Muva nje bekukhona imicimbi emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo ezinemicu eminingi nesabalalisiwe: ingqungquthela (Julayi 11-12) kanye nesikole (Julayi 8-12). Abantu abasondelene nalesi sihloko bayakuqonda ukuthi ukuza eRussia Leslie Lamport, UMaurice Herlihy и UMichael Scott - umcimbi obaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa kwaphakama eminye imibuzo:
- Yini ongayilindela engqungqutheleni: "yezemfundo" noma "ukukhiqiza"?
- Kuhlobene kanjani isikole nengqungquthela? Ubani lona nalokhu okuhloswe kuye?
- Kungani zidlulana ngezinsuku?
- Ingabe ziyoba usizo kulabo abanganikelanga ukuphila kwabo konke ezinhlelweni ezisatshalaliswa?
Konke lokhu kwaziwa kahle kumuntu owaphilisa iHydra: umqondisi wethu Alexey Fedorov (). Wayiphendula yonke imibuzo.
Isimo
- Umbuzo oyisingeniso walabo abakude nezinhlelo ezisatshalaliswa: imayelana nani lezi zenzakalo zombili?
- Inselele yomhlaba wonke ukuthi eduze kwethu kunezinsizakalo ezinomthamo omkhulu wokusebenza kanye nemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi yekhompyutha engakwazi ukwenziwa kwikhompyutha eyodwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele kube nezimoto eziningana. Bese kuphakama imibuzo ehlobene nendlela yokuvumelanisa kahle umsebenzi wabo nokuthi yini okufanele bayenze ezimweni ezingezona ukwethembeka okuphezulu (ngoba imishini iyaphuka futhi inethiwekhi iyawa).
Uma kunemishini eminingi, amaphuzu okuhluleka ayanda. Yini okufanele uyenze uma imishini ehlukene ikhiqiza imiphumela ehlukene yezibalo ezifanayo? Okufanele ukwenze uma inethiwekhi inyamalala isikhathi esithile futhi ingxenye yezibalo iba yodwa, ungahlanganisa kanjani-ke konke? Ngokuvamile, kunezinkinga eziyisigidi ezihlobene nalokhu. Izixazululo ezintsha - izinkinga ezintsha.
Kule ndawo kunezindawo ezisetshenziswa ngokuphelele, futhi kunezinye zesayensi - into engakabi yinsakavukela. Ngingathanda ukukhuluma ngalokho okwenzekayo kokubili ekusebenzeni nakusayensi, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ekuhlanganeni kwabo. Yilokhu okuzobe kumayelana nengqungquthela yokuqala yakwaHydra.
- Ngingathanda ukuqonda iqiniso lokuthi kunengqungquthela, futhi kunesikole sasehlobo. Zihlobana kanjani? Uma isaphulelo senzelwe abahlanganyeli besikole ukuba baye engqungqutheleni, kungani-ke bedlulana ngezinsuku, ukuze kungenzeki ukuya kuyo yonke into ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa?
- Lesi sikole siwumcimbi wegumbi labantu abayi-100-150, lapho ochwepheshe abaholayo abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba beza bazonikeza izinkulumo izinsuku ezinhlanu. Futhi kuvela isimo lapho izinkanyiso ezisezingeni lomhlaba zibuthana eSt. Petersburg izinsuku ezinhlanu, zilungele ukusho okuthile. Futhi kulokhu, isinqumo siphakama sokuhlela hhayi kuphela isikole segumbi, kodwa futhi nengqungquthela enkulu.
Kungenzeka ukubamba isikole esinjalo kuphela ehlobo, ngoJulayi, ngoba phakathi kwalaba ochwepheshe kukhona oprofesa baseyunivesithi bamanje, futhi abakulungele nganoma yisiphi esinye isikhathi: banabafundi, amadiploma, izinkulumo, njalonjalo. Ifomethi yesikole yizinsuku ezinhlanu zaphakathi nesonto. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ehlobo ngezimpelasonto abantu bayathanda ukuya ndawana thize. Lokhu kusho ukuthi asikwazi ukubamba ingqungquthela kungaba ngempelasonto ngaphambi kokuphuma kwesikole noma ngempelasonto ukuphuma kwesikole.
