Ngo-Agasti 6, 1991 kungabhekwa njengosuku lokuzalwa lwesibili lwe-Intanethi. Ngalolu suku, u-Tim Berners-Lee wethule iwebhusayithi yokuqala emhlabeni kuseva yewebhu yokuqala emhlabeni, etholakala ku- . Insiza ichaze umqondo we-"World Wide Web" futhi iqukethe imiyalelo yokufaka iseva yewebhu, kusetshenziswa isiphequluli, njll. Le sayithi futhi kwaba uhla lwemibhalo lwe-inthanethi lokuqala emhlabeni ngoba u-Tim Berners-Lee kamuva wathumela futhi wagcina uhlu lwezixhumanisi eziya kwamanye amasayithi lapho. Kwakuyisiqalo esiyingqopha-mlando esenza i-inthanethi yaba yilokho esikwaziyo namuhla.
Asiboni isizathu sokungaphuzi futhi sikhumbule ezinye izehlakalo zokuqala emhlabeni we-Intanethi. Yiqiniso, lesi sihloko sabhalwa futhi sahlolwa ngokubanda: kuyethusa ukuqaphela ukuthi abanye ozakwethu bancane kunesayithi lokuqala ngisho nesithunywa sokuqala, futhi wena ngokwakho ukhumbula ingxenye enhle yalokhu njengengxenye ye-biography yakho. Hey, isikhathi sokuthi sikhule?
U-Tim Berners-Lee kanye wakhe iwebhusayithi yokuqala emhlabeni
Ake siqale ngoHabr
Kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi okuthunyelwe kokuqala ku-Habré kufanele kube ne-ID=1 futhi kubukeke kanje: . Kodwa lesi sixhumanisi siqukethe inothi lomsunguli we-Habr u-Denis Kryuchkov mayelana nokudalwa kwe-Wiki-FAQ ka-Habrahabr (uyakhumbula ukuthi igama lika-Habr laliyisikhathi eside?), elingafani nhlobo nokuthunyelwe kokuqala kokwamukela.
Yile ndlela uHabr ayebukeka ngayo ngo-2006
Kuvele ukuthi le ncwadi empeleni bekungeyona eyokuqala (uHabr uqobo lwethulwa ngoMeyi 26, 2006) - sikwazile ukuthola incwadi kusukela ngo-... Januwari 16, 2006! . Ngalesi sikhathi besesivele sifuna ukubiza u-Sherlock Holmes ukuze embule le tangle (kahle, leyo ekuphawu). Kodwa thina, mhlawumbe, sizobiza i-hacker enolwazi kakhulu ukusiza. Ukuthanda kanjani lokhu? ?
Futhi yile ndlela amabhulogi okuqala ezinkampani ku-Habré ayebukeka ngayo.
Kodwa-ke, ungashiya amazwana kukho kokubili okuthunyelwe, futhi akekho obhale lapho kusukela ngo-2020 (futhi lo nyaka kufanele nakanjani ufakaze).
Inkundla yezokuxhumana yokuqala
Inethiwekhi yokuqala yezokuxhumana emhlabeni i-Odnoklassniki. Kodwa ungasheshi ukuziqhenya ngaleli qiniso noma umangale ngakho: sikhuluma ngenethiwekhi yaseMelika i-Classmates, eyavela ngo-1995 futhi kwakuyinto efanayo owawucabanga ngayo emshweni wokuqala wesigaba. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzisi ukhetha izwe, isikole, unyaka wokuthweswa iziqu futhi, ngemva kokubhaliswa, ucwiliswa emkhathini okhethekile wenethiwekhi enjalo yokuxhumana nabantu. Ngendlela, isayithi liye lahlelwa kabusha futhi lisekhona nanamuhla - ngaphezu kwalokho, lisathandwa kakhulu.
O, lelo olintshi!
Kodwa ingobo yomlando yewebhu ikhumbula yonke into - lokhu yilokho kanye ukusebenzelana kwesayithi kwakunjani ekuqaleni kokuba khona kwayo
E-Russia, inethiwekhi yokuqala yokuxhumana nabantu yavela ngo-2001 - lena yi-E-Xecutive, inethiwekhi ethandwayo futhi esebenzayo yochwepheshe (ngendlela, kunezinto eziningi eziwusizo nemiphakathi lapho). Kodwa i-Odnoklassniki yasekhaya yavela kuphela ngo-2006.
