Ukuvuza kwedatha e-Ukraine. Ukufana nomthetho we-EU

Ihlazo lokuputshuka kwedatha yelayisensi yokushayela nge-Telegram bot laduma kulo lonke elase-Ukraine. Izinsolo ziqale zawela kuhlelo lwezinsiza zikahulumeni elithi “DIYA”, kodwa ukubandakanyeka kwesicelo kulesi sigameko kwenqatshwa ngokushesha. Imibuzo evela ochungechungeni oluthi "ubani oputshuze idatha futhi kanjani" izophathiswa umbuso omelwe amaphoyisa ase-Ukraine, i-SBU kanye nochwepheshe bekhompyutha nezobuchwepheshe, kodwa indaba yokuhambisana nomthetho wethu mayelana nokuvikelwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu namaqiniso e inkathi yedijithali yacatshangelwa umbhali wencwadi, uVyacheslav Ustimenko, ongumeluleki enkampanini yabameli i-Icon Partners.

I-Ukraine ilwela ukujoyina i-EU, futhi lokhu kusho ukwamukelwa kwezindinganiso zaseYurophu zokuvikela idatha yomuntu siqu.

Ake silingise icala futhi sicabange ukuthi inhlangano engenzi nzuzo evela e-EU iputshuze inani elifanayo ledatha yelayisense yokushayela futhi leli qiniso lanqunywa izikhungo zomthetho zendawo.

E-EU, ngokungafani ne-Ukraine, kunomthethonqubo wokuvikela idatha yomuntu siqu - i-GDPR.

Ukuvuza kubonisa ukwephulwa kwezimiso ezichazwe ku:

• I-Athikili 25 GDPR Ukuvikelwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu ngokuklama nangokuzenzakalelayo;
• I-athikili 32 GDPR. Ukuphepha kokucubungula;
• I-athikili 5 isigatshana 1.f GDPR. Isimiso sobuqotho nokugcinwa kuyimfihlo.

E-EU, izinhlawulo zokwephula i-GDPR zibalwa ngazinye, ngokwenza lokho zizohlawuliswa ama-euro angu-200,000+.

Yini okufanele ishintshwe e-Ukraine

Umkhuba ozuzwe ohlelweni lokusekela i-IT kanye namabhizinisi aku-inthanethi kokubili e-Ukraine nakwamanye amazwe ubonise izinkinga kanye nempumelelo ye-GDPR.

Ngezansi kunezinguquko eziyisithupha okufanele zifakwe emthethweni wase-Ukraine.

#Vumelanisa uhlaka lomthetho lube senkathini yedijithali

Kusukela kwasayinwa Isivumelwano Senhlangano ne-EU, i-Ukraine ibithuthukisa umthetho omusha wokuvikela idatha, futhi i-GDPR isiphenduke isibani esiyisiqondiso.

Ukuphasisa umthetho wokuvikela idatha yomuntu siqu kwakungelula kangako. Kubonakala sengathi kukhona "i-skeleton" ngendlela yomthetho we-GDPR futhi udinga nje ukwakha "inyama" (ukuvumelanisa nezinkambiso), kodwa izinkinga eziningi eziphikisanayo ziphakama, kokubili ngokombono wokwenza kanye nomthetho. .

Isibonelo:

• izovula idatha izothathwa njengomuntu siqu,
• ingabe umthetho uzosebenza ezikhungweni zomthetho,
• yimuphi umthwalo wemfanelo wokwephula umthetho, ingabe inani lenhlawulo lizoqhathaniswa nelaseYurophu, njll.

Iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi umthetho udinga ukulungiswa futhi ungakopishwa ku-GDPR. Kusenezinkinga eziningi ezingakaxazululwa e-Ukraine ezingajwayelekile emazweni e-EU.

#Ukuhlanganisa amagama

Nquma ukuthi iyini idatha yomuntu siqu kanye nolwazi oluyimfihlo. Umthethosisekelo wase-Ukraine, Isigaba 32, uyakwenqabela ukucutshungulwa kolwazi oluyimfihlo. Incazelo yolwazi oluyimfihlo iqukethwe okungenani emithethweni engamashumi amabili.

