Ithimba lethu lijabule kakhulu ukwabelana ngezindaba zokuthi uhlelo lokuqapha lomthombo ovulekile lwamahhala lukhishiwe !
Ingabe inguqulo 4.2 iyimpendulo yombuzo oyinhloko wokuphila, indawo yonke kanye nokuqapha ngokujwayelekile? Ake sibheke!
Masikhumbule ukuthi i-Zabbix iwuhlelo lomhlaba wonke lokuqapha ukusebenza nokutholakala kwamaseva, ubunjiniyela nemishini yenethiwekhi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, imininingwane yolwazi, amasistimu wokubonwayo, iziqukathi, izinsizakalo ze-IT, nezinsizakalo zewebhu.
I-Zabbix isebenzisa umjikelezo ogcwele kusukela ekuqoqeni idatha, ukucutshungulwa nokuyiguqula, ihlaziye idatha etholiwe, futhi iphethe ngokugcina le datha, ukubona ngeso lengqondo nokuthumela izexwayiso kusetshenziswa imithetho yokukhushulwa. Uhlelo futhi luhlinzeka ngezinketho eziguquguqukayo zokwandisa ukuqoqwa kwedatha nezindlela zokuxwayisa, kanye nekhono lokuzenzakalela nge-API. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu esisodwa sisebenzisa ukuphathwa okumaphakathi kokuqapha ukucushwa nokusabalalisa kwamalungelo okufinyelela kumaqembu ahlukahlukene abasebenzisi. Ikhodi yephrojekthi isatshalaliswa ngokukhululeka ngaphansi kwelayisensi .
I-Zabbix 4.2 inguqulo entsha engeyona eye-LTS enesikhathi sosekelo esifushanisiwe. Kubasebenzisi abagxile kumjikelezo wempilo ende wemikhiqizo yesofthiwe, sincoma ukusebenzisa izinguqulo ze-LTS, ezifana ne-3.0 kanye ne-4.0.
Ngakho-ke, ake sikhulume ngezici ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwenguqulo 4.2:
Izinkundla ezisemthethweni ezengeziwe
Ngokungeziwe kumaphakheji asemthethweni akhona, siphinde sinikeze izakhiwo ezintsha ze:
- I-RaspberryPi, i-Mac OS/X, i-SUSE Enterprise Linux Server 12
- I-MSI ye-ejenti ye-Windows
- Izithombe ze-Docker
Ukusekelwa kwe-Prometheus eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokuqapha uhlelo lokusebenza
I-Zabbix ingaqoqa idatha ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene (iphushe/idonse) emithonjeni yedatha eyahlukene. Lezi yi-JMX, SNMP, WMI, HTTP/HTTPS, RestAPI, XML Soap, SSH, Telnet, ama-agent kanye nemibhalo neminye imithombo. Manje hlangana nokusekelwa kwe-Prometheus!
Uma sikhuluma ngokuqinile, ukuqoqa idatha kubathumeli bempahla bakwa-Prometheus kwakungenzeka esikhathini esidlule ngenxa yohlobo lwesici sedatha ye-HTTP/HTTPS nezinkulumo ezivamile.
Kodwa-ke, inguqulo entsha ikuvumela ukuthi usebenze no-Prometheus ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka ngenxa yokusekelwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kolimi lombuzo we-PromQL. Futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamamethrikhi ancike kukuvumela ukuthi uqoqe futhi ucubungule idatha ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu: ucela idatha kanye, bese siyixazulula ngokuya ngamamethrikhi adingekayo.
Ukuthola inani lemethrikhi ethile
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukutholwa kwezinga eliphansi manje kungasebenzisa idatha eqoqiwe ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-metrics ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kulokhu, i-Zabbix iguqula idatha etholiwe ibe ifomethi ye-JSON, elula kakhulu ukusebenza nayo.
Ukuthola amamethrikhi kusetshenziswa isihlungi ngolimi lombuzo lwe-PromQL
Okwamanje akhona amanye amasevisi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle ezisebenzisa i-Zabbix. Ukusekelwa kwe-Prometheus kuzokuvumela ukuthi ungeze isethi yonke yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinabathengisi be-Prometheus abasemthethweni noma abasekelwa umphakathi. Lokhu ukuqapha izinsiza ezidumile, iziqukathi nezinsiza zamafu.
Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kwefrikhwensi ephezulu
Ingabe sifuna ukubona izinkinga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka? Yebo, akungabazeki! Kaningi, le ndlela iholela ekutheni sidinga ukwenza inhlolovo amadivayisi futhi siqoqe idatha kaningi, okubeka umthwalo omkhulu ohlelweni lokuqapha. Ungakugwema kanjani lokhu?
Sisebenzise indlela yokwehlisa amandla emithethweni yokucubungula ngaphambilini. I-Trottling, empeleni, isinika ithuba lokweqa amanani afanayo.
Ake sicabange ukuthi siqapha isimo sohlelo lokusebenza olubucayi. Njalo ngomzuzwana sihlola ukuthi uhlelo lwethu lokusebenza luyasebenza noma cha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Zabbix ithola ukusakazwa okuqhubekayo kwedatha kusuka ku-1 (esebenzayo) no-0 (engasebenzi). Isibonelo: 1111111111110001111111111111…
Lapho yonke into ihlelekile ngesicelo sethu, i-Zabbix ithola ukugeleza kokukodwa kuphela. Ingabe zidinga ukucutshungulwa? Ngokuvamile, cha, ngoba sinesithakazelo kuphela ekuguquleni isimo sohlelo lokusebenza, asifuni ukuqoqa nokugcina idatha engaka. Ngakho, i-throttling ikuvumela ukuthi weqe inani uma lifana nedlule. Ngenxa yalokho, sizothola kuphela idatha mayelana noshintsho lwesimo, isibonelo, 01010101... Lolu ulwazi olwanele ukuthola izinkinga!
I-Zabbix imane indiva amanani angekho, awarekhodiwe emlandweni futhi awazithinti izibangeli nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngokombono we-Zabbix, awekho amanani ashodayo.
Ziba amanani ayimpinda
Kuhle! Manje singakwazi ukuhlola amadivayisi kaningi futhi sithole izinkinga ngokushesha ngaphandle kokugcina ulwazi olungadingekile kusizindalwazi.
Kuthiwani ngezithombe? Azoba nalutho ngenxa yokuntuleka kwedatha! Futhi ungazi kanjani ukuthi i-Zabbix iqoqa idatha uma iningi lale datha lingekho?
Nathi sacabanga ngalokho! I-Zabbix inikezela ngolunye uhlobo lokudonsa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Kanye ngomzuzu sihlola ukuthi imethrikhi iyaphila yini
Kulesi simo, i-Zabbix, naphezu kokugeleza kwedatha okuphindayo, izogcina okungenani inani elilodwa esikhathini esibekiwe. Uma idatha iqoqwa kanye ngesekhondi, futhi isikhawu sisethelwe kumzuzu owodwa, i-Zabbix izoguqula ukusakaza ngakunye kwesibili kwamayunithi ibe ukusakaza kwamaminithi. Kulula ukubona ukuthi lokhu kuholela ekucindezelweni okuphindwe ka-60 kwedatha eyamukelwe.
Manje siyaqiniseka ukuthi idatha iyaqoqwa, umsebenzi we-nodata() trigger uyasebenza futhi konke kuhamba kahle ngamagrafu!
Ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha eqoqiwe nokuphathwa kwamaphutha
Akekho kithi ofuna ukuqoqa idatha eyiphutha noma engathembekile. Isibonelo, siyazi ukuthi inzwa yezinga lokushisa kufanele ibuyisele idatha ephakathi kuka-0°C no-100°C futhi noma yiliphi elinye inani kufanele lithathwe njengelingelona iqiniso futhi/noma lishaywe indiva.
Manje lokhu kungenzeka kusetshenziswa imithetho yokuqinisekisa idatha eyakhelwe ekucubunguleni kwangaphambili ukuthobelana noma ukuntula ukuhambisana nezinkulumo ezivamile, ububanzi bevelu, i-JSONPath ne-XMLPath.
Manje singakwazi ukulawula ukusabela ephutheni. Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphandle kwebanga, khona-ke singavele sizibe inani elinjalo, simise inani elizenzakalelayo (isibonelo, 0°C), noma sichaze umlayezo wethu wephutha, isibonelo, “Inzwa ilimele” noma “Shintsha ibhethri.”
Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-100, unganaki okunye
Isibonelo esihle sokusetshenziswa kokuqinisekisa yikhono lokuhlola idatha yokokufaka ukuze uthole ubukhona bomlayezo wephutha bese usetha leli phutha kuyo yonke imethrikhi. Lokhu kuwumsebenzi owusizo kakhulu lapho ulanda idatha kuma-API angaphandle.
Noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwedatha kusetshenziswa i-JavaScript
Uma imithetho eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokucubungula ngaphambilini ibinganele, manje sesinikeza inkululeko ephelele sisebenzisa imibhalo yangokwezifiso ye-JavaScript!
Umugqa owodwa nje wekhodi wokuguqula iFahrenheit iye kuCelsius
Lokhu kuvula amathuba angapheli okucubungula idatha engenayo. Inzuzo engokoqobo yalokhu kusebenza ukuthi asisadingi imibhalo yangaphandle ebesiyisebenzisela ukwenza noma yikuphi ukukhohlisa kwedatha. Manje konke lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa i-JavaScript.
Manje ukuguqulwa kwedatha, ukuhlanganisa, izihlungi, izibalo nokusebenza okunengqondo nokunye okuningi kungenzeka!
Imonyula ulwazi oluwusizo kokuphumayo kwe-Apache mod_status!
Ukuhlola ukucubungula ngaphambilini
Manje asikho isidingo sokuqagela ukuthi izikripthi zethu eziyinkimbinkimbi zokucubungula zisebenza kanjani. Manje sekunendlela elula yokuhlola ukuthi ngabe ukucutshungulwa kwangaphambili kusebenza ngendlela efanele yini ngokuqondile kusixhumi esibonakalayo!
Sicubungula izigidi zamamethrikhi ngomzuzwana!
Ngaphambi kwe-Zabbix 4.2, ukucubungula kusengaphambili kwakusingathwa ngokukhethekile iseva ye-Zabbix, eyayikhawulela ikhono lokusebenzisa ama-proxi ukuze kusatshalaliswe umthwalo.
Ukuqala nge-Zabbix 4.2, sithola ukukala umthwalo osebenza kahle ngokumangalisayo ngosekelo lokucutshungulwa kwangaphambili kohlangothi lommeleli. Manje abameleli bayakwenza!
Ngokuhambisana ne-throttling, le ndlela ivumela i-high-frequency, ukuqapha okukhulu kanye nezigidi zamasheke ngomzuzwana, ngaphandle kokulayisha iseva ephakathi ye-Zabbix. Ama-proxies acubungula amavolumu amakhulu wedatha, kuyilapho ingxenye encane kuphela yayo ifinyelela kuseva ye-Zabbix ngenxa yokunyakazisa, ukuhleleka okukodwa noma okubili kobukhulu ngaphansi.
Ukutholwa okulula kwezinga eliphansi
Khumbula ukuthi ukutholwa kwezinga eliphansi (LLD) kuyindlela enamandla kakhulu yokuthola ngokuzenzakalelayo noma iluphi uhlobo lwezinsiza zokuqapha (izinhlelo zamafayela, izinqubo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, amasevisi, njll.) nokudala ngokuzenzakalela izinto zedatha, izibangeli, amanodi enethiwekhi asekelwe kuzo nezinye. izinto. Lokhu konga isikhathi esimangalisayo, kwenza ukumisa kube lula, futhi kuvumela isifanekiso esisodwa ukuthi sisetshenziswe kubo bonke abasingathi ngezinsiza zokuqapha ezihlukene.
Ukutholwa kwezinga eliphansi kudinga i-JSON efomethwe ngokukhethekile njengokufaka. Yilokho, ngeke kusaba!
I-Zabbix 4.2 ivumela ukutholwa kwezinga eliphansi (LLD) ukuthi kusebenzise idatha engafanele ngefomethi ye-JSON. Kungani ibalulekile? Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uxhumane, isibonelo, nama-API angaphandle ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izikripthi futhi usebenzise ulwazi olutholiwe ukuze udale ngokuzenzakalelayo abasingathi, izakhi zedatha nezibangeli.
