UmFulentshi u-Fabrice Grinda ubelokhu ethanda ukuzifaka engozini - utshale imali ngempumelelo ezinkampanini ezingamakhulu: i-Alibaba, i-Airbnb, i-BlaBlaCar, i-Uber ngisho ne-analogue yaseRussia Yokubhuka - isevisi yase-Oktogo. Unomzwelo wemvelo okhethekile wezitayela, ukuthi ikusasa lingaba yini.
UMonsieur Grinda akazange nje atshale imali emabhizinisini abanye abantu, kodwa futhi wadala eyakhe. Isibonelo, ibhodi lemiyalezo eku-inthanethi i-OLX, esetshenziswa amakhulu ezigidi zabantu, iyingqondo yakhe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi unikeza isikhathi sokusungula izincwadi futhi abhale izindatshana eziphikisanayo kodwa ezithakazelisayo. Mayelana nokuthi yini nokuthi kuzoba yini. Unentshisekelo ngekusasa - kokubili njengomtshali-zimali nanjengomboni wemibono.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, wenze inhlolokhono kumagazini i-Alliancy exoxa ngomhlaba ngo-2030.
I-Alliancy Magazine: Yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu ozibonayo eminyakeni eyi-10?
U-Fabrice: I-inthanethi yezinto, isibonelo, iziqandisi ezi-oda ukudla lapho kuphela, ukulethwa kwe-drone nokunye okunjalo. Konke kuyeza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngibona ukuphumelela okubalulekile emikhakheni emihlanu: izimoto, ukuxhumana, imithi, imfundo namandla. Ubuchwepheshe bukhona, ikusasa selifikile, alifani nje yonke indawo. Ukuthunyelwa kwenani elikhulu kudinga izindleko eziphansi kanye nokusebenziseka kalula.
Izimoto zizoba "kwabelwana ngazo". Kuze kube manje, izimoto ezizishayelayo kakade sezishayele izigidi zamakhilomitha ngaphandle kwesigameko. Kodwa uma imoto evamile e-States ibiza ngokwesilinganiso ngaphansi kwama- $ 20.000, khona-ke uhlelo olukuvumela ukuthi uluguqule ube yimoto ezishayelayo lubiza cishe i-100.000. Ngokombono wezezimali, ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kusengenakwenzeka. Asikho futhi isisekelo esingokomthetho, njengoba kudingekile ukunquma ukuthi ubani ozoba necala uma kwenzeka ingozi.
Kuthiwani ngenzuzo?
Izimoto ziwumthombo wesibili wezindleko zesabelomali sasekhaya, nakuba cishe u-95% wesikhathi zingenzi lutho. Abantu bayaqhubeka nokuthenga izimoto ngoba ishibhile kunokusebenzisa i-Uber nomshayeli, futhi imoto itholakala noma nini, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezigqagqene.
Kodwa lapho izindleko zomshayeli zinyamalala futhi izimoto sezikwazi ukuzimela, izindleko eziyinhloko kuzoba ukwehla kwenani phakathi neminyaka embalwa. Imoto "eyabiwe", esetshenziswa isikhathi esingu-90%, izobiza kakhulu - ngakho-ke kuwo wonke amazinga, ukuba nemoto ngeke kusawenza umqondo. Amabhizinisi azothenga inqwaba yezimoto bese azihlinzeka kwamanye amabhizinisi azoziqhuba, njenge-Uber, nohlelo oluqinile olwanele lokuthi imoto izotholakala emizuzwini embalwa, okuhlanganisa nasezindaweni ezingenabantu abaningi. Lokhu kuzophazamisa kakhulu umphakathi ngoba ukushayela kuwumthombo oyinhloko womsebenzi e-United States. Izisebenzi eziningi zizokhululwa, nezindleko zokushayela zizokwehla.
Ingabe kube khona uguquko kwezokuxhumana?
Cha. Ithuluzi elivame kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho okunzima ukucabanga ukuphila, umakhalekhukhwini, uzonyamalala ngokuphelele. Empeleni, sesivele senze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile "ekufundweni kobuchopho" futhi sisesigabeni esifanayo njengoba ukuqashelwa kwezwi kwakunjalo eminyakeni eyi-15 edlule. Khona-ke, ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, wawudinga ikhadi elikhethekile elinamandla namahora okuqeqeshwa ukuze izwi lakho libonakale ngokuphumelelayo. Namuhla, ngokufaka isigqoko esinama-electrode angu-128 ekhanda lakho ngamahora afanayo okuqeqeshwa, ungafunda ukulawula ngokwengqondo ikhesa esibukweni nokushayela indiza. Ngo-2013, kwaxhunyaniswa ingqondo nobuchopho; othile, esebenzisa amandla okucabanga, wakwazi ukuhambisa isandla somunye umuntu...
Ngo-2030, sizosebenza lapho sithanda khona, lapho sithanda futhi isikhathi eside njengoba sithanda.
Silindeleni?
Kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukuthi eminyakeni eyi-10 sizoba nepheya lama-electrode asobala nangabonakali ebuchosheni bethu, okusivumela ukuthi sisebenzise imicabango yethu ukuze sidlulisele imiyalo kukhompuyutha encane ukuze isibonise ama-imeyili, imibhalo esebenzisa ama-laser ezingilazini ezizowabonisa. i-retina noma ukusebenzisa amalensi okuxhumana ahlakaniphile.
