Amaholide oNyaka Omusha asondela futhi ngobusuku bamaholide namaholide sekuyisikhathi sokuphendula umbuzo: kuzokwenzekani nengqalasizinda ye-IT ngalesi sikhathi? Uzophila kanjani ngaphandle kwethu sonke lesi sikhathi? Noma mhlawumbe sebenzisa lesi sikhathi ekwenzeni ingqalasizinda ye-IT ibe yesimanje ukuze kungakapheli unyaka “yonke izisebenzele yona”?
Inketho lapho umnyango we-IT uhlose ukuphumula ndawonye nawo wonke umuntu (ngaphandle kwabaphathi abasemsebenzini, uma bekhona) idinga ukuqaliswa komsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi, ongaqokwa ngegama elivamile elithi "iqhwa".
Umsebenzi ohleliwe uyindlela ehlukile, lapho uthatha ithuba, ungazama ukuthatha ngokuthula noma yiziphi izenzo ezidingekayo, isibonelo, ukuthuthukisa inethiwekhi kanye/noma imishini yeseva.
"Qina"
Umgomo oyisisekelo walelisu uthi “Uma lisebenza, ungalithinti.”
Kusukela ephuzwini elithile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kumenyezelwa ukumiswa kwawo wonke umsebenzi,
okuhlobene nentuthuko kanye nokwenza ngcono.
Zonke izindaba ezimayelana nokwenza ngcono kanye nentuthuko zihlehliselwa esikhathini esizayo.
Izinsizakalo zokusebenza zihlolwe ngokuphelele.
Zonke izinkinga ezikhonjiwe ziyahlaziywa futhi zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: zixazululwa kalula
futhi kunzima ukususa.
Izinkinga ezilungiseka kalula zihlaziywa kuqala ukuze kutholwe ukuthi kuzokwenzekani
Uma? Umsebenzi wokuziqeda wenziwa kuphela uma kungekho
ubunzima obungase bube khona.
Izinkinga ezingalawuleki ziyarekhodwa futhi zibhalwe phansi, kodwa ukuqaliswa kwazo
kuhlehliswe kuze kuphele ukumiswa.
Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kwenziwa uhlelo lapho kufakwa khona izinto zokulawula,
lawula amapharamitha kanye nezindlela zokuqinisekisa.
Isibonelo, amaseva wefayela le-Windows - ukufunda izingodo zomcimbi, ukuhlola isimo
Uhlu lwe-RAID, njll.
Ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi inamathuluzi ayo okubika.
Okokusebenza okunosekelo lwenkundla yamafu Eqinisweni, azikho izinkinga ezikhethekile, uhlelo lusebenza, ulwazi luqoqwe.
Okwezicishamlilo, indima yomqoqi wedatha enjalo ingathathwa yisevisi
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Ingozi enkulu ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile kwemicimbi kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokumiswa okwesikhashana. Lapho wonke umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa usuqediwe, futhi impelasonto ayikafiki. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abasebenzi abazi ukuthi benzeni ngokwabo. Kwaphawulwa ukuthi zonke izinkinga zamaphupho amabi ezabangela inqwaba yomsebenzi oyisiphukuphuku ongadingekile wokuziqeda zaqala ngala mazwi: “Ngizomane ngizame...”.
Ukugcwalisa ikhefu emsebenzini ngezikhathi ezinjalo, umsebenzi ojulile wokubhala uphelele. Inzuzo yalokhu ikabili: hhayi nje ukugcina izandla ezidlalayo zothile namehlo acwazimulayo ematasa, kodwa nokunciphisa isikhathi esisithathayo ukuxazulula izigameko uma zivela.
Ngezimpelasonto namaholide, izisebenzi ngokuvamile azitholakali, ngakho-ke uma ulwazi lwakamuva lugcinwa kuphela ekhanda elikhazimulayo lomuntu, sekuyisikhathi sokulidlulisela ephepheni noma efayeleni.