Izingcaphuno ezivela emthonjeni wangempela ngesi-Ukrainian lapha

• ulwazi ngobuzwe, imfundo, isiko lomndeni, izinguquko zenkolo, isimo sezempilo, amakheli, usuku kanye nendawo yokuzalwa (Ingxenye 2 ye-Article 11 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Olwazini");
• ulwazi mayelana nendawo yokuhlala (Ingxenye 8 ye-Article 6 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Ngenkululeko yokudlulisa nokukhetha mahhala indawo yokuhlala e-Ukraine");
• ulwazi mayelana nezici zempilo yemiphakathi, etholwe ekuhlukunyezweni kwemiphakathi (I-Article 10 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Ngokuhlukunyezwa kwemiphakathi");
• idatha eyinhloko isusiwe ekuqhubeni Ukubalwa Kwabantu (I-athikili 16 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Ngokubalwa Kwabantu Kwabase-Ukraine");
• izitatimende ezilethwe ngumfakisicelo ukuze aqashelwe njengombaleki noma ukuvikelwa okukhethekile, okuzodinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe (Ingxenye 10, Isigaba 7 soMthetho wase-Ukraine "Kubabaleki nokuvikelwa okukhethekile, okuzodinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe noma okufika ngesikhathi");
• ulwazi olumayelana nediphozithi yempesheni, izinkokhelo zempesheni kanye nemali engenayo yokutshalwa kwezimali (imali engaphezulu) eyabelwa i-akhawunti yomuntu ngamunye yempesheni yombambiqhaza wesikhwama sempesheni, i-akhawunti yediphozi yempesheni yezimpahla ezibonakalayo ib, izinkontileka zomshwalense wempesheni yangaphambi kweminyaka yobudala (Ingxenye 3 ye-Article 53 of Umthetho Wase-Ukraine “Kumshwalense Wempesheni Ongewona OkaHulumeni”) ;
• ulwazi mayelana nesimo sempahla yempesheni etshalwe ku-akhawunti yempesheni eqongelelekayo yomuntu onomshwalense (Ingxenye 1 ye-Article 98 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Kumshwalense Wempesheni Wezwe Lomthetho");
• ulwazi mayelana nendaba yenkontileka yokuthuthukiswa kocwaningo lwesayensi noma ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kanye namarobhothi ezobuchwepheshe, inqubekelaphambili yabo kanye nemiphumela (I-Article 895 ye-Civil Code yase-Ukraine)
• Ulwazi olungasetshenziswa ukuhlonza umuntu wesaphulamthetho esincane noma lokho okuhlanganisa iqiniso lokuzibulala kwengane (Ingxenye 3 ye-Athikili 62 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine “Ku-TV Nomsakazo Wezokuxhumana”);
• Ulwazi mayelana nomufi (I-Article 7 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Ezinkonzo zomngcwabo");
  izitatimende mayelana nokukhokhwa kwezisebenzi (I-Article 31 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Ekukhokhweni kwabasebenzi" Izitatimende mayelana nokukhokhwa kwezisebenzi zikhishwa kuphela ezimweni zomthetho, kodwa futhi ngokubona kwesisebenzi);
• izicelo nezinto zokwakha zokukhishwa kwamalungelo obunikazi (Isigaba 19 soMthetho wase-Ukraine “Ekuvikeleni Kwamalungelo Emikhiqizo Namamodeli”);
• ulwazi olungatholakala emibhalweni yezinqumo zenkantolo futhi lwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza umuntu wenyama, okuhlanganisa: amagama (amagama, ngokusho kukababa, isiteketiso) abantu benyama; indawo yokuhlala noma ukusebenza ngokomzimba kusuka emakhelini aqokiwe, izinombolo zocingo kanye neminye imininingwane yokuxhumana, amakheli e-imeyili, izinombolo zokumazisi (amakhodi); izinombolo zokubhaliswa kwezimoto zokuthutha (Isigaba 7 soMthetho wase-Ukraine “Ekufinyeleleni izinqumo zomkhumbi”).
• idatha emayelana nomuntu othathwe ngaphansi kokuvikelwa ezinqubweni zobugebengu (Isigaba 15 soMthetho wase-Ukraine "Ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwabantu ababamba iqhaza ekuqulweni kwecala");
• izinto zokusetshenziswa komuntu ongokwenyama noma osemthethweni wokubhaliswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-Roslin, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-Roslin (Isigaba 23 soMthetho wase-Ukraine "Ekuvikeleni kwamalungelo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Roslin");
• idatha mayelana nommeli enkantolo noma isikhungo somthetho, esithathwe ngaphansi kokuvikelwa (Isigaba 10 soMthetho wase-Ukraine “Ekuvikeleni okunamandla kwamaphoyisa enkantolo nasezikhungweni zomthetho”);
• iqoqo lamarekhodi amayelana nabantu abaye babhekana nodlame (idatha yomuntu siqu) etholakala Kurejista, kanye nolwazi olunokufinyelela okwabiwe. (Ingxenye 10, Isigaba 16 soMthetho wase-Ukraine “Ekuvinjweni Nokuvimbela Udlame Lwasekhaya”);
• Ulwazi oluphathelene nokugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwezimpahla ezihamba ngentambo yezempi yase-Ukraine (Ingxenye 1 ye-Athikili 263 Yekhodi Yezempi Yase-Ukraine);
• Ulwazi okufanele lufakwe esicelweni sokubhaliswa kombuso kwemikhiqizo yezokwelapha kanye nezithasiselo kubo (ingxenye 8 ye-athikili 9 yoMthetho wase-Ukraine "Emikhiqizweni yezokwelapha");