Futhi uma uyelula izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kwempelasonto, khona-ke ngokumangalisayo izinsuku ezinhlanu zokuhlala kochwepheshe eSt. Petersburg ziphenduka eziyisishiyagalolunye. Futhi abakulungele lokhu.
Ngakho-ke, isixazululo esisitholile kwaba ukumane sibambe ingqungquthela ngokuhambisana nesikole. Yebo, lokhu kudala izinkinga. Kunabantu abafuna ukuya esikoleni nasenkomfeni, kuzomele baphuthelwe izinkulumo ezithile lapha noma laphaya. Okuhle wukuthi konke lokhu kuzokwenzeka emahholo angomakhelwane, ungagijima uye le. Futhi enye into enhle ukutholakala kokuqoshwa kwevidiyo, lapho ungabuka khona ngokuthula lokho okuphuthelwe.
— Lapho izenzakalo ezimbili zenzeka ngokufana, abantu baba nombuzo othi “iyiphi engiyidinga kakhudlwana?” Yini ngempela okufanele uyilindele kumuntu ngamunye, futhi imuphi umehluko?
- Isikole siwumcimbi wezemfundo kuphela, isikole sakudala sesayensi sezinsuku ezimbalwa. Noma ubani oke wabamba iqhaza kwisayensi futhi waba nokuthile esikoleni aneziqu unombono wokuthi siyini isikole sezemfundo.
Imvamisa imicimbi enjalo yezemfundo ayihlelwa kahle ngenxa yokushoda kobuchwepheshe bemicimbi kubantu abayenzayo. Kodwa sisengabafana abanolwazi, ngakho-ke singenza konke ngendlela efanele. Ngicabanga ukuthi ngokombono wenhlangano, i-SPTDC izoba yinhloko namahlombe ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isikole esisekelwe ocwaningweni owake wasibona.
Isikole se-SPTDC - lena ifomethi lapho inkulumo ngayinye enkulu ifundwa ngamapheya amabili: "ihora nesigamu - ikhefu - ihora nesigamu." Kumele uqonde ukuthi kungase kungabi lula kumuntu obambe iqhaza okokuqala ngqa: ngesikhathi lesi sikole sibanjwa okokuqala ngqa eminyakeni emibili edlule, nami ngangingajwayelekile, ngacisha izikhathi eziningana cishe phakathi nenkulumo ekabili, futhi kwase kuba nzima ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani. Kodwa lokhu kuncike kakhulu kumfundisi: umfundisi omuhle ukhuluma ngendlela ethakazelisa kakhulu amahora amathathu.
Hydra Conference - umcimbi ongokoqobo. Kuzoba nezinkanyiso ezimbalwa zesayensi abeze ukuzofundisa eSikoleni: kusuka , umsebenzi wawo osekelwe kuyo kanye ithiyori yezinhlelo ezinemicu eminingi nesabalalisiwe, ukuze , omunye wababhali bencwadi edumile mayelana ne-concurrency "I-Art of Multiprocessor Programming". Kodwa engqungqutheleni sizozama ukukhuluma ngokuthi ama-algorithms athile asetshenziswa kanjani empeleni, yiziphi izinkinga onjiniyela ababhekana nazo ekusebenzeni, ngubani ophumelelayo futhi ohlulekayo, kungani amanye ama-algorithms asetshenziswa ekusebenzeni kanti amanye awanjalo. Futhi-ke, ake sikhulume ngekusasa lokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezinezintambo eziningi nezisabalalisiwe. Okusho ukuthi, sizonikeza umkhawulo onjalo: isayensi yomhlaba ekhuluma ngayo manje, imiqondo yonjiniyela abahamba phambili izungeza, nokuthi konke kuhlangana kanjani.
- Njengoba ingqungquthela isetshenziswa kakhulu, ngeke yini kube nezikhanyiso zezemfundo kuphela, kodwa futhi nezikhulumi ezivela "zokukhiqiza"?
