Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi kulayini womyalo

Unyaka Omusha uyeza, angisafuni ukucabanga ngomsebenzi onzima.

Wonke umuntu uzama ukuhlobisa okuthile ngeholide: ikhaya, ihhovisi, indawo yokusebenza ... Ake sihlobise okuthile futhi! Isibonelo, umyalo womugqa womyalo. Ngokwezinga elithile, umugqa womyalo nawo uyindawo yokusebenza.

Kokunye ukusatshalaliswa sekuvele "kuhlotshisiwe":

Kwezinye, impunga futhi ayibonakali:

Futhi singenza, isibonelo, kanje:

Yiqiniso, bonke omaka banokuthanda okuhlukile nemibala. Uma umbala onjalo ubonakala unzima futhi ungalungile kuwe, yazi-ke ukuthi leli phuzu lokubuka linelungelo lonke lokuphila. Futhi uma futhi ufuna ukwengeza umoya omncane Wonyaka Omusha, funda isihloko esifushane soNyaka Omusha kusuka ku-Cloud4Y.

Okokuqala, ngizochaza ukuthi ukuphuma kwetheminali “kunombala” kanjani. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukulandelana kokuphunyuka. Noma ngokuqondile, ukulandelana kwekhodi yokulawula yetheminali ye-ANSI/VT100. Okusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi i-emulator yakho yokugcina kufanele isekele leli zinga, ngaphandle kwalokho isimangaliso sikaNcibijane ngeke senzeke. Futhi yebo, i-$SHELL ithathwa njenge-bash yakho.

Le miyalo ibizwa ngokuthi ukulandelana kokuphunyuka ngoba ekuqaleni kwayo ngayinye kukhona uhlamvu lwe-ASCII "ukuphunyuka". Kukhona ukulandelana kokulawula okuningi, futhi kuvumela, isibonelo, ukubonisa izilungiselelo zetheminali, ukulawula isibonisi nokunyakaza kwekhesa, ukushintsha ifonti, ukususa nokufihla umbhalo. Sizokhetha eyodwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamathuba - ukushintsha umbala wombhalo nesizinda.

Yenza ukulandelana kwekhodi *ESC*[{attr1};...;{attrn}m
Njengophawu Escape ifomu layo le-octal liyasetshenziswa, okungukuthi 33. Ngokuqondene nezibaluli, nalu uhlu olufushane lwamanani angenzeka:

0 Setha kabusha zonke izici
1 Okukhanyayo (ukukhanya okungeziwe)
2 Dim
4 I-underscore
5 Ukucwayiza
7 Reverse
8 Kufihliwe (fihla umbhalo)

Imibala Yangaphambili (umbala wepeni, umbhalo uboniswa ngalo mbala):
30 Mnyama
31 Okubomvu
32 Okuhlaza
33 Okuphuzi
34 Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
35 I-magenta (magenta)
36 I-Cyan (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka)
37 Emhlophe

Imibala Yasemuva (umbala wephepha, noma umbala wangemuva):
40 Mnyama
41 Okubomvu
42 Okuhlaza
43 Okuphuzi
44 Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
45 I-magenta (magenta)
46 I-Cyan (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka)
47 Emhlophe

Qaphela ukuthi uma manje uyala kutheminali: echo 33[0;31mнекоторый текст 33[0m’

...bese uzothola i-monochrome gobbledygook kokuphumayo:

Kungani? Ngoba kwakudingeka ukusebenzisa amakhono athuthukile womyalo we-echo. Kwanele ukwengeza ukhiye owodwa: echo -e ‘ 33[0;31mнекоторый текст 33[0m’

Okukhiphayo manje kuzobukeka kulungile:

Sihlele umbala wokukhiphayo kutheminali. Manje ake sibone ukuthi ungafaka kanjani umbala ku-command prompt.

