Isithombe:
Sanibonani nonke! Singonjiniyela abazenzakalelayo abavela enkampanini futhi sisekela ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo yenkampani: sisekela lonke uhlelo lokuhlanganisa kusukela ekubophezelweni komugqa wekhodi onjiniyela kuya ekushicilelweni kwemikhiqizo eqediwe namalayisense kumaseva okuvuselela. Ngokungahlelekile, sibizwa ngonjiniyela be-DevOps. Kulesi sihloko, sifuna ukukhuluma ngezigaba zobuchwepheshe zenqubo yokukhiqiza isofthiwe, ukuthi siyibona kanjani nokuthi siyihlukanisa kanjani.
Kusuka ezintweni ozozifunda mayelana nobunzima bokuxhumanisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo eminingi, mayelana nokuthi iyini imephu yezobuchwepheshe nokuthi isiza kanjani ukuhlehlisa nokuphindaphinda izixazululo, yiziphi izigaba eziyinhloko nezinyathelo zenqubo yokuthuthukiswa, zinjani izindawo zomthwalo wemfanelo. phakathi kwe-DevOps namaqembu enkampani yethu.
Mayelana ne-Chaos ne-DevOps
Kafushane, umqondo we-DevOps uhlanganisa amathuluzi okuthuthukisa namasevisi, kanye nezindlela nezindlela ezihamba phambili zokusetshenziswa kwazo. Ake sihlukanise umhlaba wonke umgomo kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwemibono ye-DevOps enkampanini yethu: lokhu ukuncishiswa okungaguquki kwezindleko zokukhiqiza nokugcinwa kwemikhiqizo ngokwemibandela yobuningi (amahora omuntu noma amahora omshini, i-CPU, i-RAM, iDiski, njll.). Indlela elula futhi esobala kakhulu yokunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zentuthuko ezingeni layo yonke inkampani ukunciphisa izindleko zokwenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile ye-serial kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhiqiza. Kodwa yiziphi lezi zigaba, indlela yokuzihlukanisa nenqubo evamile, yiziphi izinyathelo ezihlanganisa?
Uma inkampani ithuthukisa umkhiqizo owodwa, yonke into isobala kakhulu: kuvame ukuba nomgwaqo ojwayelekile kanye nohlelo lokuthuthukisa. Kodwa yini okufanele uyenze lapho umugqa womkhiqizo ukhula futhi kunemikhiqizo eminingi? Uma uthi nhlá, banezinqubo ezifanayo nemigqa yokuhlanganisa, futhi umdlalo othi “thola umehluko we-X” kumalogi nemibhalo uyaqala. Kodwa kuthiwani uma sekuvele kukhona amaphrojekthi angu-5+ ekuthuthukisweni okusebenzayo nokusekelwa kwezinguqulo ezimbalwa ezithuthukisiwe eminyakeni eminingana edingekayo? Ingabe sifuna ukuphinda sisebenzise inani eliphezulu elingase libe khona lezixazululo kumapayipi omkhiqizo noma ingabe sikulungele ukusebenzisa imali ekuthuthukisweni okuyingqayizivele kwento ngayinye?
Ungayithola kanjani ibhalansi phakathi kokuhlukile kanye nezixazululo ze-serial?
Le mibuzo iqale ukuvela phambi kwethu kaningi kusukela ngo-2015. Inani lemikhiqizo lakhula, futhi sazama ukwandisa umnyango wethu wokuzenzakalela (i-DevOps), osekela imigqa yokuhlanganisa yale mikhiqizo, okungenani. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, besifuna ukuphindaphinda izixazululo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi kwemikhiqizo. Phela, kungani ukwenza into efanayo emikhiqizweni eyishumi ngezindlela ezahlukene?
Umqondisi Wentuthuko: "Bafo, singahlola ngandlela thize ukuthi i-DevOps yenzani emikhiqizweni?"
We: "Asazi, asizange sibuze umbuzo onjalo, kodwa yiziphi izinkomba okufanele zicatshangelwe?"
