Bangani, lesi sihloko siwukuqhubeka uchungechunge lwezihloko zokuthi ungathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kwe-WiFi ehhovisi noma ebhizinisini.
Okulindelekile nezimangaliso
Njengesingeniso, nanka amaqiniso athile.
Amandla esignali ye-Wi-Fi endaweni yokwamukela ancike ezimweni ezimbalwa:
- ibanga (kusuka kuklayenti ukuya endaweni yokufinyelela);
- ukuzuza kwe-antenna;
- iphethini yokuqondisa;
- ukutholakala kokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle (kuhlanganise namadivayisi ane-Bluetooth, ama-oven microwave, njalonjalo);
- izithiyo endleleni yesignali.
Ngakho-ke, uma isimo sezwe sishintsha, ukubonakala kwemithombo yesignali "yangaphandle", ukufakwa kwezingxenye ezingeziwe zokuvikela, nokunye, kufanele uvumelane nezimo ezintsha.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ngokuqagela wonke ama-nuances athinta ikhwalithi yenethiwekhi engenantambo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe idatha enembe kakhulu noma encane esimweni ngasinye, kuyadingeka ukwenza ucwaningo lokuqala.
Okuningi kuncike kumadivayisi amaklayenti. Isibonelo esisodwa esijabulisayo yisimo lapho ingqalasizinda ye-IT yangaphakathi yaklanywa kudala futhi yashintshwa ngokuphelele ibhendi ye-2.4 GHz. Kodwa-ke, ukuduma okukhulu kwamadivayisi we-5 GHz kwenze okwako ukulungisa. Bekudinga ukushintshwa kancane kwemishini engenantambo kanye noshintsho kumephu yokubeka indawo yokufinyelela, kucatshangelwa izincomo zokubeka amakhasimende “kumugqa wokubona indawo.”
Ukucacisa izinqumo ezithile zokuqala, imininingwane enemininingwane iyasiza ukwenza imephu indawo (ukuhlolwa kanye nokwenza imephu kwezindawo zesignali ye-Wi-Fi kuzo zonke izindawo zokungena).
Kwesinye isikhathi esigabeni sokuqala kufanele waneliseke kuphela ngokwazi inani elilinganiselwe lamadivayisi kanye nesakhiwo esilinganiselwe, futhi ucacise noma yimiphi imibuzo ephakamayo ngemva kokufakwa, okulandelwa ukuhlola nokulungisa iphutha esizeni. Lokhu kusebenza futhi ekukhethweni kwezimpondo zokukhulisa isignali.
Isimo ngokuklanywa kanye nokwenza ngcono kwe-Wi-Fi ngandlela-thile kusikhumbuza ukuvimbela izifo. Yiqiniso, akekho onesibikezelo esinembile sokuthi yiziphi izifo azobhekana nazo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Kodwa-ke, ukwazi izimiso ezijwayelekile, njengokugcina inhlanzeko, ukulondoloza impilo enempilo nokulandela izincomo zodokotela, ungagwema izinkinga eziningi.
Ngendlela efanayo, lapho uklama izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene, awukwazi ukwazi konke kusengaphambili, kodwa kunezimiso ezijwayelekile, okugxilwe kuzo ku-athikili yethu.
I-antenna eyengeziwe, okuphindayo noma ukudluliswa kwedatha phakathi kwamaphoyinti?
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuthuthukisa ukuzizwisa kwakho ku-inthanethi. Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningana zemishini esiza ukwenza lokhu.
I-antenna eyengeziwe
Izinti ezengeziwe zangaphandle zisetshenziselwa ukuqinisa isignali yephoyinti lokufinyelela. Ngezinye izikhathi ikhithi ihlanganisa i-amplifier ngaphezu kwe-antenna ngokwayo. Amadivayisi anjalo avame ukuba namandla angaphandle, isibonelo avela ku-outlet odongeni.
Ukufaneleka okuyinhloko kwe-antenna ukuthi imane ikhulise amandla esignali.
