Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, ikhithi yamathuluzi Yesikhungo Sokuphatha Se-Windows yayibizwa nge-Project Honolulu.

Njengengxenye yesevisi ye-VDS (Virtual Dedicated Server), iklayenti lithola iseva ezinikezele ebonakalayo enamalungelo aphezulu. Ungafaka noma iyiphi i-OS kuyo kusuka esithombeni sakho noma usebenzise isithombe esenziwe ngomumo kuphaneli yokulawula.

Ake sithi umsebenzisi ukhetha i-Windows Server egcwele noma isithombe senguqulo ekhishiwe ye-Windows Server Core esebenzisa cishe u-500 MB ngaphansi kwe-RAM kunenguqulo ephelele ye-Windows Server. Ake sibone ukuthi yimaphi amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze uphathe iseva enjalo.

Ngokwethiyori, sinezindlela ezimbalwa zokuphatha i-VDS ngaphansi kweWindows Server:

• I-PowerShell;
• I-Sconfig;
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude (RSAT);
• I-Windows Admin Center.

Empeleni, izinketho ezimbili zokugcina zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu: Amathuluzi okuphatha okukude e-RSAT aneSiphathi Seseva, kanye ne-Windows Admin Center (WAC).

Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude (RSAT)

Ukufakwa ku-Windows 10

Ukuphathwa kweseva ekude kusuka ngaphansi Windows 10, amathuluzi okuphatha iseva asetshenziswa afaka:

• umphathi weseva;
• i-snap-in management console (MMC);
• ama-consoles;
• Windows PowerShell cmdlets nabahlinzeki;
• amathuluzi omugqa womyalo wokuphatha izindima nezici ku-Windows Server.

Imibhalo ithi Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude ahlanganisa amamojula weWindows PowerShell cmdlet angasetshenziswa ukuphatha izindima nezici ezisebenza kumaseva akude. Nakuba isilawuli kude se-Windows PowerShell sinikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalela ku-Windows Server, asivulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Windows 10. Ukuze usebenzise ama-cmdlets ayingxenye Yamathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude ngokumelene neseva ekude, sebenzisa. Enable-PSremoting kuseshini ephakeme ye-Windows PowerShell (okungukuthi, ngenketho ethi Run as administrator) kukhompyutha yeklayenti le-Windows ngemva kokufaka Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude.

Ukuqala nge-Windows 10 October 2018 Update, Amathuluzi Okuphatha Akude afakiwe njengengxenye Yekhithi Yezici Ezifunwayo ngokuqondile Windows 10. Manje, esikhundleni sokulanda iphakheji, ungaya ekhasini elithi Phatha Izici Ongazikhetha ngaphansi kokuthi Izilungiselelo bese uchofoza Engeza. ingxenye" ​​ukuze ubuke uhlu lwamathuluzi atholakalayo.

Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude angafakwa kuphela ezinhlelweni Zochwepheshe noma Zebhizinisi zesistimu yokusebenza. Lawa mathuluzi awatholakali kokuthi Ikhaya noma ku-Standard editions. Nalu uhlu oluphelele lwezingxenye ze-RSAT ku Windows 10:

• I-RSAT: Imojuli yeReplica Yesitoreji ye-PowerShell
• I-RSAT: Amathuluzi Ezinsizakalo Zesitifiketi Semibhalo Yemibhalo Esebenzayo
• I-RSAT: Amathuluzi Okwenza Ilayisensi Yevolumu
• I-RSAT: Amathuluzi Ezinsiza Zedeskithophu Ekude
• I-RSAT: Amathuluzi Okuphatha Inqubomgomo Yeqembu
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Umphathi Weseva
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Injini Yokuhlaziya Isistimu ye-Windows PowerShell
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Iklayenti Lokuphathwa Kwekheli Le-IP (IPAM).
• Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude: Izinsiza zokulawula Ukubethelwa KweDrayivu Ye-BitLocker
• Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Eseva Ye-DHCP
• Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Eseva Ye-DNS
• Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi e-LLDP Okusebenzisa i-Datacenter Bridge
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Okuphatha Umthwalo Wenethiwekhi
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Amasevisi Wesizinda Sesizinda Semibhalo Esebenzayo Namathuluzi Ezinsizakalo Zohlu Lwemibhalo Engasindi
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi E-Failover Clustering
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Ezinsizakalo Zokuvuselela Iseva YeWindows
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Okulawula Isilawuli Senethiwekhi
• Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Okulawula Ukufinyelela Kukude
• Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Wezinsizakalo Zefayela
• Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude: Amathuluzi Omshini Obonakalayo Avikelekile

Ngemva kokufaka Amathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude Windows 10, ifolda Yamathuluzi Okuphatha ivela kumenyu yokuqala.

Kumathuluzi Okuphatha Iseva Ekude Windows 10, wonke amathuluzi okuphatha iseva eyisithombe, njenge-MMC snap-ins namabhokisi ezingxoxo, ayatholakala kumenyu Yamathuluzi kukhonsoli Yesiphathi Seseva.