#Suka emibonweni yokuhlola

Kunemiqondo eminingi yokuhlola ku-GDPR. Imiqondo yokulinganisa ezweni elingenawo umthetho owandulelayo (okusho i-Ukraine) iyindawo enkulu "yokugwema isibopho" kunokuba wusizo emphakathini nasezweni lonke.

#Yethula umqondo we-DPO

Isikhulu sokuvikela idatha (i-DPO) singuchwepheshe ozimele wokuvikela idatha. Umthetho kufanele ngokucacile futhi ngaphandle kwemiqondo yokuhlola ulawule isidingo sokuqokwa okuyisibopho kochwepheshe esikhundleni se-DPO. Bakwenza kanjani e-European Union ebhalwe lapha.

#Thola izinga lokuzibophezela ngokuphulwa emkhakheni wedatha yomuntu siqu, ukwehlukanisa izinhlawulo kuye ngobukhulu (inzuzo) yenkampani.

• 34 izinkulungwane hryvnia

  Akukabi bikho isiko lokuvikelwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu e-Ukraine; Umthetho wamanje othi "Okuvikeleka Kwedatha Yakho" uthi "ukwephulwa komthetho kuhlanganisa isikweletu esisungulwe ngumthetho." Inhlawulo ngaphansi Kwekhodi Yokuphatha yokufinyelela ngokungemthetho kudatha yomuntu siqu kanye nokwephulwa kwamalungelo ezifundo ifinyelela ku-UAH 34,000.

• 20 million euros

  Inhlawulo yokwephula i-GDPR inkulu kakhulu emhlabeni - ifika ku-20,000,000 euros, noma kufika ku-4% wesamba semali engenayo yonyaka yenkampani yonyaka wezimali odlule. I-Google ithole inhlawulo yokuqala yama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-50 ngokwephula ubumfihlo bedatha ehlanganisa izakhamuzi zaseFrance.

• 114 million euros

  I-GDPR igubhe unyaka wayo wesibili ngoMeyi futhi yaqoqa ama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-2 ngenhlawulo. Abalawuli bavame ukukhomba izinkampani ezinkulu ezinezigidi zedatha yabasebenzisi.

  Uxhaxha lwamahhotela i-Marriott International kanye neBritish Airways babhekene nezinhlawulo zezigidigidi zamadola kulo nyaka ngokwephulwa kwedatha okulindeleke ukuthi yehlule i-Google ukuze bathole izinhlawulo eziphezulu. Abalawuli base-UK baxwayise ngokuthi bahlela ukubajezisa imali elinganiselwa ku-$366 million.

  Izinhlawulo ezinoziro abayisithupha zikhishelwa izinkampani zomhlaba wonke esizisebenzisa nsuku zonke amasevisi azo. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi izinkampani ezincane, ezingajwayelekile azikho ngaphansi kwezijeziso.