Umqondisi Wentuthuko: "Kwazi bani! Cabanga…”
Njengakuleyo filimu edumile: "Ngisehhotela! .." - "Uh ... Ungangibonisa indlela?" Lapho sizindla, sifinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi sidinga kuqala ukunquma ngezimo zokugcina zemikhiqizo; lokhu kwaba umgomo wethu wokuqala.
Ngakho-ke, uyihlaziya kanjani imikhiqizo eyishumi nambili enamaqembu amakhulu ukusuka kubantu abayi-10 kuye kwangama-200 futhi unqume amamethrikhi alinganisekayo lapho uphindaphinda izixazululo?
1:0 ngokuvuna i-Chaos, noma i-DevOps emahlombe
Siqale ngomzamo wokusebenzisa imidwebo ye-IDEF0 kanye nemidwebo ehlukahlukene yenqubo yebhizinisi evela ochungechungeni lwe-BPwin. Ukudideka kwaqala ngemva kwesikwele sesihlanu sesigaba esilandelayo sephrojekthi elandelayo, futhi lezi zikwele zephrojekthi ngayinye zingadwetshwa emsileni wenhlwathi ende ngaphansi kwezinyathelo ezingu-50+. Ngazizwa ngidangele futhi ngifuna ukukhala enyangeni - yayingangeni ngokujwayelekile.
Imisebenzi yokukhiqiza ejwayelekile
Izinqubo zokukhiqiza amamodeli ziwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu futhi onzima: udinga ukuqoqa, ukucubungula nokuhlaziya idatha eningi evela eminyangweni ehlukahlukene namaketanga okukhiqiza. Ungafunda kabanzi ngalokhu esihlokweni esithi "".
Ngenkathi siqala ukumodela inqubo yethu yokukhiqiza, sasinomgomo othile - ukudlulisela kubo bonke abasebenzi ababambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo yenkampani yethu, nakubaphathi bephrojekthi:
- ukuthi imikhiqizo nezingxenye zayo, kusukela ekubophezelweni komugqa wekhodi, ifinyelela kanjani ikhasimende ngendlela yezifaki nezibuyekezo,
- yiziphi izinsiza ezinikezwa esigabeni ngasinye sokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo,
- yiziphi izinsizakalo ezihilelekile esigabeni ngasinye,
- ukuthi izindawo zesibopho zesigaba ngasinye zihlukaniswa kanjani,
- yiziphi izinkontileka ezikhona ekungeneni nasekuphumeni kwesigaba ngasinye.
Ukuchofoza isithombe kuzosivula ngosayizi ogcwele.
Umsebenzi wethu enkampanini uhlukaniswe ezindaweni eziningana zokusebenza. Ukuqondisa kwengqalasizinda kuhileleke ekusebenzeni kahle kwazo zonke izinsiza "zensimbi" zomnyango, kanye nokuzenzekelayo kokuthunyelwa kwemishini ebonakalayo kanye nemvelo kuyo. Isiqondiso sokuqapha sinikeza ukulawula ukusebenza kwesevisi okungama-24/7; futhi sihlinzeka ngokuqapha njengesevisi yonjiniyela. Isiqondiso sokuhamba komsebenzi sinikeza amaqembu ngamathuluzi okuphatha izinqubo zentuthuko nokuhlola, ukuhlaziya isimo sekhodi, nokuthola izibalo zamaphrojekthi. Futhi ekugcineni, isiqondiso se-webdev sinikeza ukushicilelwa kokukhishwa kumaseva wokuvuselela we-GUS kanye ne-FLUS, kanye nokunikezwa kwelayisensi yemikhiqizo esebenzisa isevisi ye-LicenseLab. Ukuze sisekele ipayipi lokukhiqiza, simisa futhi sigcine izinsiza eziningi ezihlukene zosekelo zonjiniyela (ungalalela izindaba ezimayelana nezinye zazo kuma-meeups amadala: и). Siphinde sithuthukise amathuluzi angaphakathi ezishintshayo, okuhlanganisa .
Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule, umsebenzi wethu uqongelele okuningi kohlobo olufanayo nokusebenza kwenjwayelo, futhi abathuthukisi bethu abavela kweminye iminyango ikakhulukazi bavela kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi. imisebenzi ejwayelekile, isixazululo esisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele noma ngokwengxenye, asibangeli ubunzima kubadlali futhi asidingi amanani abalulekile omsebenzi. Kanye nezindawo eziholayo, sahlaziya imisebenzi enjalo futhi sakwazi ukuhlonza izigaba zomsebenzi ngamunye, noma izinyathelo zokukhiqiza, izigaba zahlukaniswa zaba izinyathelo ezingenakuhlukaniswa, futhi izigaba eziningana ziyahlangana uchungechunge lwenqubo yokukhiqiza.
Isibonelo esilula kakhulu sochungechunge lwezobuchwepheshe yizigaba zokuhlanganisa, ukuthunyelwa nokuhlolwa komkhiqizo wethu ngamunye ngaphakathi kwenkampani. Ngokwesibonelo, isigaba sokwakha sinezinyathelo eziningi ezehlukene ezijwayelekile: ukulanda imithombo evela ku-GitLab, ukulungiselela ukuncika kanye namalabhulali ezinkampani zangaphandle, ukuhlolwa kweyunithi nokuhlaziywa kwekhodi emile, ukwenza umbhalo wokwakha ku-GitLab CI, ukushicilela ama-artifact endaweni yokugcina. I-Artifactory kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamanothi okukhululwa ngethuluzi lethu langaphakathi le-ChangelogBuilder.
Ungafunda ngemisebenzi ejwayelekile ye-DevOps kwezinye izindatshana zethu ku-Habré: ""Futhi"".
Amaketango amaningi okukhiqiza ajwayelekile inqubo yokukhiqiza. Indlela ejwayelekile yokuchaza izinqubo ukusebenzisa amamodeli asebenzayo e-IDEF0.
Isibonelo sokumodela inqubo ye-CI yokukhiqiza
Sinaka ngokukhethekile ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi ajwayelekile wesistimu yokuhlanganisa eqhubekayo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukufeza ukuhlanganiswa kwamaphrojekthi, kugqamisa lokho okubizwa khulula uhlelo lokwakha olunamaphromoshini.
Nansi indlela esebenza ngayo. Wonke amaphrojekthi abukeka ejwayelekile: ahlanganisa ukucushwa kwama-assemblies awela endaweni yokugcina izithombe e-Artifactory, okuthi ngemva kwalokho asetshenziswe futhi ahlolwe emabhentshini okuhlola, bese enyuselwa endaweni yokugcina impahla. Isevisi ye-Artifactory iyindawo eyodwa yokusabalalisa yawo wonke ama-artifact okwakha phakathi kwamaqembu nezinye izinsiza.
Uma senza lula futhi senze uhlelo lwethu lokukhipha lube lula, khona-ke luhlanganisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- ukuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo we-cross-platform,
- ukuthunyelwa emabhentshini okuhlola,
- sebenzisa izivivinyo ezisebenzayo nezinye,
- ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa okuhloliwe ukuze kukhishwe amakhosombe e-Artifactory,
- ukushicilelwa kokukhishwa kwakhela phezu kwamaseva wokuvuselela,
- ukulethwa kwemihlangano kanye nezibuyekezo zokukhiqiza,
- ukwethula ukufakwa nokuvuselelwa komkhiqizo.
Isibonelo, cabangela imodeli yezobuchwepheshe yalesi sikimu sokukhishwa esivamile (ngemuva kwalokhu umane nje Imodeli) ngendlela yemodeli esebenzayo ye-IDEF0. Ibonisa izigaba eziyinhloko zenqubo yethu ye-CI. Amamodeli e-IDEF0 asebenzisa okuthiwa I-ICOM notation (I-Input-Control-Output-Mechanism) ukuchaza ukuthi iziphi izinsiza ezisetshenziswa esigabeni ngasinye, ngokusekelwe kulokho imithetho nezimfuneko umsebenzi owenziwayo, yini okukhiphayo, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela, izinsizakalo noma abantu abasebenzisa isigaba esithile.
Ukuchofoza isithombe kuzosivula ngosayizi ogcwele.