Le ndlela ilungile uma kunendawo enkulu enenani elincane lamakhasimende. Isibonelo, indawo yokugcina impahla yezimboni. Ngokubeka i-antenna isuka endaweni eyodwa ngaphansi kosilingi phakathi nendawo yegumbi, ungafinyelela ukufinyeleleka kuyo yonke indawo kubagcini bezitolo abambalwa kanye nezivakashi zendawo yokugcina izimpahla.
Uma ubeka ama-emitter amabili anjalo anamandla eduze komunye nomunye, khona-ke esikhundleni sokusizana, azophazamisana.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-antenna inamandla kangakanani, inani lamaklayenti axhunyiwe lizonqunywa izinsiza zangaphakathi zendawo eyodwa yokufinyelela.
Ehhovisi elimatasa elithi "anthill", lapho abathengi abaningi betholakala eduze komunye nomunye, ukwakha inethiwekhi esekelwe endaweni eyodwa yokufinyelela, ngisho ne-antenna enamandla kakhulu, akuwona umqondo omuhle kakhulu. Amandla amakhulu awafunwa kakhulu lapha; ukulinganisa komthwalo phakathi kwamaphoyinti amaningana, ikhono lokwamukela inani elikhulu lezicelo kanyekanye ezivela kumakhasimende noma ukuvimba ukufinyelela okungadingeki kungaba usizo kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, sishiya indawo yokufinyelela inothi lwangaphandle endaweni yalo - ngokuhlukaniswa okumangalisayo ngaphansi kophahla lwendlu yokugcina izinto futhi sidlulele kwelinye iphuzu encazelweni yethu.
Ukusebenzisa ama-Repeaters
Isiphindaphinda isiginali iyithuluzi elithola isignali ukusuka endaweni yokufinyelela bese iyidlulisela kuklayenti, noma okuphambene nalokho - ukusuka kuklayenti kuya endaweni.
Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unwebe inethiwekhi yakho engenantambo. Amakhasimende azokwazi ukuxhuma kophindayo emakamelweni lapho isignali iqala ukuba buthaka ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ukungalungi kwalolu hlobo lwedivayisi isidingo sokuthi ophindayo angagcini nje ukuxhumana neklayenti, kodwa futhi ahlanganyele nendawo yokufinyelela eyinhloko. Uma kusetshenziswe imojula yomsakazo eyodwa kuphela, kufanele isebenze "okubili", okunciphisa isivinini sokufinyelela kunethiwekhi. Le nketho ngokuvamile itholakala kumadivayisi angabizi okusetshenziswa ekhaya.
Ezimweni lapho ukwehla kwejubane kungamukeleki, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amamodeli aphindaphindayo ngamamojula amabili omsakazo. Ukuba khona kwe-transceiver yesibili ye-Wi-Fi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile nokushesha kwenethiwekhi engenantambo.
Elinye iqiniso okufanele licatshangelwe yikhono lokusebenza kuwo womabili amabhendi: 2,4 GHz no-5 GHz. Amanye amamodeli amadala noma ayisisekelo kakhulu okusetshenziswa kwasekhaya asekela kuphela ibhendi eyodwa, i-2,4 GHz.
Ithiphu. Uma unquma ukusebenzisa abaphindayo, kufanele ucabangele imodeli — isiphindaphindi senethiwekhi engenazintambo ezimbili.
Ukusebenzisa isignali engenantambo ukuxhuma izindawo eziningi zokufinyelela
Lolu khetho lusetshenziswa uma kungenakwenzeka ukuxhuma zonke izindawo zokufinyelela kunethiwekhi eyodwa usebenzisa ingqalasizinda yekhebula. Lokhu kukhumbuza ngandlela-thile ukusebenzisa abaphindayo, kodwa esikhundleni sokuphindaphinda "isimungulu", indawo yokufinyelela egcwele isetshenziswa.
Njengokuphindayo, kunconywa kakhulu ukusebenzisa izindawo zokufinyelela ezine-interface ezimbili ze-Wi-Fi. Enye yazo izosetshenziselwa ukuxhumana nephuzu elingumakhelwane, kanti eyesibili izoqinisekisa ukuxhumana namakhasimende.