Ngokuhambisana nokusekelwa kwe-JavaScript, lokhu kudala amathuba amahle okudala izifanekiso zokusebenza ngemithombo yedatha eyahlukahlukene, njengesibonelo, ama-API wamafu, ama-API ohlelo, idatha ekufomethi ye-XML, CSV, njalo njalo.
Ukuxhumanisa i-JSON nolwazi mayelana nezinqubo ne-LLD
Amathuba awapheli ngempela!
Ukusekelwa kwe-TimescaleDB
Iyini i-TimescaleDB? Lena i-PostgreSQL evamile kanye nemojula yokunweba evela eqenjini le-TimescaleDB. I-TimescaleDB ithembisa ukusebenza okungcono ngenxa yama-algorithms asebenza kahle kakhulu nokwakheka kwedatha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye inzuzo ye-TimescaleDB ukwahlukanisa okuzenzakalelayo kwamatafula anomlando. I-TimescaleDB iyashesha futhi kulula ukuyigcina! Noma kunjalo, kufanele ngiqaphele ukuthi ithimba lethu alikenzi ukuqhathanisa okujulile kokusebenza ne-PostgreSQL evamile.
Okwamanje, i-TimescaleDB ingumkhiqizo osemusha futhi othuthuka ngokushesha. Sebenzisa ngokuqapha!
Ukuphathwa kwamathegi okulula
Uma amathegi angaphambili ayengaphathwa kuphela ezingeni le-trigger, manje ukuphathwa komaka kuvumelana nezimo kakhulu. I-Zabbix isekela omaka bezifanekiso nabasingathi!
Zonke izinkinga ezitholiwe zithola amathegi hhayi nje kuphela we-trigger, kodwa futhi nomsingathi, kanye nezifanekiso zalo msingathi.
Ichaza omaka benodi yenethiwekhi
Ukubhalisa okuzenzakalelayo okuvumelana nezimo
I-Zabbix 4.2 ikuvumela ukuthi uhlunge ababungazi ngamagama usebenzisa izinkulumo ezivamile. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala izimo zokutholwa ezihlukene zamaqembu ahlukene wamanodi enethiwekhi. Kulula kakhulu uma sisebenzisa imithetho eyinkimbinkimbi yokuqamba amadivaysi.
Ukutholwa kwenethiwekhi okuguquguqukayo okwengeziwe
Okunye ukuthuthukiswa kuhlobene nokuqanjwa kwamanodi enethiwekhi. Manje sekungenzeka ukuphatha amagama edivayisi ngesikhathi sokutholwa kwenethiwekhi futhi uthole igama ledivayisi kunani lemethrikhi.
Lona umsebenzi odingeka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekutholweni kwenethiwekhi kusetshenziswa i-SNMP ne-ejenti ye-Zabbix.
Yabela ngokuzenzakalelayo igama lesikhungo sendawo egameni elibonakalayo
Ihlola ukusebenza kwezindlela zesaziso
Manje usungazithumelela umlayezo wokuhlola ngokuqondile usuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo Sewebhu futhi uhlole ukuthi indlela yokwazisa iyasebenza yini. Lokhu kusebenza kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni imibhalo yokuhlanganisa i-Zabbix nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokuxwayisa, amasistimu emisebenzi nezinye izinhlelo zangaphandle nama-API.
Ukuqapha okukude kwezingxenye zengqalasizinda ye-Zabbix
Manje sekungenzeka ukuqapha ukude amamethrikhi angaphakathi eseva ye-Zabbix nommeleli (amamethrikhi okusebenza nempilo yezingxenye ze-Zabbix).
Kwenzelweni? Ukusebenza kukuvumela ukuthi uqaphe amamethrikhi angaphakathi eziphakeli nama-proxies avela ngaphandle, ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha futhi wazise ngezinkinga ngisho noma izingxenye ngokwazo zilayishwe ngokweqile noma, isibonelo, kunenani elikhulu ledatha engathunyelwanga kummeleli.
Usekelo lwefomethi ye-HTML yemiyalezo ye-imeyili
Manje asigcini ngombhalo ongenalutho futhi singakha imilayezo ye-imeyili emihle, ngenxa yokusekelwa kwefomethi ye-HTML. Isikhathi sokufunda i-HTML + CSS!