Njengomthetho, kulula ukubola kanye nemininingwane incazelo yezinqubo kumamodeli asebenzayo. Kodwa njengoba inani lezakhi likhula, kuba nzima nakakhulu ukuqonda okuthile okukuzo. Kepha ekuthuthukisweni kwangempela, kukhona nezigaba ezisizayo: ukuqapha, ukuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo, i-automation yokuhamba komsebenzi, nokunye. Kungenxa yenkinga yokukala ukuthi siyishiye le ncazelo.
Ukuzalwa Kwethemba
Encwadini eyodwa, sathola amamephu amadala aseSoviet achaza izinqubo zobuchwepheshe (okuwukuthi, ngendlela, ezisasetshenziswa nanamuhla emabhizinisini kahulumeni nasemanyuvesi amaningi). Linda, linda, ngoba nathi sinokugeleza komsebenzi!.. Kunezigaba, imiphumela, amamethrikhi, izimfuneko, izinkomba, nokunye nokunye… Kungani ungazami ukusebenzisa ama-flowsheets kumapayipi omkhiqizo wethu futhi? Kwaba nomuzwa wokuthi: “Yilokhu! Sithole intambo efanele, sekuyisikhathi sokuyidonsa kahle!
Kuthebula elilula, sinqume ukurekhoda imikhiqizo ngamakholomu, nezigaba zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinyathelo zamapayipi omkhiqizo ngemigqa. Ama-Milestone ayinto enkulu, njengesinyathelo sokwakha umkhiqizo. Futhi izinyathelo ziyinto encane futhi enemininingwane eyengeziwe, njengesinyathelo sokulanda ikhodi yomthombo kuseva yokwakha noma isinyathelo sokuhlanganisa ikhodi.
Ezimpambanweni zemigqa namakholomu emephu, sibeka phansi izimo zesiteji nomkhiqizo othile. Ezimo, isethi yezimo iye yachazwa:
- Alukho ulwazi - noma engalungile. Kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya isidingo sesiteji emkhiqizweni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlaziywa sekuvele kwenziwa, kodwa isiteji okwamanje asidingeki noma asilungile ngokwezomnotho.
- Ihlehlisiwe - noma akubalulekile okwamanje. Kudingeka isiteji sokuvula ipayipi, kodwa awekho amandla okusebenza kulo nyaka.
- Kuhlelwe. Isiteji sihlelelwe ukuqaliswa kulo nyaka.
- Kwenziwa. Isiteji epayipini sisetshenziswa ngevolumu edingekayo.
Ukugcwalisa ithebula kwaqala iphrojekthi ngephrojekthi. Okokuqala, izigaba nezinyathelo zephrojekthi eyodwa zahlukaniswa futhi isimo sazo sarekhodwa. Base bethatha iphrojekthi elandelayo, balungisa izimo kuyo futhi bengeza izigaba nezinyathelo ezazishoda kumaphrojekthi wangaphambilini. Ngenxa yalokho, sithole izigaba nezinyathelo zawo wonke amapayipi ethu okukhiqiza kanye nezimo zawo kuphrojekthi ethile. Kuvele into efana ne-matrix yokufaneleka kwepayipi lomkhiqizo. I-matrix enjalo siyibize ngemephu yezobuchwepheshe.
Ngosizo lwemephu yobuchwepheshe, ngokwezibalo sihlanganisa ngokunengqondo namathimba izinhlelo zokusebenza zonyaka kanye nemigomo esifuna ukuyifinyelela ndawonye: yiziphi izigaba esizengeza kuphrojekthi kulo nyaka, nokuthi yiziphi esizishiyela kamuva. Futhi, phakathi nomsebenzi, singase sibe nokuthuthuka ezigabeni esiziqedile ngomkhiqizo owodwa kuphela. Bese sinweba imephu yethu futhi sethule lokhu kuthuthukiswa njengesiteji noma isinyathelo esisha, bese sihlaziya umkhiqizo ngamunye futhi sithole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuphindaphinda ukuthuthukiswa.
Bangase basiphikise: “Lokhu konke, yebo, kuhle, kuphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inani lezinyathelo nezigaba lizoba likhulu ngokudlulele. Kungaba kanjani?