- Nakanjani. Sizama ukubheka zonke "ezinkulu": Google, Netflix, Yandex, Odnoklassniki, Facebook. Kunezinkinga ezithile ezihlekisayo. Isibonelo, wonke umuntu uthi: "I-Netflix iyisistimu esabalalisiwe, cishe ingxenye yethrafikhi yase-US, ipholile kakhulu," futhi uma uqala ukubheka imibiko yabo yangempela, izindatshana kanye nokushicilelwe, kungena ukudumazeka okuncane. Ngoba, nakuba lokhu kusezingeni lomhlaba futhi kune-egde yokusika, kuncane kwakho kunalokho okubonakala ekuqaleni.
Kuphakama inkinga ethokozisayo: ungashayela abamele izinkampani ezinkulu ezidumile, noma ungashayela umuntu osevele esimazi. Eqinisweni, ubuchwepheshe bukhona lapha nalaphaya. Futhi kunalokho sizama ukukhipha "abantu bemikhiqizo emikhulu kakhulu", kodwa ochwepheshe abakhulu kakhulu, abantu abathile.
Isibonelo, kuzoba noMartin Kleppmann, owake wenza i-LinkedIn futhi wakhululwa - mhlawumbe enye yezincwadi eziyisisekelo emkhakheni wezinhlelo ezisabalalisiwe.
- Uma umuntu engasebenzi ku-Netflix, kodwa enkampanini elula, angase azibuze: "Ingabe kufanele ngiye engqungqutheleni enjalo, noma kukhona zonke izinhlobo zeNetflix ezikhuluma zodwa, kodwa anginalutho?"
- Ngizokusho lokhu: lapho ngisebenza e-Oracle iminyaka engaphezudlwana kwemithathu, ngezwa izinto ezimangalisayo nezithakazelisa kakhulu ekhishini nasezindlini zokubhema, lapho ozakwethu bebuthene lapho benza izingxenye ezithile zesikhulumi seJava. Laba kungaba abantu abavela emshinini we-virtual, noma abavela emnyangweni wokuhlola, noma kusukela ku-concurrency yokusebenza - isibonelo, uLyosha Shiplev no-Seryozha Kuksenko.
Lapho beqala ukuxoxa ngokuthile bodwa, ngangivame ukulalela ngivule umlomo. Kimina lezi kwakuyizinto ezimangalisayo nezingalindelekile engangingakaze ngicabange ngazo. Ngokwemvelo, ekuqaleni angizange ngiqonde i-90% yalokho ababekhuluma ngakho. Khona-ke u-80% waba ongaqondakali. Futhi ngemva kokwenza umsebenzi wami wesikole futhi ngifunde izincwadi ezimbalwa, le nombolo yehla yafinyelela ku-70%. Kuningi abakhuluma ngakho phakathi kwabo angikakuqondi. Kodwa njengoba ngangihlezi ekhoneni ngiphethe inkomishi yekhofi futhi ngilalele, ngaqala ukuqonda kancane ukuthi kwakwenzekani.
Ngakho-ke, lapho i-Google, i-Netflix, i-LinkedIn, i-Odnoklassniki ne-Yandex ikhuluma, lokhu akusho ukuthi kuyinto engaqondakali futhi engathandeki. Kunalokho, kumelwe silalelisise, ngoba leli ikusasa lethu.
Yiqiniso, kunabantu abangakudingi konke lokhu. Uma ungafuni ukuthuthukisa kulesi sihloko, awudingi ukuya kule ngqungquthela, uzovele uchithe isikhathi lapho. Kodwa uma isihloko sithakazelisa, kodwa awuqondi lutho ngaso noma ubheka nje, kufanele uze, ngoba ngeke uthole lutho olufana naso noma kuphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngicabanga ukuthi hhayi eRussia kuphela, kodwa nasemhlabeni. Sizama ukwenza ingqungquthela engeke nje ibe umholi kulesi sihloko eRussia, kodwa ngokuvamile ehamba phambili emhlabeni.
Lona akuwona umsebenzi olula, kodwa uma sinethuba elimangalisayo lokuqoqa izikhulumi ezinamandla ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngizimisele ukunikeza okuningi ukuze ngikwenze kwenzeke. Yebo, abanye balabo esibamemele eHydra yokuqala ngeke bakwazi ukuza. Kodwa ngizokusho lokhu: asikaze siqale ingqungquthela entsha enohlu olunamandla kangaka. Ngaphandle, mhlawumbe, iJPoint yokuqala ngqa eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule.
