi inothe ngokwengeziwe ngokusebenza. Uma nje kungenxa yokuthi i-Zyxel Keenetic LTE ine-adaptha yocingo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-SIP kanye nezimbobo ezingama-gigabit angu-5.
Ikhithi yakamuva (LTE MiMo INDOOR + Huawei E5372) ine-drawback ephawulekayo ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamachweba e-Ethernet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni zamanje, lapho amahlamvu evimbe indlela yesiginali, i-4G ayizange yamukelwe ngisho ne-antenna yangaphandle, kodwa uxhumano lwe-3G lwaluhloniphekile. Yiqiniso, ama-pings abaluleke kakhulu futhi ukukhuluma nge-VoIP akukhululekile kakhulu. Lolu xhumo lufanele labo abadinga i-inthanethi ukuze bantweza nje.
Ibhonasi
I-TTX:
Inguqulo ye-antenna: ngaphandle
Uhlobo lwe-antenna: iphaneli
Amazinga okuxhumana asekelwe: LTE, WCDMA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA
Amafrikhwensi okusebenza, MHz: 790-960, 1700-2700
Ukuzuza, ubuningi., dBi: 10-15
Isilinganiso segagasi lokuma kwe-voltage, singekho ngaphezu: 1,5
I-impedance yesici, Ohm: 50
Ubukhulu obuhlanganisiwe (ngaphandle kweyunithi yokubopha), mm: 310х270х90
Isisindo, hhayi ngaphezulu, kg: 1,5 kg
Isithombe se-antenna
Owesilisa wake weza kimi enesicelo sokusiza ukusabalalisa i-Wi-Fi endaweni yakhe yokudayisa. Isiqephu sehhafu yehektha kanye nebanga le-bathhouse ene-gazebo esuka endlini ayizange inikeze ithuba ku-router elula ukunikeza isignali kuso sonke isakhiwo. Kulesi simo, kungaba irutha yesibili endaweni oyifunayo lapho kudonswa khona intambo ye-Ethernet, noma isiphindaphinda esingabamba isignali kumzila futhi siyikhulise kusayithi, singasiza. Kodwa kunenketho elula futhi enokwethenjelwa - i-antenna yangaphandle yokumboza indawo ngesignali ye-Wi-Fi. Ngibe ne-antenna ye-SOTA-5, futhi ngenxa yamakhono ayo e-multi-band, kwaba nokwenzeka ukuyisebenzisela ukuxhumana ne-BS yama-opharetha amaselula, kodwa futhi nokwamukela nokudlulisa amasignali e-Wi-Fi. Indawo yokumboza inkulu impela, futhi iphethini yemisebe ikuvumela ukuthi ukhawule ngokusobala indawo yokumboza isignali futhi ungavali amaphoyinti angomakhelwane be-Wi-Fi. Idizayini evalwe ngokuphelele, ama-fasteners alula futhi anokwethenjelwa, ukukhiqizwa kwesiRashiya - konke ongakufuna kumishini enjalo.
Izinzuzo: Ivaliwe, ilula, inokwethenjelwa
Ububi : Ngayibeka ngakhohlwa ukuthi ngiyibekephi
Source: www.habr.com