Sethule izincazelo ezijwayelekile neziphelele kahle zezidingo zesigaba ngasinye nesinyathelo, ukuze ziqondwe yiwo wonke umuntu ongaphakathi enkampanini ngendlela efanayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kwethulwa, isinyathelo singangena kwesinye isigaba noma isinyathelo, bese "siyowa". Ngasikhathi sinye, zonke izidingo kanye nama-nuances wezobuchwepheshe afanelana nezidingo zesigaba esijwayelekile noma isinyathelo.
Ungawuhlola kanjani umphumela wokuphindaphinda izixazululo? Sisebenzisa indlela elula kakhulu: sibeka izindleko zemali yokuqala zokuqaliswa kwesigaba esisha ezindlekweni zonyaka zomkhiqizo ojwayelekile, bese sihlukanisa ngabo bonke lapho siphindaphinda.
Izingxenye zentuthuko sezivele zikhonjisiwe njengeziqophamlando nezinyathelo kumephu. Singathonya ukuncishiswa kwezindleko zomkhiqizo ngokwethula i-automation yezigaba ezijwayelekile. Ngemva kwalokho, sicubungula izinguquko ezicini zekhwalithi, amamethrikhi obuningi kanye nenzuzo etholwe amaqembu (ngamahora omuntu noma amahora omshini okonga).
Imephu yezobuchwepheshe yenqubo yokukhiqiza
Uma sithatha zonke izigaba nezinyathelo zethu, sizihlanganise ngamathegi futhi sizikhulise zibe yiketanga elilodwa, khona-ke kuzoba yinde kakhulu futhi engaqondakali ("umsila we-python" ofanayo esikhulume ngawo ekuqaleni kwesihloko) :
[Production] — [InfMonitoring] — [SourceCodeControl] — [Prepare] — [PrepareLinuxDocker] — [PrepareWinDocker] — [Build] — [PullSourceCode] — [PrepareDep] — [UnitTest] — [CodeCoverage] — [StaticAnalyze] — [BuildScenario] — [PushToSnapshot] — [ChangelogBuilder] — [Deploy] — [PrepareTestStand] — [PullTestCode] — [PrepareTestEnv] — [PullArtifact] — [DeployArtifact] — [Test] — [BVTTest] — [SmokeTest] — [FuncTest] — [LoadTest] — [IntegrityTest] — [DeliveryTest] — [MonitoringStands] — [TestManagement] — [Promote] — [QualityTag] — [MoveToRelease] — [License] — [Publish] — [PublishGUSFLUS] — [ControlVisibility] — [Install] — [LicenseActivation] — [RequestUpdates] — [PullUpdates] — [InitUpdates] — [PrepareEnv] — [InstallUpdates] — [Telemetry] — [Workflow] — [Communication] — [Certification] — [CISelfSufficiency]Lezi izigaba zemikhiqizo yokwakha [Yakha], iyisebenzisela ukuhlola amaseva [Khipha], ukuhlola [Ukuhlola], ukugqugquzela izakhiwo ukuze kukhishwe amaqoqo ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola [Nyusa], ukukhiqiza nokushicilela amalayisense [Ilayisensi], ukushicilela [ Shicilela] kuseva yokubuyekeza ye-GUS kanye nokulethwa eziphakelini zokubuyekeza ze-FLUS, ukufakwa nokubuyekezwa kwezingxenye zomkhiqizo engqalasizinda yekhasimende kusetshenziswa Ukuphathwa Kokulungiselelwa Komkhiqizo [Faka], kanye nokuqoqwa kwe-telemetry [Telemetry] emikhiqizweni efakiwe.
Ngaphezu kwazo, izigaba ezihlukene zingahlukaniswa: ukuqapha isimo sengqalasizinda [InfMonitoring], inguqulo yekhodi yomthombo [SourceCodeControl], ukulungiswa kwemvelo [Lungiselela], ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi [Ukugeleza komsebenzi], ukuhlinzeka amaqembu ngamathuluzi okuxhumana [Ukuxhumana], isitifiketi somkhiqizo [ Ukuqinisekisa] kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuzimela kwezinqubo ze-CI [CISelfSufficiency] (isibonelo, ukuzimela kwemihlangano kusuka ku-inthanethi). Izinyathelo eziningi ezinhlelweni zethu ngeke zize zicatshangelwe, ngoba zicaciswe kakhulu.
Kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuqonda nokubuka yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza uma yethulwa ngefomu imephu yezobuchwepheshe; leli yithebula lapho izigaba zokukhiqiza ngazinye kanye nezinyathelo ezibolile zeSimodeli zibhalwa ngemigqa, futhi kumakholomu incazelo yalokho okwenziwa esigabeni ngasinye noma isinyathelo. Ukugcizelelwa okukhulu kubekwa ezinsizeni ezihlinzeka ngesigaba ngasinye, kanye nokunqunywa kwezindawo zomthwalo wemfanelo.
Imephu yethu iwuhlobo lokuhlukanisa ngezigaba. Ibonisa izingxenye ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe zokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo. Ngenxa yalokho, kube lula ukuthi ithimba lethu le-automation lixhumane nabathuthukisi futhi lihlele ngokuhlanganyela ukuqaliswa kwezigaba ezishintshayo, kanye nokuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izindleko zabasebenzi nezinsiza (abantu ne-hardware) ezodingeka kulokhu.
Ngaphakathi kwenkampani yethu, imephu ikhiqizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kusuka kusifanekiso se-jinja njengefayela le-HTML elijwayelekile, bese lilayishwa kuseva ye-GitLab Pages. Isithombe-skrini esinesibonelo semephu ekhiqizwe ngokugcwele singabukwa .
Ukuchofoza isithombe kuzosivula ngosayizi ogcwele.
Ngamafuphi, imephu yobuchwepheshe iyisithombe esijwayelekile senqubo yokukhiqiza, esibonisa amabhlogo ahlukaniswe ngokusobala anomsebenzi ojwayelekile.
Isakhiwo sebalazwe lethu lomgwaqo
Imephu inezingxenye ezimbalwa:
- Indawo yesihloko - nansi incazelo evamile yemephu, imiqondo eyisisekelo yethulwa, izinsiza eziyinhloko kanye nemiphumela yenqubo yokukhiqiza ichazwa.
- Ideshibhodi - lapha ungakwazi ukulawula ukuboniswa kwedatha yemikhiqizo ngayinye, isifinyezo sezigaba ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nezinyathelo ezijwayelekile zayo yonke imikhiqizo kunikezwa.
- Imephu yezobuchwepheshe - incazelo yethebula yenqubo yezobuchwepheshe. Kumephu:
- zonke izigaba, izinyathelo kanye namakhodi azo kunikezwa;
- kunikezwa izincazelo ezimfushane neziphelele zezigaba;
- izinsiza zokufaka kanye nezinsiza ezisetshenziswa esigabeni ngasinye kukhonjisiwe;
- imiphumela yesigaba ngasinye kanye nesinyathelo esihlukile kukhonjisiwe;
- indawo yesibopho sesigaba ngasinye nesinyathelo kukhonjisiwe;
- izinsiza zobuchwepheshe, njenge-HDD (SSD), i-RAM, i-vCPU, kanye namahora omuntu adingekayo ukuze kusekelwe umsebenzi kulesi sigaba, kokubili okwamanje - iqiniso, futhi esikhathini esizayo - uhlelo, lunqunyiwe;
- kumkhiqizo ngamunye, kukhonjiswa ukuthi yiziphi izigaba zobuchwepheshe noma izinyathelo zawo eseziqalisiwe, ezihlelelwe ukuqaliswa, ezingabalulekile noma ezingaqaliswanga.