— Ngingathanda ukwenaba kumagama athi “leli ikusasa lethu”: ingabe isihloko kamuva sizobathinta labo abangacabangi ngaso namuhla?
- Yebo, ngiqinisekile ngakho. Ngakho-ke, kimina kubonakala kulungile kakhulu ukuqala ukuxoxa ngakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Isibonelo, inkolelo-mbono ye-multithreading yavela kudala (ngawo-70s, umsebenzi wawusuvele ushicilelwe ngokugcwele), kodwa isikhathi eside babeyinqwaba yochwepheshe abancane, kwaze kwavela umsebenzisi wokuqala wekhompiyutha eyi-double-core. ekuqaleni kwawo-10. Futhi manje sonke sineziphakeli ze-multi-core, ama-laptops ngisho namafoni, futhi lokhu kuyinsakavukela. Kwathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-XNUMX ukuthi lokhu kusakazeke kabanzi, ukuze abantu baqonde ukuthi le nkulumo ayisona isifundazwe sendilinga encane yochwepheshe.
Futhi manje sibona cishe into efanayo ngamasistimu asabalalisiwe. Ngoba izixazululo eziyisisekelo ezifana nokusabalalisa umthwalo, ukubekezelela amaphutha nokunye sekwenziwe isikhathi eside, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu abaziyo, ngokwesibonelo, ukuvumelana okusabalalisiwe noma i-Paxos.
Omunye wemigomo ebaluleke kakhulu engizibekele yona kulo mcimbi ukucwilisa onjiniyela kakhulu kule ngxoxo. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ezingqungqutheleni ezinye izihloko nezisombululo akuxoxwa nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kuvela ithesorasi - ithuluzi lomqondo elihlangene.
Ngikubona kuwumsebenzi wami ukwakha inkundla lapho wonke umuntu engaxoxa ngakho konke lokhu, abelane ngolwazi nemibono. Ukuze mina nawe sibe nokuqonda okufanayo ngalokho okwenziwa yi-algorithm eyodwa, okwenziwa omunye, iyiphi engcono ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo, ukuthi zihlobene kanjani, njalo njalo.
Into ethakazelisa kakhulu ihlobene ne-multithreading efanayo. Lapho abangane bethu base-Oracle (ikakhulukazi uLesha Shipilev noSergey Kuksenko) beqala ukukhuluma ngenkuthalo ngokusebenza futhi, ikakhulukazi, ngokufunda okuningi, ngokoqobo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu kamuva le mibuzo yaqala ukubuzwa ezingxoxweni ezinkampanini, abantu baqala ukuxoxa ngayo. amagumbi okubhema. Okusho ukuthi, into okwakuyinqwaba yochwepheshe emincane yavele yaba yinto evamile.
Futhi lokhu kulungile kakhulu. Kubonakala kimi ukuthi sisize laba bafana ukuthi badume lonke lolu daba, olubaluleke ngempela, oluwusizo futhi oluthakazelisayo. Uma ngaphambilini kungekho noyedwa obecabanga ukuthi iseva ye-Java icubungula kanjani izicelo ngokuhambisana, manje abantu okungenani banokuqonda okuthile kokuthi kusebenza kanjani konke. Futhi lokho kuhle.
Umsebenzi engiwubonayo manje uwukwenza cishe okufanayo ngamasistimu asabalalisiwe. Ukuze wonke umuntu aqonde ukuthi iyini, ivelaphi, imiphi imisebenzi nezinkinga ezikhona, ukuze nalokhu kube okujwayelekile.
Izinkampani zinesidingo esikhulu sabantu abaqonda okuthile ngalokhu, futhi bambalwa abantu abanjalo. Lapho siqhubeka sidala lokhu okuqukethwe kanye nethuba lokufunda kukho, lapho sinikeza abantu amathuba amaningi okubuza imibuzo esemoyeni, maningi amathuba okuthi ngandlela thize siye kuleli cala.
prehistory
— Le ngqungquthela iyaqala ngqa, kodwa akukhona okokuqala kulesi sikole. Konke lokhu kwavela futhi kwathuthuka kanjani?
- Lena indaba ethokozisayo. Eminyakeni emibili edlule, ngoMeyi 2017, sahlala eKyiv noNikita Koval (), uchwepheshe emkhakheni we-multithreading. Futhi wangitshela ukuthi wawuzoba seSt .