Amathuluzi amaningi ahlanganiswe Nomphathi Weseva, ngakho-ke amaseva akude kufanele aqale engezwe kuseva yoMphathi kumenyu ethi "Amathuluzi".

Ukufakwa ku-Windows Server

Amaseva akude kufanele abe ne-Windows PowerShell ne-Server Manager enikwe amandla ukulawula kusetshenziswa Amathuluzi Okulawula Iseva Ekude Windows 10. Ukuphathwa kwesilawuli kude kunikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalela kumaseva asebenzisa i-Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2 kanye ne-Windows Server 2012.

Ukuze uvumele isilawuli kude sekhompuyutha usebenzisa Isiphathi Seseva noma i-Windows PowerShell, khetha okuthi Vumela ukufinyelela ukude kule seva kwamanye amakhompyutha ibhokisi lokuhlola. Kubha yomsebenzi yeWindows, chofoza Isiphathi Seseva, esikrinini sokuqala, chofoza Isiphathi Seseva, endaweni Yezakhiwo ekhasini Lamaseva endawo, chofoza inani lesixhumanisi sempahla yokuphatha okude, futhi kuzoba nebhokisi lokuhlola.

Enye inketho yokunika amandla ukuphathwa okukude kukhompyutha ye-Windows Server yilo umyalo olandelayo:

Configure-SMremoting.exe-Enable

Buka isilungiselelo samanje sesilawuli kude:

Configure-SMremoting.exe-Get

Nakuba ama-cmdlets e-Windows PowerShell namathuluzi okulawula umugqa womyalo engabaliwe kukhonsoli Yesiphathi Seseva, aphinde afakwe njengengxenye yamathuluzi okuphatha akude. Isibonelo, vula iseshini yeWindows PowerShell bese usebenzisa i-cmdlet:

Get-Command -Module RDManagement

Futhi sibona uhlu lwezinsizakalo ezikude zedeskithophu cmdlets. Manje seziyatholakala ukuze zisebenze kukhompuyutha yendawo.

Ungakwazi futhi ukuphatha amaseva akude ngaphansi kwe-Windows Server. Ku-Windows Server 2012 kanye nokukhishwa kwakamuva kwe-Windows Server, Isiphathi Seseva singasetshenziswa ukuphatha amaseva angafika kwangu-100 alungiselelwe ukuthi aqhube umsebenzi ojwayelekile. Inani lamaseva angaphathwa kusetshenziswa ikhonsoli Yesiphathi Seseva eyodwa lincike enanini ledatha eceliwe kumaseva aphethwe kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha nezinsiza zenethiwekhi ezitholakala kukhompuyutha esebenzisa Isiphathi Seseva.

Isiphathi Seseva asikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha izinhlelo ezintsha zohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Windows Server. Isibonelo, Isiphathi Seseva esisebenzisa i-Windows Server 2012 R2, i-Windows Server 2012, i-Windows 8.1, noma i-Windows 8 ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha amaseva asebenzisa i-Windows Server 2016.

Isiphathi Seseva ikuvumela ukuthi wengeze amaseva ukuze uwaphathe ebhokisini lengxoxo elithi Engeza amaseva ngezindlela ezintathu.

• I-Active Directory Domain Services yengeza amaseva okuphatha uhla lwemibhalo olusesizindeni esifanayo nekhompyutha yendawo.
• "Irekhodi Lesevisi Yegama Lesizinda" (DNS) - sesha amaseva ukuze aphathwe ngegama lekhompyutha noma ikheli le-IP.
• "Ngenisa Amaseva Amaningi". Cacisa amaseva amaningi ukuze angeniswe efayeleni eliqukethe amaseva asohlwini lwegama lekhompyutha noma ikheli le-IP.

Lapho ungeza amaseva akude Kumphathi Weseva, amanye awo angase adinge imininingwane esuka ku-akhawunti yomsebenzisi ehlukile ukuze uwafinyelele noma uwaphathe. Ukuze ucacise imininingwane ngaphandle kwalezo ezisetshenziselwa ukungena kukhompyutha esebenzisa Isiphathi Seseva, sebenzisa umyalo Phatha i-As ngemva kokwengeza iseva kumphathi. Ibizwa ngokuchofoza kwesokudla kokufakwayo kweseva ephethwe kuthayela "Amaseva" ikhasi lasekhaya lendima noma iqembu. Ukuchofoza okuthi Phatha Njengomyalo kuvula ibhokisi lengxoxo "Windows Security", lapho ongafaka khona igama lomsebenzisi onamalungelo okufinyelela kuseva ephethwe, ngefomethi eyodwa kulawa alandelayo.

User name
Имя пользователя@example.domain.com
Домен  Имя пользователя

I-Windows Admin Center (WAC)

Ngaphezu kwamathuluzi ajwayelekile, iMicrosoft iphinde inikeze iWindows Admin Center (WAC), ithuluzi elisha lokuphatha iseva. Ifakwe endaweni kwingqalasizinda futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule iWindows Server emagcekeni nasezimweni zamafu, Windows 10 Ama-PC, amaqoqo, nengqalasizinda ehlanganisiwe.