Ngendlela, mayelana nemidiya yephepha. Naphezu kokumangalelwa kokubuyisela emuva, amakhophi aqinile wemibhalo, isibonelo, ukuphrinta kohlu lwamaseva anekheli le-IP ne-MAC, imidwebo yenethiwekhi, nemithethonqubo ehlukahlukene ingaba usizo kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi imithethonqubo yokuvumela nokukhubaza, ngoba isimo: ukuze uqalise kahle ingqalasizinda ye-IT, udinga ukufunda imibhalo bese uvula imishini, futhi ukuze ufunde imibhalo, udinga ukuvula imishini. - nakuba kungavamile, kuyenzeka. Isimo esifanayo senzeka lapho, ngaphambi kokunqamuka kukagesi, amaseva amaningi avalwa ngokuphephile, futhi idokhumenti edingekayo igcinwa kwenye yazo. Futhi-ke, izimo ezinjalo zivela ngesikhathi esingafanele kakhulu.
Ngakho, yonke imininingwane ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe ibhaliwe. Yini enye okumele uyinakekele?
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Hlola uhlelo lokugada amavidiyo, uma kunesidingo, khulula isikhala ohlelweni
ukugcinwa kwedatha yevidiyo. -
Hlola isistimu ye-alamu, kokubili umgqekezi nomlilo.
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Hlola ukuthi ngabe izikweletu ze-inthanethi, amagama wesizinda, ukusingathwa kwewebhusayithi kanye
ezinye izinkonzo zamafu. -
Hlola ukutholakala kwezingxenye eziyisipele, ngokuyinhloko ama-hard drive nama-SSD ukuze kufakwe amanye esikhundleni
Izinhlaka ze-RAID. -
Izinto ezishintshwayo (i-SPTA) kufanele zigcinwe eduzane namathuluzi ezihloselwe wona. Isimo lapho i-disk ihluleka endaweni ekude ngaphandle kwedolobha, futhi izingxenye zigcinwe ehhovisi eliphakathi, akumnandi kakhulu ngo-Eva Kancibijane.
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Buyekeza uhlu lothintana nabo abasebenzi abawusizo, okuhlanganisa unobhala (umphathi wehhovisi), umphathi wezokuphepha, umphathi wempahla, umgcini wesitolo kanye nabanye abasebenzi abangahlobene ngokuqondile nomnyango we-IT, kodwa abangase badingeke esimweni esibucayi.
KUBALULEKILE! Bonke abasebenzi bomnyango we-IT kufanele babe nabo bonke othintana nabo abadingekayo. Kuyinto eyodwa lapho abantu behlangana ehhovisi njalo, lapho ifayela eliyigugu elinezinombolo zocingo namakheli lihlala litholakala esisetshenziswa okwabelwana ngaso, futhi enye into lapho isisebenzi sizama ukuxazulula inkinga ukude lapho kungekho muntu ehhovisi.
QAPHELA! Uma okokusebenza kusendaweni yedatha, kufanele unakekele kusengaphambili amaphasi wabasebenzi abavunyelwe ukufinyelela okokusebenza ngezimpelaviki nangamaholide.
Okufanayo kusebenza esimweni lapho igumbi leseva litholakala esakhiweni esiqashiwe. Ungakwazi ukungena kalula esimweni lapho, ngentando "yeziphathimandla eziphakeme," ukufinyelela kunqunyelwe ngezimpelasonto namaholide futhi onogada abavumeli ngisho nomphathi wesistimu ukuba angene esakhiweni.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukunakekela ukusebenza kokufinyelela kude. Uma yonke into icace kakhulu ngamaseva - ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu, uma i-RDP noma i-SSH ingaphenduli - kukhona i-IPMI (isibonelo, i-ILO yamaseva e-HP noma i-IMM2 ye-IBM), ngakho-ke ngemishini ekude akulula kangako.
Abasebenzisi beZyxel Nebula basesimweni esizuzisa kakhulu kuleli cala.
Isibonelo, uma ukucushwa kwesango le-inthanethi kungalungiselelwanga kahle ngesikhathi somsebenzi ukude, ungasithola kalula isimo: "ukhiye wegumbi lezokwelapha lezimo eziphuthumayo ugcinwe egumbini lezokwelapha eziphuthumayo." Futhi kunento eyodwa kuphela esele okufanele yenziwe: woza ekamelweni leseva, ihhovisi, isikhungo sedatha, isayithi elikude, njll.