Uma iphoyinti elinesixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa lisebenza kule modi (ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukulungisa isixhumi esibonakalayo kumodi ye-AP+Bridge), isivinini sokugcina sokudlulisa idatha phakathi kweklayenti nezinsiza zenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi sizokwehla kakhulu.
Lokhu kuncika kungenxa yokuthi ubuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi busebenzisa i-time division multiplexing (TDM), futhi ukudluliswa kwedatha ngesikhathi esisodwa kungenzeka kuphela kumhlanganyeli wenethiwekhi oyedwa ohlangothini olulodwa.
Ngeshwa, ukusebenza kule modi akuhlinzeki ngokusabalalisa phakathi kwezindawo ezimbalwa zokufinyelela. Njengoba sekushiwo esihlokweni - isimo siphakama lapho inani elikhulu labasebenzisi lixhunywe ekufinyeleleni okukude, futhi izindawo zokufinyelela eziseduze azilayishwanga.
Inketho ekhethwa kakhulu ukusebenzisa izindawo zokufinyelela ezixhunywe ngentambo yenethiwekhi ngokuvumelanisa ngesilawuli senethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ekhethekile.
Odongeni noma ophahleni?
Kunezinketho ezihlukahlukene zokubeka amaphuzu okufinyelela. Ngokuya ngokunethezeka kanye nemininingwane yezakhiwo: ihhovisi elikhulu, ihhovisi elincane, indawo yokudlela, isitolo, njll., kufanele ukhethe inketho yokubeka efanelekile kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, kulula kakhulu ukubeka indawo yokufinyelela odongeni, kwezinye - ngaphansi kophahla noma ngisho nangaphansi kophahla ngokwalo. Ikesi ehlukile izindawo zokufinyelela zokubekwa ngaphandle, ngamanye amazwi, “emgwaqweni,” kodwa okwamanje sizothinta kuphela okokusebenza kwezakhiwo zasendlini.
Ukubeka indawo yokufinyelela odongeni kunezinselelo zakho. Ungase udinge ukubhoboza ezindongeni ukuze uqiniswe, uxazulule izinkinga ngokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nezintambo zenethiwekhi, njalo njalo.
Kuthiwani uma ubeka indawo yokufinyelela hhayi odongeni, kodwa ngaphansi kophahla? Yibuphi ubunzima obulindelwe lapha?
Okokuqala, kungase kube nezinkinga ngokunamathisela iphuzu kusimbozo sophahla. Isibonelo, emahhovisi anamuhla benza uphahla lwamanga kusuka ku-plasterboard slabs, okwenza ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokubeka imishini.
Ngakho-ke, udinga ukucabanga ngokushesha ngenketho yokufaka.
Uma uhlela ukuxhuma izindawo zokufinyelela kunethiwekhi ngezintambo, ungase udinge ukufaka ama-gutters akhethekile ngaphezu kophahla lwamanga lapho kuzobekwa khona izintambo zikagesi nokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi yendawo.
Uma ungekho umkhondo wophahla lwamanga, khona-ke indaba yokubhoboza ophahleni kanye nokunikeza amandla nezintambo zenethiwekhi endaweni yokufinyelela kungase kungabi into elula.
Muva nje, amahhovisi esitayela se-loft asesabalele, lapho kungekho mqondo nhlobo wophahla, futhi zonke izinhlobo zamapayipi nokuxhumana zihamba ngaphezu kwamakhanda ezisebenzi. Esimweni esinjalo, indawo yokufinyelela izovikeleka futhi kuyoba lula kakhulu ukuhambisa izintambo kuyo. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwezinto ezinkulu zensimbi, njengamapayipi aminyene, ukufakwa, ama-gratings - konke lokhu kungashintsha izimo zokudluliselwa kwesignali. Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi impendulo yokugcina ekusetshenzisweni kohlelo oluthile inganikezwa kuphela ngocwaningo olukhethekile noma ulwazi oluthile olusebenzayo.