Ukwenziwa kwezinqumo ngokusekelwe kumephu yezobuchwepheshe
Ngemva kokuhlola imephu, kuyenzeka wenze okuthile - kuye ngendima yesisebenzi enkampanini (umphathi wezokuthuthukiswa, umphathi womkhiqizo, umthuthukisi noma umhloli):
- baqonde ukuthi yiziphi izigaba ezingekho emkhiqizweni wangempela noma iphrojekthi, futhi uhlole isidingo sokuqaliswa kwazo;
- ukuhlukanisa izindawo zokuzibophezela phakathi kweminyango eminingana uma isebenza ngezigaba ezahlukene;
- ukuvumelana ngezinkontileka ekungeneni nasekuphumeni kwezigaba;
- hlanganisa isigaba sakho somsebenzi ohlelweni lokuthuthuka jikelele;
- hlola ngokunembe kakhudlwana isidingo sezinsiza ezihlinzeka ngesigaba ngasinye.
Ifinyeza konke okungenhla
Umzila uyashintshashintsha, uyanwebeka futhi kulula ukuwunakekela. Kulula kakhulu ukuthuthukisa nokugcina incazelo yezinqubo kuleli fomu kunemodeli ye-IDEF0 yezemfundo eqinile. Ukwengeza, incazelo yethebula ilula, ijwayeleke kakhulu, futhi yakheke kangcono kunemodeli esebenzayo.
Ngokusetshenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe kwezinyathelo, sinethuluzi elikhethekile langaphakathi i-CrossBuilder - ithuluzi lesendlalelo phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-CI, izinsizakalo nengqalasizinda. Umthuthukisi akadingi ukusika ibhayisikili lakhe: ohlelweni lwethu lwe-CI, kwanele ukusebenzisa enye yemibhalo (okuthiwa umsebenzi) wethuluzi le-CrossBuilder, elizokwenza kahle, ngokucabangela izici zengqalasizinda yethu. .
Imiphumela
I-athikili ivele yaba yinde impela, kodwa lokhu akunakugwenywa uma kuchazwa ukumodela kwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ekugcineni, ngingathanda ukulungisa kafushane imibono yethu eyinhloko:
- Umgomo wokusebenzisa imibono ye-DevOps enkampanini yethu ukwehlisa ngokuqhubekayo izindleko zokukhiqiza nokugcinwa kwemikhiqizo yenkampani ngokwesilinganiso (amahora omuntu noma amahora omshini, i-vCPU, i-RAM, iDiski).
- Indlela yokunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zokuthuthukiswa ukunciphisa izindleko zokwenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile ye-serial: izigaba nezinyathelo zenqubo yezobuchwepheshe.
- Umsebenzi ojwayelekile uwumsebenzi onesixazululo esisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele noma ngokwengxenye, awubangeli ubunzima kubadlali futhi awudingi izindleko ezinkulu zomsebenzi.
- Inqubo yokukhiqiza iqukethe izigaba, izigaba zihlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezingahlukaniseki, okuyimisebenzi evamile yesikali esihlukene kanye nobubanzi.
- Kusukela emisebenzini evamile ehlukene, sifike kumaketanga obuchwepheshe ayinkimbinkimbi namamodeli wamazinga amaningi enqubo yokukhiqiza, angachazwa ngemodeli esebenzayo ye-IDEF0 noma imephu yobuchwepheshe elula.
- Imephu yezobuchwepheshe iwumfanekiso wethebula wezigaba nezinyathelo zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Okubaluleke kakhulu: imephu ikuvumela ukuthi ubone yonke inqubo ngokuphelele, ngezingcezu ezinkulu nethuba lokuzichaza.
- Ngokusekelwe kumephu yobuchwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuhlola isidingo sokwethula izigaba emkhiqizweni othile, ukucacisa izindawo zomthwalo wemfanelo, ukuvumelana ngezinkontileka kulokho okokufaka kanye nokuphumayo kwezigaba, nokuhlola ngokunembe kakhudlwana isidingo sezinsiza.
Ezihlokweni ezilandelayo, sizochaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi obuchwepheshe asetshenziswa ukuze kusetshenziswe izigaba ezithile zobuchwepheshe kumephu yethu.
Ababhali bezindaba:
- - Inhloko ye-Automation (DevOps) kwaPositive Technologies
- - Isekela Inhloko yoMnyango Wezokuzenzakalela (DevOps) kwaPositive Technologies
Source: www.habr.com