Ngenhlanhla yethu, i-Nebula ihlala ixwayisa ngezinkinga ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokucushwa okungalungile.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuphathwa kwamafu kusebenzisa uxhumano oluphumayo, lapho ucezu lwemishini yenethiwekhi ngokwalo lusungula uxhumano endaweni yokuphatha. Okusho ukuthi, asikho isidingo "sokukhetha izimbobo" ku-firewall, futhi kunengozi encane yokuthi ukusetha kabusha izilungiselelo kuzovala lezi "zimbobo" futhi.
ISELULEKO. Ku-Nebula ungafaka ulwazi mayelana nokubekwa kwemishini nokunye okuningi
abathintwayo ababalulekile njengenothi.
Umsebenzi ohleliwe
Amaholide oNyaka Omusha ayikhefu elingenamibandela emsebenzini kuphela kubasebenzi abavamile. Isikhathi esiningi umnyango wakwa-IT uphoqeleka ukuthi usebenzise lezi zinsuku zamahhala njengethuba lokuthola ingqalasizinda ngendlela efanele.
Ezimweni eziningi, akudingekile ukuthi ugibele izinyamazane, kodwa thuthukisa futhi wakhe kabusha ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT, futhi ulungise izinkinga ezindala obungakwazi ukufinyelela kuzo ngezinsuku ezijwayelekile. Izinto ezifana nokuphambanisa kabusha, ukushintsha izici zengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi, ukwakha kabusha isakhiwo se-VLAN, ukulungisa ukulungiselelwa kwemishini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha, nokunye.
Masihlole kafushane amaphuzu asemqoka okudingeka agcwaliswe ngesikhathi sokulungiselela nokuqaliswa komsebenzi ohleliwe.
Siphendula umbuzo: "Kungani?"
Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kwenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe wenziwa ngenjongo yokubonisa, ngoba yilokho abaphathi abakufunayo. Kulokhu, kungcono ukubuyela entweni "Yokuqandisa", "ukupenda kabusha" le nqubo ukuze kube yisimanjemanje. Ekugcineni, amadokhumenti kuyodingeka abuyekezwe kunoma yikuphi.
Sibhala kahle uhlelo
Kubonakala sengathi kuneseva, kodwa akekho owaziyo ukuthi yini esebenzayo kuyo. Kunokushintsha kwe-NoName endala enama-VLAN amisiwe, kodwa indlela yokuwashintsha noma ukuwalungiselela akwaziwa futhi akucaci.
Okokuqala, sicacisa futhi sithole wonke ama-nuances wezobuchwepheshe wengqalasizinda ye-IT, bese kuphela lapho sihlela okuthile.
Ubani umnikazi wale nqubo (insiza, isevisi, iseva, okokusebenza, izakhiwo, njll.)?
Umnikazi akaqondwa njengomnikazi wezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa njengomnikazi wenqubo. Isibonelo, le swishi isetshenziswa umnyango we-CCTV futhi ngemva kokumisa kabusha i-VLAN, amakhamera alahlekelwa ukuxhumana neseva yokugcina idatha yevidiyo - lokhu ngandlela thile kubi ngokuphelele futhi kufanele kuhlinzekwe "i-workaround" uma lokhu kudingekile ngempela. Inketho ethi "Oh, besingazi ukuthi lolu wucezu lwakho lwehadiwe" - empeleni, lokhu akufanele kwenzeke.
Njengasendabeni "yokuqandisa", sibuyekeza uhlu loxhumana nabo "kuzo zonke izikhathi", esingakhohlwa ukungeza abanikazi benqubo.
Ukwakha uhlelo lokusebenza
Uma uhlelo lugcinwe emakhanda ethu kuphela, alusizi ngalutho. Uma lisephepheni, lokho kungcono kancane. Uma kusetshenzwa ngokucophelela nabo bonke "abahlanganyeli bokuncintisana", kuhlanganise nenhloko yezokuphepha, okuzodingeka banikeze izihluthulelo zamahhovisi akhiyiwe uma kunesidingo, khona-ke lokhu sekuvele kukhona.