Isiphequluli sewebhu sokuqala
Isiphequluli sokuqala savela ngo-1990. Umbhali nomthuthukisi wesiphequluli kwakungu-Tim Berners-Lee ofanayo, owabiza isicelo sakhe... I-World Wide Web. Kodwa igama lalide, kunzima ukulikhumbula futhi liphazamisa, ngakho isiphequluli ngokushesha saqanjwa kabusha futhi saziwa ngokuthi i-Nexus. Kodwa i-Internet Explorer “eyintandokazi” yendawo yonke yakwaMicrosoft kwakungesona ngisho isiphequluli sesithathu emhlabeni; iNetscape, aka Mosaic kanye nomanduleli weNetscape Navigator edumile, Erwise, Midas, Samba, njll., yazihlanganisa phakathi kwayo ne-Nexus. Kodwa kwaba i-IE eyaba isiphequluli sokuqala ngomqondo wesimanje, i-Nexus yenza imisebenzi emincane kakhulu: yasiza ukubuka amadokhumenti amancane namafayela kukhompyutha ekude (nakuba lokhu kuwumnyombo wazo zonke iziphequluli, ngoba, njengoba i-Linkusoids isho, yonke into. ifayela). Ngendlela, bekukulesi siphequluli lapho iwebhusayithi yokuqala yavulwa.
Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Nexus
Futhi futhi umdali ngendalo
I-Erwise isiphequluli sokuqala emhlabeni esinokuxhumana okunemifanekiso kanye nekhono lokusesha ngombhalo ekhasini
Isitolo sokuqala se-inthanethi
Ukuvela kwe-Intanethi njengenqwaba yamakhompiyutha axhumene akukwazanga ukushiya ibhizinisi lingenandaba, ngoba livule amathuba amasha okuthola imali nokungena endaweni yokuhweba ecishe ingalawulwa ngaleso sikhathi (sikhuluma ngo-1990 nakamuva; ngaphambi kwalokho, i-Intanethi , ngokuphambene nalokho, kwakuyindawo eyimfihlo kakhulu). Ngo-1992, izindiza zaba ngabokuqala ukungena endaweni yokuhweba nge-inthanethi, zithengisa amathikithi ku-inthanethi.
Isitolo sokuqala se-inthanethi sithengise izincwadi, futhi ngalesi sikhathi cishe usuvele uqagele ukuthi ubani umdali waso? Yebo, uJeff Bezos. Futhi uma ucabanga ukuthi uMnu. Bezos wayezithanda izincwadi ngokuzimisela futhi ephupha ngokwenza umhlaba ufundiseke futhi uthande ukufunda, kusho ukuthi unephutha. Umkhiqizo wesibili kwakungamathoyizi. Kokubili izincwadi namathoyizi kuyimpahla edumile, ekulungele futhi ukulondolozwa nokuhlungwa, futhi ezingenalo usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi futhi ezingadingi izimo zokugcina ezibucayi ikakhulukazi. Kulula futhi ukupakisha izincwadi namathoyizi futhi akudingeki ukhathazeke ngobuthaka, ukuphelela, njll. Usuku lokuzalwa luka-Amazon lungoJulayi 5, 1994.
Umshini wesikhathi ukhumbula kuphela i-Amazon kusukela ekupheleni kuka-1998. DVD, Motorola - iphi iminyaka yami engu-17?
E-Russia, isitolo sokuqala se-inthanethi savulwa ngo-Agasti 30, 1996, futhi sasiyi-bookstore books.ru (ngithemba ukuthi uyazi ukuthi siyaphila futhi namuhla). Kodwa kubonakala kithi ukuthi eRussia wayebuye abe ngumthandi wencwadi ngokubiza komphefumulo wakhe, nokho izincwadi ezweni lakithi ziyimpahla, mhlawumbe, ukuthandwa kwaphakade.