Isihloko sohlelo olunemicu eminingi sibe mnandi ngendlela emangalisayo kule minyaka emithathu edlule yomsebenzi wami wobunjiniyela. Futhi-ke kwavela ukuthi ehlobo, abantu abadume kakhulu beza eSt. engayifunda. Futhi abaningi babangane bami babenokuthile kulokhu - isibonelo, u-Roma Elizarov (). Ngabona ukuthi ngangingeke ngiphuthelwe isenzakalo esinjalo.
Lapho kucaca ukuthi uhlelo lwesikole luka-2017 luzoba luhle, kwavela umqondo wokuthi izinkulumo kufanele ziqoshwe ngevidiyo. Thina kwa-JUG.ru Group sasinokuqonda okuphelele kokuthi lezo zinkulumo kufanele ziqoshwe kanjani. Futhi singena ku-SPTCC njengabafana abenze ividiyo yesikole. Ngenxa yalokho, zonke izinkulumo zesikole esiteshini sethu se-YouTube.
Ngaqala ukukhulumisana noPyotr Kuznetsov, owayengumcabango oyinhloko nomhleli walesi sikole, kanye noVitaly Aksenov, owasiza ekuhleleni konke lokhu eSt. Ngabona ukuthi lokhu kupholile futhi kuyathakazelisa futhi, mhlawumbe, kubi kakhulu ukuthi abahlanganyeli abangu-100 kuphela abangathinta ubuhle.
Lapho uPeter ecabanga ukuthi kufanele aqale isikole futhi (ngo-2018 kwakungekho amandla nesikhathi, ngakho wanquma ukukwenza ngo-2019), kwacaca ukuthi singamsiza ngokumane sisuse zonke izinto zenhlangano kuye. Yilokhu okwenzekayo manje, uPetru ubhekana nokuqukethwe, futhi senza konke okunye. Futhi lokhu kubonakala kuwuhlelo olulungile: Cishe uPeter unentshisekelo enkulu ohlelweni kunokuthi “wonke umuntu uzodla kuphi futhi nini isidlo sasemini.” Futhi sisebenza kahle ngamahholo, izindawo, nokunye.
Kulokhu, esikhundleni se-SPTCC, isikole sibizwa nge-SPTDC, hhayi "i-computing computing", kodwa "i-computing computing". Ngakho, lokhu cishe umehluko: okokugcina esikoleni abazange bakhulume ngezinhlelo ezisabalalisiwe, kodwa kulokhu sizokhuluma ngazo ngenkuthalo.
— Njengoba isikole singaqali ukubanjwa, singakwazi kakade ukufinyelela iziphetho ezithile zesikhathi esidlule. Kwenzekani ngesikhathi esidlule?
- Lapho kwakhiwa isikole sokuqala eminyakeni emibili edlule, kwakulindeleke ukuthi kube nomcimbi wezemfundo, ozothakazelisa kakhulu abafundi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngoba isikole singesiNgisi kuphela, futhi kwakucatshangwa ukuthi inani elikhulu labafundi bangaphandle lizofika.
Eqinisweni, kwavela ukuthi onjiniyela abaningi bavela ezinkampanini ezinkulu zaseRussia ezifana neYandex. Kwakukhona u-Andrey Pangin () kusuka ku-Odnoklassniki, kwakukhona abafana abavela ku-JetBrains abasebenza ngenkuthalo kulesi sihloko. Ngokuvamile, bekunobuso obuningi obujwayelekile bezinkampani zozakwethu lapho. Angimangazi nakancane, ngiqonda kahle ukuthi kungani beze lapho.
Empeleni abagqugquzeli bebelindele ukuthi kuzoba nezifundiswa eSikoleni, kodwa kungazelelwe kwaqhamuka abantu basembonini, kwase kungicacela ukuthi siyafuneka kulo mkhakha.
Uma umcimbi owawungakaze ukhuthazwe noma kuphi, ngokuchofoza umunwe kokuqala, uqoqe izethameli zabantu abadala, kusho ukuthi empeleni kunesithakazelo. Kimina kubonakala sengathi isicelo esiphathelene nalesi sihloko sedlulelwe yisikhathi.