Uhlelo olunamasiginesha azo zonke izinhlobo zabaphathi, okungenani ngokuvumelana nomgomo othi: “Kwaziswa. Kuvunyelwene" - lokhu kuzokusindisa ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene ngefomu: "Kodwa akekho
Ngikuxwayisile! Ngakho-ke, zilungiselele ekugcineni ukulungiselela imibhalo efanele ukuze isayinwe.
Sakha ama-backups ayo yonke into, yonke into, yonke into!
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amakhophi okusekelayo awawona nje ikhophi yayo yonke idatha yebhizinisi, kodwa futhi amafayela wokumisa, ama-casts (izithombe) zamadiski esistimu, njalonjalo. Ngeke sihlale ngokuningiliziwe ekukopisheni idatha yebhizinisi nolwazi ukuze silulame ngokushesha. Uma sikhuluma ngethiyori kanye nokwenza isipele, khona-ke lokhu kunikezelwe
Ukuze wenze ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yokucushwa kwemishini yenethiwekhi, ungasebenzisa kokubili amandla akhelwe ngaphakathi okulondoloza amafayela okumisa namasevisi angaphandle njenge-Zyxel Nebula noma
Sisebenza kwezinye izindlela
Kuhlala kunesimo lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle noma ngesizathu esithile udinga ukusuka ohlelweni oluyinhloko. Isibonelo, umnyango ofanayo we-CCTV uguqule umqondo wawo ngokushintsha i-VLAN ekushintsheni kwayo. Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ube nempendulo yombuzo othi: "Kuthiwani uma?"
Ekugcineni, lapho konke sekulungisiwe, izindleko zomsebenzi sezihloliwe, amahora okusebenza aye abaliwe, futhi sesicabange ukuthi singakanani isikhathi sokuphumula namabhonasi okufanele sikucele lokhu - kufanelekile ukubuyela ephuzwini elithi “Kungani?” futhi. futhi uphinde ucubungule ngokujulile lokho okwakuhleliwe.
Sixhumanisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nezinye izici zomsebenzi
Akwanele ukuxwayisa. Kudingeka ukudlulisela kubaphathi nakwabanye abasebenzi ukuqonda okucacile kokuthi okuthile (noma yonke into) ingase ingasebenzi isikhathi esithile.
Udinga ukulungiselela iqiniso lokuthi isikhathi sokuphumula singancishiswa kakhulu kwezinye izingxenye
kuzomele liyekwe icebo?
“Ubufunani? Nina bochwepheshe be-IT nimosha imali kuphela futhi niphazamise umsebenzi! Jabulani ngokuthi okungenani kuvunyelwene ngakho!” — lezi izinhlobo zezimpikiswano ozizwa ngezinye izikhathi lapho uphendula noma yimuphi umbuzo ophathelene nomsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwenza izinto zibe zesimanjemanje.
Ake sibheke futhi ukuthi "Kungani?"
Sicabanga isikhathi eside ngale ndaba: “Kungani kudingeka konke lokhu?” kanye nokuthi “Ingabe umdlalo ulifanele ikhandlela?”
Futhi kuphela uma ngemva kwazo zonke lezi zigaba uhlelo ngaphandle kokungabaza, kufanelekile
qala ukufeza lokho osekucatshangwe, okuhleliwe, okulungiselelwe kanye
wavumelana nazo zonke iziphathimandla.
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Yiqiniso, ukubuyekezwa okufushane okunjalo akukwazi ukuchaza zonke izimo zokuphila. Kodwa sizame ngokweqiniso ukuchaza ezinye zezikhathi ezivame kakhulu. Futhi-ke, kuzohlale kunezinkampani kanye nezigaba lapho konke lokhu kucatshangelwa, imibhalo ekhethekile ibhaliwe futhi yamukelwa.
Kodwa akubalulekile. Kukhona okunye okubalulekile.
Into eyinhloko ukuthi yonke into ihamba ngokuthula futhi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Futhi kwangathi uNyaka Omusha ungaphumelela kuwe!
Iholide elihle, ozakwethu!
Izixhumanisi eziwusizo
- Wethu kwabanenethiwekhi. Siyasiza, siyaxhumana, sifunde ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezinhle ezivela ku-Zyxel.
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Source: www.habr.com