Imilayezo kulula ukuyiqonda ngisho nokusetshenziswa okuncane kwe-HTML
Ukufinyelela kumasistimu angaphandle kusuka kumakhadi enethiwekhi
Kunokusekelwa kwesethi yonke yamamakhro amasha kuma-URL wangokwezifiso ukuze kuhlanganiswe kangcono amamephu namasistimu angaphandle. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uvule, isibonelo, ithikithi ohlelweni lomsebenzi ngokuchofoza okukodwa noma okubili kusithonjana senodi yenethiwekhi.
Vula ithikithi e-Jira ngokuchofoza okukodwa
Umthetho wokutholwa ungaba into yedatha encikile
Kungani lokhu kudingekile - uyabuza. Lokhu kuvumela idatha yemethrikhi eyisisekelo ukuthi isetshenziselwe kokubili ukutholwa nokuqoqwa kwedatha eqondile. Isibonelo, esimweni sokuqoqa idatha kumthumeli we-Prometheus, i-Zabbix izokwenza isicelo esisodwa se-HTTP futhi ngokushesha isebenzise ulwazi olutholiwe kuwo wonke ama-elementi edatha ancike: amanani wemethrikhi kanye nemithetho yokutholwa kwezinga eliphansi.
Indlela entsha yokubona izinkinga kumamephu
Manje kunosekelo lwezithombe ze-GIF ezigqwayizayo kumamephu ukuze kubonakale izinkinga ngeso lengqondo.
Imishini eyinkinga isibonakala kakhulu
Imonyula idatha kuzihloko ze-HTTP ekuqaphelweni kwewebhu
Ku-Web Monitoring, ikhono lokukhetha idatha kusihloko esitholiwe se-HTTP lengeziwe.
Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale ukuqapha kwewebhu okuzinyathelo eziningi noma izimo zokuqapha i-API yenkampani yangaphandle usebenzisa ithokheni yokugunyaza etholwe kwesinye sezinyathelo.
Imonyula i-AuthID kunhlokweni ye-HTTP
I-Zabbix Sender isebenzisa wonke amakheli e-IP
I-Zabbix Sender manje ithumela idatha kuwo wonke amakheli e-IP ukusuka kupharamitha ye-ServerActive efayeleni lokumisa umenzeli.
Isihlungi esisha esilula ekucushweni kwesicupha
Ikhasi lokucushwa kwesicupha manje selinesihlungi esinwetshiwe sokukhethwa okusheshayo nokulula kwezingcupho ngokusekelwe kumibandela ethile.
Ukukhetha izibangeli ezihlobene nesevisi ye-K8S
Bonisa isikhathi esiqondile
Yonke into ilula lapha, manje i-Zabbix ikhombisa isikhathi esiqondile lapho uhambisa igundane phezu kweshadi.
Okunye okusha
- Kusetshenziswe i-algorithm ebikezelwe kakhudlwana yokushintsha ukuhleleka kwamawijethi kudeshibhodi
- Ikhono lokushintsha amapharamitha amaningi wezinto zedatha
- Usekelo lwe-IPv6 lokuhlola i-DNS: "net.dns" kanye "new.dns.record"
- Kwengezwe ipharamitha ethi "yeqa" yokuhlola okuthi "vmware.eventlog".
- Iphutha lokusayinda isinyathelo sokucubungula ngaphambili lihlanganisa inombolo yesinyathelo
Ungabuyekeza kanjani?
Ukuze uthuthukise kusukela kuzinguqulo zangaphambilini, udinga ukufaka kuphela (amaseva nama-proxies) kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esisha. I-Zabbix izobuyekeza ngokuzenzakalelayo isizindalwazi. Asikho isidingo sokufaka ama-ejenti amasha.
Sibamba ama-webinars amahhala kulabo abafuna ukufunda okwengeziwe nge-Zabbix 4.2 futhi babe nethuba lokubuza imibuzo ethimbeni le-Zabbix.
Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokudumile Umphakathi we-Zabbix, lapho ungathola khona izeluleko nezimpendulo zemibuzo yakho ngesiRashiya kozakwenu abanolwazi olunzulu, futhi, uma unenhlanhla, kubathuthukisi be-Zabbix ngokwabo. Inconyelwe abasaqalayo .
Izixhumanisi eziwusizo
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Source: www.habr.com