UMaurice Herlihy emhlanganweni we-JUG.ru
- Ngaphandle kwesikole, uMaurice Herlihy ukhulume eSt. Petersburg emhlanganweni we-JUG.ru ngo-2017, mayelana nenkumbulo yokwenziwayo, futhi lokhu kuseduze kancane nefomethi yenkomfa. Obani ababeze ngaleso sikhathi - abantu abafanayo abavame ukuza ku-JUG.ru meetups, noma izethameli ezihlukile?
- Bekujabulisa ngoba siyaqonda ukuthi uMaurice uzoba nombiko ojwayelekile, hhayi oqondene ne-Java, futhi senze isimemezelo esibanzi kancane kunalokho esivame ukwenzela ababhalisile bethu bezindaba ze-JUG.
Abantu abaningi engibaziyo bavela emiphakathini engahambisani nhlobo ne-Java: bevela esixukwini se-.NET, bevela esixukwini se-JavaScript. Ngoba isihloko senkumbulo yokwenziwayo asihlobene nobuchwepheshe obuthile bokuthuthukisa. Uma uchwepheshe osezingeni lomhlaba efika ezokhuluma ngenkumbulo yetransaction, ukuphuthelwa ithuba lokulalela umuntu onjalo nokumbuza imibuzo kuwubugebengu nje. Kuba nethonya elinamandla lapho umuntu ofunda kuye incwadi eza kuwe futhi ezokutshela okuthile. Kumnandi nje.
- Futhi kwaba yini impendulo ngenxa yalokho? Ingabe le ndlela yayifundisa kakhulu futhi ingaqondakali kubantu abasembonini?
- Ukubuyekezwa kombiko ka-Herlihy bekukuhle. Abantu babhale ukuthi wakusho kalula nangokucacile lokho obekungalindelwe kuprofesa wezemfundo. Kodwa kufanele siqonde ukuthi simmeme ngesizathu esithile, unguchwepheshe owaziwayo emhlabeni wonke onolwazi olunzulu ekukhulumeni kanye nesizinda esivela ebhukwini lezincwadi nezindatshana. Futhi, mhlawumbe, waduma ngezindlela eziningi ngenxa yekhono lakhe lokudlulisela izinto kubantu. Ngakho-ke, lokhu akumangalisi.
Ukhuluma isiNgisi esivamile, esiqondakalayo, futhi, kunjalo, unokuqonda okukhulu kwalokho akhuluma ngakho. Okusho ukuthi, ungambuza noma yimiphi imibuzo ngokuphelele. Ngokuyisisekelo, abantu bakhononda ngokuthi sinikeze uMaurice isikhathi esincane kakhulu sombiko wakhe: amahora amabili awanele into enjalo, kudingeka okungenani amabili engeziwe. Nokho, sikwazile ukwenza esikwazile ukukwenza ngamahora amabili.
Ukugqugquzela
- Ngokuvamile i-JUG.ru Group ibhekana nemicimbi emikhulu, kodwa lesi sihloko sibonakala sikhethekile kakhulu. Kungani unqume ukuyithatha? Ingabe kukhona ukuzimisela ukubamba umcimbi omncane, noma ingabe izibukeli eziningi zingabuthana ngesihloko esinjalo?
- Ngempela, lapho ubamba umcimbi futhi usetha izinga elithile lengxoxo, umbuzo uhlala uphakama wokuthi le ngxoxo isakazeke kangakanani. Bangaki abantu - abayishumi, ikhulu noma inkulungwane - abanentshisekelo kulokhu? Kukhona ukuhwebelana phakathi kwesisindo nokujula. Lona umbuzo ojwayelekile ngokuphelele, futhi wonke umuntu uwuxazulula ngendlela ehlukile.
Kulokhu, ngifuna ukuzenzela umcimbi "ngokwami." Ngisaqonda okuthile mayelana ne-multithreading (nganikeza izinkulumo ngalesi sihloko ezingqungqutheleni, futhi ngatshela abafundi okuthile izikhathi eziningana), kodwa ngingumfundi oqalayo uma kuziwa ezinhlelweni ezisabalalisiwe: Ngifunde izihloko ezithile futhi ngabona izinkulumo ezimbalwa, kodwa hhayi. ngisho nencwadi eyodwa egcwele yayifunda.
