I-VPS ku-Linux ene-graphical interface: yethula iseva ye-X2Go ku-Ubuntu 18.04

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso VNC и zomxhaso Sesivele siyingcweti kuseva ebonakalayo, kusasele ukuhlola enye inketho yokuxhuma kwideskithophu ebonakalayo ye-Linux. Amathuba adalwe yinkampani NoMachine umthetho olandelwayo NX ziyathakazelisa, futhi zisebenza kahle eziteshini ezihamba kancane. Izixazululo zeseva ezishibhile ziyabiza (amaklayenti amahhala), kodwa kukhona nokuqaliswa kwamahhala, okuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko - uhlelo. X2 Hamba. Ikhishwe kuphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile I-FreeNX,lapho NoMachine wayeka ukumeseka amdedele antante ngokukhululeka.

Incazelo:

• Ifaka indawo yesithombe
• I-Russification yeseva nokufakwa kwesofthiwe
• Ifaka iseva ye-X2Go
• Uxhumano Lwedeskithophu
• Ukusebenzisa uhlelo kukhompuyutha eyirimothi
• Izinzuzo ze-X2Go

Ifaka indawo yesithombe

Ideskithophu yesithombe ebonakalayo ku-Linux ayidingi imishini enamandla kuze kube yilapho umsebenzisi eqala ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ezivivinyweni, sizothatha isilinganiso esiqinile se-Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS enamakhompiyutha amabili, amagigabhayithi amane e-RAM kanye ne-hard drive yamagigabhayithi angamashumi amabili (HDD). Izithombe ze-Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS sezivele zitholakala ku-RuVDS; inqubo yokusetha inguqulo yakamuva izofana. Ungakhohlwa ukusebenzisa ikhodi yephromo ethi Habrahabr10 ukuze uthole isaphulelo sika-10% ku-oda lakho.

Siphinde sikhethe i-XFCE njengendawo yethu yedeskithophu ngenxa yezidingo eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa zezinsiza zekhompyutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikho izinkinga ngokusebenzisa le DE ngokufinyelela kude ezindaweni ezibonakalayo:

sudo apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodies xorg dbus-x11 x11-xserver-utils

I-Russification yeseva nokufakwa kwesofthiwe

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukusetha ukwenziwa kwasendaweni futhi ufake isethi encane yezinhlelo zohlelo lokusebenza: isiphequluli, iklayenti le-imeyili kanye nehhovisi. Okokuqala, faka ukuhumusha kwezinhlelo zesistimu:

sudo apt-get install language-pack-ru

Masimise ukwenziwa kwasendaweni:

sudo update-locale LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8

Umphumela ofanayo ungafinyelelwa ngokuhlela ngesandla /etc/default/locale.

Ngokwenziwa kwasendaweni kwe-GNOME ne-KDE, inqolobane ine- language-pack-gnome-ru kanye namaphakheji e-language-pack-kde-ru - uzowadinga uma usebenzisa izinhlelo ezivela kulezi zindawo zedeskithophu. Ku-XFCE, ukuhumusha kufakwa nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Okulandelayo ungafaka izichazamazwi:

# Словари для проверки орфографии
sudo apt-get install hunspell hunspell-ru

# Тезаурус для LibreOffice
sudo apt-get install mythes-ru

# Англо-русский словарь в формате DICT
sudo apt-get install mueller7-dict

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kokuhunyushiwe kungase kudingeke kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza:

# Браузер Firefox
sudo apt-get install firefox firefox-locale-ru

# Почтовый клиент Thunderbird
sudo apt-get install thunderbird thunderbird-locale-ru

# Офисный пакет LibreOffice
sudo apt-get install libreoffice libreoffice-l10n-ru libreoffice-help-ru

На этом подготовка окружения рабочего стола завершена.

Ifaka iseva ye-X2Go

Izinguqulo ezizinzile zeseva ye-X2Go kanye neklayenti zingafakwa endaweni yokugcina yangaphandle I-PPA (Ingobo yomlando yamaphakheji omuntu siqu) ivuliwe I-Launchpad noma kumakhosombe ajwayelekile okukhishwa kwamanje kwe-Ubuntu. Sizogxila ekukhetheni kwesibili, njengoba izinguqulo zesofthiwe kuyo yomibili imithombo ziyafana, kodwa uma udinga amaphakheji engeziwe, kuzodingeka uxhume inqolobane yomuntu wesithathu. Sidinga ukufaka amaphakheji amabili:

sudo apt-get install x2goserver x2goserver-xsession

Uma usebenzisa imvelo ye-MATE noma ye-LXDE, amaphakheji engeziwe azodingeka (awadingeki ku-XFCE):

sudo apt-get install x2gomatebindings # if you use MATE/mubuntu
sudo apt-get install x2golxdebindings # if you use LXDE/lubuntu