  Inkampani yeposi yase-Austrian ithole inhlawulo yama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-18 ngokudala nokudayisa amaphrofayili abantu abayizigidi ezingu-3 aqukethe ulwazi olumayelana namakheli, izinto ezithandwayo kanye nezinhlangano zezombusazwe.

  Isevisi yokukhokha e-Lithuania ayizange isuse idatha yomuntu siqu yamakhasimende lapho sasingasekho isidingo sokucutshungulwa futhi yathola inhlawulo yama-euro angu-61,000.

  Inhlangano engenzi nzuzo e-Belgium ithumele ukumaketha nge-imeyili okuqondile ngisho nangemva kokuba abamukeli bephumile futhi bathola inhlawulo engu-€1000.

  I-1000 euros ayilutho uma iqhathaniswa nokulimala kwesithunzi.

#Injabulo ayikho inhlawulo

"Noma ubani ofuna ukwazi ulwazi ngami uzothola noma kunjalo, naphezu komthetho" - yilokhu okushiwo abantu abaningi e-Ukraine nasemazweni e-CIS, ngeshwa.

Kodwa abantu abambalwa nabancane bakholelwa ukuthi umbono ongalungile mayelana "bazontshontsha isithombe sepasipoti futhi bathathe imali ebolekiwe egameni lami," ngoba ngisho ne-original yepasipoti yomunye umuntu ezandleni zakho akunakwenzeka ngokomthetho ukwenza lokhu.

Abantu bahlukaniswe ngamakamu ama-2:

• "ama-paranoids" akholelwa enkolweni yedatha yomuntu siqu acabange ngaphambi kokuhlola ibhokisi futhi avume ukucutshungulwa kwedatha.
• "labo abangenandaba", noma abantu abavuza idatha yabo yomuntu siqu kunethiwekhi, abacabangi ngemiphumela. Bese kuntshontshwa amakhadi abo esikweletu, babhalisele izinkokhelo eziphindelelayo, ama-akhawunti abo ezithunywa zebiwe, ama-imeyili abo ayagetshengwa, noma i-cryptocurrency ikhishwa esikhwameni sabo.

Inkululeko kanye nentando yeningi

Ukuvikelwa kolwazi lomuntu siqu kumayelana nenkululeko yokuzikhethela yomuntu, isiko lomphakathi kanye nentando yeningi. Kulula ukuphatha umphakathi ngedatha eyengeziwe; kungenzeka ukubikezela ukukhetha komuntu futhi umqhubele esenzweni osifunayo. Kunzima ukuthi umuntu enze njengoba afuna uma ebhekiwe, umuntu uyakhululeka, futhi ngenxa yalokho, elawulwa, okungukuthi, umuntu ngokungazi lutho akenzi njengoba efuna, kodwa njengoba eqiniseka ukwenza.

I-GDPR ayiphelele, kodwa igcwalisa umqondo oyinhloko kanye nomgomo e-EU - abantu baseYurophu baye baqaphela ukuthi umuntu ozimele ungumnikazi ngokuzimela futhi ulawula idatha yakhe yomuntu siqu.

I-Ukraine isekuqaleni kohambo lwayo, umhlabathi uyalungiswa. Kusukela kuhulumeni, izakhamizi zizothola umbhalo omusha womthetho, okungenzeka kube yinhlangano ezimele elawulayo, kodwa abantu base-Ukraine ngokwabo kumele beze kumagugu esimanje ase-Europe kanye nokuqonda ukuthi intando yeningi ngo-2020 kufanele ibe khona endaweni yedijithali.

PS ngibhala ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. amanethiwekhi mayelana nezomthetho kanye nebhizinisi le-IT. Ngizojabula uma ubhalisela enye yama-akhawunti ami. Lokhu kuzokwengeza ugqozi lokuthuthukisa iphrofayela yakho nokusebenza kokuqukethwe.

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Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. Ngena ngemvume, wamukelekile.

Bhala mayelana nomthetho we-Russian Federation kudatha yomuntu siqu?

• 51,4%yebo19

• 48,6%kungcono ukhethe esinye isihloko18

Bangu-37 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-19 bagobile.

Source: www.habr.com