Sinekomidi lezinhlelo elakhiwe ngongoti kulo mkhakha abangahlola ukunemba kwemibiko. Futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngizama ukwenza lo mcimbi ube omunye mina, ngokuntula kwami ubuchwepheshe, engingathanda ukuya kuwo. Ukuthi kuzokwazi yini ukuthakasela umphakathi omningi, angazi. Lokhu cishe akuwona umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu walo mcimbi kulesi sigaba. Manje kubaluleke kakhulu ukudala uhlelo oluqine kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane.
Mhlawumbe, manje angilibeki iqembu umsebenzi “wokuqoqa abantu abayinkulungwane okokuqala,” kodwa “ukwenza ingqungquthela ibonakale.” Lokhu kungase kungazwakali njengebhizinisi futhi ngandlela-thile kungenangqondo, nakuba ngingeyena umuntu ozinikele nhlobo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngiyakwazi ukuzivumela inkululeko ethile.
Kunezinto ezibaluleke ukwedlula imali nangale imali. Sesivele senza inombolo enkulu yemicimbi emikhulu epholile kubantu abayinkulungwane noma ngaphezulu. Izingqungquthela zethu ze-Java sekuyisikhathi eside zedlula abantu abayinkulungwane, futhi manje eminye imicimbi yeqa le bha. Okungukuthi, umbuzo wokuthi sesibe ngabahleli abanolwazi nabadumile awusafaneleki. Futhi, mhlawumbe, esikutholayo kule micimbi kusinika ithuba lokutshala kabusha kulokho okuthakazelisayo kithi, futhi kulokhu, kimi mathupha.
Ngokwenza lo mcimbi, ngiphambana neminye yemigomo yenhlangano yethu. Isibonelo, sivame ukuzama ukulungiselela izingqungquthela kusenesikhathi kakhulu, kodwa manje sinezinsuku zokugcina eziqinile, futhi siphothula uhlelo inyanga nje ngaphambi komcimbi ngokwawo.
Futhi lo mcimbi uzoba ngo-70-80% wolimi lwesiNgisi. Nalapha futhi, njalo ingxoxo iphakama mayelana nokuthi sidinga yini ukusondelana nabantu (abakuqonda kangcono uma imibiko eminingi ibhalwe ngesiRashiya) noma emhlabeni wonke (ngoba umhlaba wezobuchwepheshe ukhuluma isiNgisi). Ngokuvamile sizama ukwenza imibiko eminingi ngesi-Russian. Kodwa hhayi ngalesi sikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizophinda futhi sicele ezinye zezikhulumi zethu ezikhuluma isiRashiya ukuthi zikhulume ngesiNgisi. Lokhu, ngomqondo othile, indlela ephikisana nabasebenzisi ngokuphelele futhi engenabuntu. Kodwa kufanele siqonde ukuthi okwamanje azikho izincwadi zesiRashiya kulesi sihloko, futhi noma yimuphi umuntu onesithakazelo kulokhu uphoqeleka ukuba afunde ngesiNgisi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngandlela thize uyakwazi ukuqonda isiNgisi. Uma esimweni se-JavaScript, i-Java noma i-.NET kukhona abantu abaningi abangazi kahle isiNgisi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo bangakwazi ukuhlela kahle, khona-ke, cishe, izinhlelo ezisabalalisiwe ziyindawo lapho kungekho khona enye. indlela yokufunda manje.
Ngifuna ngempela ukwenza lolu cwaningo: ukuthi umcimbi wolimi lwesiNgisi ongu-70–80% uzobonwa kanjani umphakathi waseRussia. Ingabe izongena noma cha? Asikwazi lokhu kusenesikhathi ngoba asikaze sikwenze lokhu. Kodwa kungani ungakwenzi? Ake sithi lokhu kuyisivivinyo esisodwa esikhulu engingakwazi ukuzibamba kodwa ngizame.
Uhlelo lwesikole lwe-SPTDC seluvele lukhona ngokuphelele, futhi esimweni se-Hydra kakade ingxenye ephawulekayo, futhi maduze sizoshicilela ukuhlaziywa kwalo lonke uhlelo lwengqungquthela.
Source: www.habr.com