Ukwenza imisebenzi, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuphatha kude iWinRM, WMI, kanye nemibhalo ye-PowerShell. Namuhla, i-WAC iyahambisana esikhundleni sokuthatha indawo yamathuluzi okuphatha akhona. Ngokusho kwabanye ochwepheshe, ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwewebhu esikhundleni sokufinyelela kude kwedeskithophu yokuphatha futhi kuyisu elilungile lokuphepha.

Indlela eyodwa noma enye, kodwa i-Windows Admin Center ayifakiwe ohlelweni lokusebenza, ngakho-ke ifakwe ngokwehlukana. Idinga landa kusayithi le-Microsoft.

Empeleni, i-Windows Admin Center ihlanganisa amathuluzi ajwayelekile e-RSAT kanye ne-Server Manager ibe isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu esisodwa.

I-Windows Admin Center isebenza ngesiphequluli futhi ilawula i-Windows Server 2019, i-Windows Server 2016, i-Windows Server 2012 R2, i-Windows Server 2012, i-Windows 10, i-Azure Stack HCI, nokunye ngesango le-Windows Admin Center elifakwe ku-Windows Server noma isizinda se-Windows 10. ukujoyina Isango liphatha amaseva lisebenzisa i-PowerShell elikude ne-WMI nge-WinRM. Nakhu ukuthi lonke uhlelo lubukeka kanjani:

I-Windows Admin Center Gateway ikuvumela ukuthi uxhume ngokuphephile futhi uphathe amaseva noma yikuphi ngokusebenzisa isiphequluli.

Umphathi Wokuphathwa Kweseva ku-Windows Admin Center uhlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:

• ukuboniswa kwezinsiza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo;
• ukuphathwa kwesitifiketi;
• ukuphathwa kwedivayisi;
• ukubuka imicimbi;
• umqhubi;
• ukuphathwa kwe-firewall;
• ukuphathwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe;
• ukumisa abasebenzisi bendawo namaqembu;
• izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi;
• ukubuka nokuqeda izinqubo, kanye nokudala izindawo zokulahla;
• ushintsho lokubhalisa;
• ukuphatha imisebenzi ehleliwe;
• Ukuphathwa kwensiza yeWindows;
• vumela futhi uvale izindima nezici;
• ukuphatha imishini ebonakalayo ye-Hyper-V kanye nokushintsha okubonakalayo;
• ukuphathwa kwesitoreji;
• ukuphathwa kwe-replica yesitoreji;
• ukuphatha izibuyekezo zeWindows;
• Ikhonsoli ye-PowerShell
• uxhumano lwedeskithophu ekude.

Okusho ukuthi, cishe ukusebenza okugcwele kwe-RSAT, kodwa hhayi konke (bona ngezansi).

I-Windows Admin Center ingafakwa ku-Windows Server noma Windows 10 ukuphatha amaseva akude.

I-WAC+RSAT nekusasa

I-WAC inikeza ukufinyelela kufayela, idiski nokuphathwa kwedivayisi, kanye nokuhlelwa kokubhalisa - yonke le misebenzi ayitholakali ku-RSAT, futhi ukuphathwa kwediski kanye nedivayisi ku-RSAT kungenzeka kuphela ngesixhumi esibonakalayo sesithombe.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amathuluzi okufinyelela kude e-RSAT asinika ukulawula okuphelele kwezindima kuseva, kuyilapho i-WAC ingenamsebenzi kulokhu.

Ngakho, singaphetha ngokuthi ukuze uphathe ngokugcwele iseva ekude, inqwaba ye-WAC + RSAT manje iyadingeka. Kodwa i-Microsoft iyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa i-Windows Admin Center njengokuphela kwendlela yokuphatha eyisithombe ye-Windows Server 2019 ngokuhlanganiswa kokusebenza okugcwele kokuthi "Isiphathi Seseva" kanye ne-Microsoft Management Console (MMC) yokungena ngesankahlu.

I-Windows Admin Center okwamanje imahhala njengesengezo, kodwa iMicrosoft ibheka ukuyibona njengethuluzi layo lokuphatha iseva eliyinhloko esikhathini esizayo. Kungenzeka impela ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa i-WAC izofakwa ku-Windows Server, njengoba amathuluzi e-RSAT manje esefakiwe.

Emalungelo Wokukhangisa

VDSina inikeza ithuba loku-oda iseva ebonakalayo ku-Windows. Sisebenzisa kuphela imishini yakamuva, okuhle kunakho konke iphaneli yokulawula iseva yomklamo wethu kanye nezinye izikhungo zedatha ezihamba phambili e-Russia nase-EU. Ilayisensi ye-Windows Server 2012, 2016, noma ka-2019 ifakiwe ohlelweni oluno-4 GB we-RAM noma ngaphezulu. Shesha uku-oda!

Source: www.habr.com