Books.ru ngo-1998
Isithunywa sokuqala
Ukuze ngigweme izimpi, ngizobeka amazwana ukuthi asikhulumi ngezinhlelo zemiyalezo ezinomkhawulo wokufinyelela, kodwa mayelana nalezo zithunywa ezatholakala ngokuqondile enkathini ye-Intanethi "yomhlaba wonke". Ngakho-ke, umlando wesithunywa uqala ngo-1996, lapho inkampani yakwa-Israyeli i-Mirabilis yethula i-ICQ. Yayinezingxoxo zabasebenzisi abaningi, ukusekelwa kokudluliswa kwefayela, ukusesha komsebenzisi, nokunye okuningi.
Enye yezinguqulo zokuqala ze-ICQ. Sithathe isithombe ku-Habré futhi sisincoma ngokushesha
I-IP telephony yokuqala
I-IP telephony yaqala ngo-1993 - 1994. UCharlie Kline udale iMaven, uhlelo lokuqala lwe-PC olungadlulisa izwi ngenethiwekhi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, uhlelo lwenkomfa ngevidiyo i-CU-SeeMe, olwakhiwe e-Cornell University lwe-Macintosh PC, lwaduma. Zombili lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zithole ukuthandwa kwe-cosmic - ngosizo lwazo, ukundiza kwe-shuttle Endeavor kwasakazwa eMhlabeni. UMaven udlulise umsindo, futhi iCU-SeeMe yadlulisela isithombe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, izinhlelo zahlanganiswa.
CU-SeeMe interface. Umthombo: ludvigsen.hiof.no
Ividiyo yokuqala ku-YouTube
I-YouTube yethulwe ngokusemthethweni ngoFebhuwari 14, 2005, futhi ividiyo yokuqala yalayishwa ngo-Ephreli 23, 2005. Ividiyo ngokuhlanganyela kwakhe yafakwa kuwebhusayithi ngomunye wabadali be-YouTube, uJaved Karim (oqoshwe umngane wakhe wesikole u-Yakov Lapitsky). Ividiyo ithatha imizuzwana engu-18 futhi ibizwa ngokuthi “Me at the zoo.” Wayengazi okwamanje ngokuthi hlobo luni lwezu ezoqala kule nkonzo, o, wayengazi.
Ngendlela, lena ukuphela kwevidiyo esele evela "kokuhlola", eyokuqala. Ngeke ngiphinde ngilandise isakhiwo, zibonele wena:
I-meme yokuqala
I-meme yokuqala ye-inthanethi yangena emiphefumulweni nasezingqondweni zamakhulu ezinkulungwane zabasebenzisi ngo-1996. Yasungulwa ngabadwebi ababili bezithombe - uMichael Girard noRobert Lurie. Le vidiyo iveze ingane encane edansela iculo elithi Hooked on a Feeling kamculi uMark James. Ababhali bathumele "ividiyo enamathelayo" kwezinye izinkampani, yabe isisakazeka ku-imeyili yenani elikhulu labasebenzisi. Cishe angazi lutho mayelana memes, kodwa ubukeka kancane scary.
Phela, le vidiyo empeleni ibiyisikhangiso - ikhombise amakhono amasha ohlelo lwe-Autodesk. Ukunyakaza kwe-“baby Uga-chaga” kwaqala ukuphindwa emhlabeni wonke (yize babengakwazi ukukuthumela ku-YouTube ngaleso sikhathi). I-meme ngokusobala ibe yimpumelelo.
Futhi uyazi ukuthi sicabangani. Ngabe thina-ke, njengezingane kanye nentsha, siye sacabanga ukuthi isiphetho singasihlanganisa enkampanini eyodwa i-RUVDS, lapho amaseva akhona cishe u-0,05% we-RuNet ehamba. Futhi sinesibopho salo lonke ibhayithi yaleli nani elikhulu lolwazi. Cha, bangane, lokhu akuyona iphupho - lokhu kungukuphila, okwabekwa izandla zoQala.
I-athikili ayiqukethe zonke "izinto zobuciko zokuqala" ze-inthanethi. Sitshele, yini into yokuqala owayizwa ku-inthanethi? Ake sizitike nge-nostalgia, akunjalo?
Source: www.habr.com