Umfanekiso ubonisa inketho 1 ngokubeka uphahla. Ngalokhu kubekwa, izindawo zokufinyelela zingathonyana. Futhi lapha uzodinga izindlela ezijwayelekile zokunciphisa ukugxambukela: ukusebenzisa iziteshi ezahlukene nokulungisa amandla achazwe esihlokweni. “Sithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-Wi-Fi. Izimiso ezijwayelekile nezinto eziwusizo".
Umfanekiso 1. Ukubeka izindawo zokungena ngaphansi kosilingi.
Kodwa-ke, ukubekwa kwesilingi kunganikeza ukumbozwa okungcono kwendawo yonke yehhovisi.
Isiqondiso sesignali ekhishiwe
Ngemva kokukala zonke izinzuzo zalokhu noma leyo ndlela, akufanele ugijimele ukumane ulenga indawo yokufinyelela kusuka odongeni kuya ophahleni, noma okuphambene nalokho, kusukela ophahleni kuya odongeni. Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukuxazulula inkinga yokushintsha isiqondiso sesignali.
Emishinini yenethiwekhi engenantambo ekuqaleni okwakuhloswe ngayo ukubekwa ophahleni, isignali isakazeka emibuthanweni yomsakazo, isikhungo esiphakathi nendawo okuyimojula yokwamukela isidlulisi (bona Umfanekiso 2).
Umfanekiso 2. Ukusakazwa kwesignali yokubeka udonga nophahla.
Kwenzekani uma uthatha indawo yokufinyelela ukuze ubekwe usilingi bese uvele ulengise odongeni? Kulokhu, isignali izofinyeleleka kahle kuphela endaweni eseduze. Kumakhasimende aphesheya kwegumbi, izinga lesiginali lizoba phansi kakhulu futhi ukuxhumana ngeke kube okwekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu.
Inkinga efanayo iyenzeka uma indawo yokufinyelela odongeni ibekwe ophahleni. Iphethini yayo yemisebe ayiqondiswanga embuthanweni, kodwa kusukela odongeni lapho iphuzu lilenga khona - eduze kwekamelo (bheka Umfanekiso 2). Uma iphuzu elinjalo lisephahleni, khona-ke indawo enkulu yokumboza izoba ngaphansi kwayo ngqo. Kalula nje, imojula yomsakazo yaleli phuzu "izodubula phansi", kusukela phezulu kuya phansi.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kwezinye izimo akulula kakhulu ukukhetha ngokushesha indawo efanelekile yazo zonke izindawo zokufinyelela. Ngenhlanhla, i-Zyxel inamamodeli wendawo yonke akuvumela ukuthi ukhethe imodi yokusetshenziswa ngokuya ngokubeka: ophahleni noma odongeni.
Ukubhala. Sincoma ukuthi unake amamodeli alungiselwe izinketho ezimbili zokufaka futhi abe namamojula amabili omsakazo, isibonelo, .
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukucabanga ngokuguquguquka kokubeka uma uhlela ukuhambisa ihhovisi lakho. Kulesi simo, kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukukhetha izindawo zokufinyelela ezivumelana nezimo.
Ake sifingqe
Awekho amasu “alingana nosayizi owodwa”, kodwa ukulandela ezinye izincomo kukuvumela ukuthi ugweme izinkinga eziningi ekuklameni, ekukhipheni nasekugcineni inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi.
Imishini yokudlulisa akumele ibekwe eduze kakhulu kwenye.
Kwezinye izimo, kungcono ukusebenzisa amaphuzu okufinyelela ukuze abekwe ophahleni, kwabanye - odongeni. Iphethini yemisebe yenketho ngayinye kufanele inakwe. Kukhona izindawo zokufinyelela zomhlaba wonke ezinekhono lokushintsha indlela yokusebenzisa.
Esihlokweni esilandelayo kulolu chungechunge, sizokhuluma kabanzi mayelana nezindaba zokubekwa kwemishini yezokuxhumana engenantambo.
Imibuzo mayelana nokukhetha imishini, ukubonisana ngokusetha nokucushwa, ukushintshana kwemibono? Sikumema wethu .
Imithombo
Source: www.habr.com