Lokhu kwenziwa ngokushintsha okuguquguqukayo kwe-PS1. Okuguquguqukayo kunesibopho somugqa womyalo womyalo. Ukubukeka kwayo kungabuye kushintshwe, kuhlanganise nokusebenzisa ukulandelana kokuphunyuka. Kepha kunomehluko omncane: udinga ukuqala ukulandelana ngophawu "[”, bese iphetha ngophawu oluthi “]”, uma kungenjalo izokhishelwa kutheminali.

Konke ukulandelana kwemiyalo okungenzeka kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe kubhukwana le-bash, ngakho-ke ngimema abafundi ukuthi bazikhethele lokho abakhetha ukukubona kumugqa womyalo. Njengesibonelo, ngizonikeza inani lami lokuguquguquka kwe-PS1:

[ 33[34;1m]t[ 33[0m],[ 33[32m]u@l@h[ 33[0m]:[ 33[33m]W[ 33[0m],[ 33
[31m]![ 33[0m]$n

Ngizochaza lesi silo esibi:

[33[34;1m] — vula umbala wefonti oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (isibaluli sesibili).
t – bonisa isikhathi samanje ngefomethi ethi HH: MM: SS
[33[0m] – setha kabusha amasethingi ombala wefonti
, - ukhefana (okungalindelekile, akunjalo?)
[33[32m] — vula umbala wefonti oluhlaza
u@l@h - bonisa igama lomsebenzisi, inombolo yetheminali yedivayisi negama lomsingathi elifushane, elihlukaniswe uphawu "@".
[33[0m] — setha kabusha amasethingi ombala wefonti futhi
: - ikholoni nje (ngokungazelelwe!)
[33[33m] — vula umbala wefonti ophuzi
W - bonisa igama lohlu lwamanje
[33[0m] — setha kabusha amasethingi ombala wefonti futhi
, - omunye ukhefana (ubani obengacabanga!)
[33[31m] — vula umbala wefonti obomvu
! — veza inombolo yomyalo kutheminali
[33[0m] - ungakhohlwa ukusetha kabusha izilungiselelo zombala wefonti
$ — phrinta u-“#” ukuze uthole impande bese kuthi “$” kubo bonke abanye
n - ukuhumusha komugqa. Kwani? Ukuze umyalo uqale onqenqemeni lwesobunxele lwefasitela, kunokuba ekugcineni komugqa womyalo.

Ungachaza kuphi kabusha okuguquguqukayo? Indawo enengqondo kakhulu yokwenza lokhu ngu-~/.bashrc.

Ukubukeka kwesimemo kunqunyelwe umcabango wakho kuphela. Eqinisweni, akukho lutho olukuvimbela ekwenzeni umugqa womyalo ngokushesha ngendlela yesihlahla sikaKhisimusi usebenzisa amathuluzi achazwe ngenhla. Yiqiniso, isimemo esinjalo sizoba nzima kakhulu, futhi umsebenzi ngeke ube lula kakhulu. Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi singavele siboniswe ngenhla komugqa womyalo lapho singena (sisadinga ukuhlela ~/.bashrc). Kwenze! Futhi ngiyabonga ngokunaka kwakho.

Yini enye ongayifunda kubhulogi? Cloud4Y

→ Isetha phezulu ku-GNU/Linux
→ AmaPentesters ahamba phambili ku-cybersecurity
→ Iziqalo ezingamangaza
→ Ingabe imicamelo iyadingeka esikhungweni sedatha?
→ Indlu eyakhiwe irobhothi

Bhalisela yethu yocingo-isiteshi ukuze ungaphuthelwa yisihloko esilandelayo! Asibhali ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngesonto futhi ngebhizinisi kuphela. Futhi sikukhumbuza ukuthi umhlinzeki wamafu webhizinisi i-Cloud4Y wethule iphromoshini ye-“FZ-152 Cloud ngentengo evamile”. Ungafaka isicelo kuze kube nguDisemba 31.

Source: www.habr.com