I-icing ekhekheni: I-X2Go isebenza nge-SSH futhi ayidingi ukucushwa okwengeziwe. I-VPS kufanele ibe ne-sshd esebenzayo kanye nokufinyelela ku-port 22 emithethweni yokuvikela umlilo. Njengoba sikhuluma ngeseva ebonakalayo, lokhu cishe sekuvele kwenziwa ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Kulula ukuvula ukufinyelela okukude nge-SSH emshinini ongokoqobo. Okusele nje ukuhlola isimo seseva ye-X2Go:

sudo systemctl status x2goserver

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukudala umsebenzisi ongenalungelo ukuze asebenze nemvelo yedeskithophu:

sudo adduser desktopuser

Ake sengeze umsebenzisi eqenjini le-sudo ukuze akwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ehlobene nokuphatha. Uma singekho isidingo esinjalo, ungeqa lesi sinyathelo:

sudo gpasswd -a desktopuser sudo

Uxhumano Lwedeskithophu

Isofthiwe yeklayenti le-X2Go ye-Windows, Linux ne-OS X iyatholakala download on isayithi iphrojekthi. Iklayenti le-Android lisathuthukiswa, futhi izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula zamahhala ezivela ku-NoMachine azihambisani neseva ye-X2Go. Uma une-Ubuntu efakwe kwikhompyutha yangakini, vele wengeze iphakheji ye-x2goclient:

sudo apt-get install x2goclient

Ukuze silondoloze ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezilwane, kulokhu sizothatha iklayenti Windows:

Lapha ungamisa izilungiselelo zokuxhuma, amadivaysi okufaka/okukhiphayo, namadivayisi we-multimedia.

Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, ideskithophu ye-XFCE izovela ngemva kokuxhuma.

Ukusebenzisa uhlelo kukhompuyutha eyirimothi

Kwesinye isikhathi, esikhundleni sendawo yedeskithophu egcwele ngokugcwele, udinga ukusebenzisa uhlelo olusebenzisa izinsiza (isibonelo, i-IDE) kukhompyutha ekude. Lokhu akunzima ukukwenza; vele ucacise uhlobo lweseshini efanele kanye nomyalo kuzilungiselelo zokuxhuma.

Isiphequluli esisebenza ku-VPS ekude eno-Ubuntu

Kukhona futhi izinketho ezingavamile zokusebenzisa i-X2Go: uhlelo luvumela, isibonelo, ukuxhuma kuseshini yomsebenzisi kukhompuyutha ekude (njengaku-TeamViewer). Kulokhu, zombili izingxenye zeklayenti nezeseva kufanele zifakwe kuyo yomibili imishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingekile ukuchaza amaphrofayili esikhathi kuklayenti ngalinye: ungafaka futhi ulungiselele i-x2gobroker ukuze uwachaze kuseva. Ukuze wenze lokhu uzodinga ukuxhuma inqolobane yomuntu wesithathu namaphakheji engeziwe.

Izinzuzo ze-X2Go

Ngokungafani nohlelo lwe-VNC olunomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, i-X2Go isebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-NX 3 ethuthukisiwe ukuze yehlise inani ledatha edluliswayo. Uhlelo luneseva yalo ye-X, ngaphandle kwalokho, aludingi izilungiselelo futhi lunamandla athuthukile. Sikhulume kuphela ngeziyisisekelo kakhulu, kodwa i-X2Go ingenza okuningi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ukusakaza umsindo nevidiyo kusuka kuseva kuya kuklayenti, ukuphrinta kuphrinta yasendaweni (kwi-VPS kuzodingeka ufake amaphakheji engeziwe ukuze ulungiselele iphrinta ebonakalayo) kanye nezinkomba ezabiwe. Ukusebenzisana neseva kwenzeka nge-sshd ethembekile nehlolwe isikhathi - izindlela zokuqinisekisa ezivikelekile ziyatholakala kumsebenzisi, kuhlanganisa. ngezihluthulelo. I-X2Go imisa ngokuzenzakalelayo indawo yakho lapho ungena (asikho isidingo sokugcina iseva ye-X isebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi), isekela umsebenzi wabasebenzisi abaningi kanye nezimo zedeskithophu ezaziwa kakhulu, futhi ayibulali iseshini yakho ngisho nangemva kokulahlekelwa uxhumano.

Source: www.habr.com