Sizoba nohlobo "lwe-telepathy ethuthukisiwe", sizoshintshanisa ulwazi ngengqondo: Ngicabanga ukuthi umbhalo, uwuthumele kuwe, uwufunde ku-retina noma kumalensi oxhumana naye. Ngeke sisadinga idivayisi egqokekayo enesikrini esincane futhi ikhanda lethu litshekele ngaso sonke isikhathi, okusiphazamisayo futhi kukhawulele inkambu yethu yokubuka. Kodwa ngisho neminyaka eyi-10 lokhu kuzoba yisiqalo. Ama-laser angathumela izithombe ku-retina akhona, kodwa amalensi asewezinga eliphansi. Ukufunda ingqondo kuseyisilinganiso futhi kudinga ikhompuyutha enkulu enama-electrode angu-128. Ngo-2030, okulingana ne-supercomputer enjalo kuzobiza u-$50. Kungase kuthathe iminyaka engu-20-25 ukuthuthukisa ama-electrode amancane ngokwanele nasebenza kahle, kanye nezinhlelo ezihambisanayo. Kodwa-ke, ama-smartphones azonyamalala nakanjani.
Kuthiwani ngemithi?
Namuhla, odokotela abahlanu banganikeza izifo ezinhlanu ezihlukene zesifo esifanayo ngoba abantu abanekhono kangako ekuxilongeni. Ngakho-ke, u-Watson, i-supercomputer evela ku-IBM, ungcono kunodokotela ekuhlonzeni izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Kunengqondo kulokhu, ngoba kucatshangelwa yonke i-micron yemiphumela ye-MRI noma i-X-ray, futhi udokotela akabheki ngaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa. Eminyakeni emi-5, ukuxilonga kuzotholakala kuphela kumakhompiyutha; eminyakeni eyi-10, sizoba nesisetshenziswa sokuxilonga sazo zonke izifo ezivamile, okuhlanganisa umkhuhlane, i-HIV nezinye.
Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, uguquko luzokwenzeka ekuhlinzeni. Udokotela we-robot "Da Vinci" usevele wenza imisebenzi eyizigidi ezinhlanu. Ukuhlinza kuzoqhubeka nokuba ngamarobhothi noma okuzenzakalelayo, kunciphisa igebe lokukhiqiza phakathi kodokotela abahlinzayo. Ngokokuqala ngqa, izindleko zemithi zizoqala ukwehla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amaphepha kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwezokuphatha kuzophela ngemva kokuqaliswa kokusetshenziswa kwamarekhodi ezokwelapha nge-elekthronikhi. Eminyakeni eyi-10 sizoba nokuxilongwa ngempendulo eqhubekayo yalokho okufanele sikwenze mayelana nokudla, imithi, ukuhlinzwa okusebenza ngempumelelo kanye nezindleko zezokwelapha eziphansi kakhulu.
Enye inguquko - imfundo?
Uma besingahambisa uSocrates esikhathini sethu, ubengeke aqonde lutho ngaphandle kwendlela izingane zethu ezifunde ngayo: othisha abahlukene bakhuluma nekilasi labafundi abangu-15 kuya ku-35. Asikho isidingo sokuqhubeka nokufundisa izingane zethu ngendlela okwakwenziwa ngayo eminyakeni engu-2500 edlule, ngoba umfundi ngamunye unamakhono ahlukene nezinto azithandayo. Manje njengoba izwe lishintsha ngokushesha kangaka, cabanga ukuthi kuhlekisa kanjani ukuthi imfundo ilinganiselwe ngesikhathi futhi iyama ngemva kokuqeda isikole noma enyuvesi. Imfundo kufanele ibe yinqubo eqhubekayo, eyenzeka empilweni yakho yonke, futhi iphumelele kakhulu.
I-NB evela kumhleli: Ngingacabanga ukuthi uSocrates angamangala kanjani uma ebona indlela yethu . Uma amandla okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ngaphambi kobhubhane lwe-coronavirus ayesafana nemfundo yakudala (ihholo lengqungquthela, othisha-izikhulumi, abafundi ematafuleni, esikhundleni sezibhebhe zobumba noma i-papyrus, amalaptop namaphilisi, esikhundleni sokuthi "maieutics" noma "i-Socrates irony" noma ngamacala angokoqobo), okungashintshile kakhulu kumathuluzi kusukela enkathini yasendulo, bese kuba nezinkulumo nge-Zoom, igumbi lokubhema nokuxhumana kuTelegram, izethulo nokuqoshwa kwevidiyo kwamakilasi ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu... Ngokuqinisekile, uSocrates ubengeke akuqonde lokhu. . Ngakho ikusasa selifikile - futhi asizange siqaphele. Futhi ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus lusishukumisele ukuthi sishintshe.
Lokhu kuzowashintsha kanjani amakhono ethu?
Kumasayithi afana ne-Coursera, isibonelo, uprofesa ohamba phambili embonini yakhe unikeza izifundo ze-inthanethi kubafundi abangu-300.000. Kunengqondo kakhulu ukuthi uthisha ongcono kakhulu afundise inani elikhulu labafundi! Yilabo abafisa ukuthola iziqu kuphela abakhokhayo ukuze babhale izivivinyo. Lokhu kwenza uhlelo lulunge kakhulu.
Kuthiwani ngezikole zamabanga aphansi nezamabanga aphezulu?
Njengamanje, ezinye izikole zivivinya uhlelo lokufundisa oluzenzakalelayo. Lapha uthisha akaseyena umshini okhulumayo, kodwa usengumqeqeshi. Ukuqeqeshwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isoftware, ebuye ibuze imibuzo futhi ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nabafundi. Uma umfundi enza amaphutha, uhlelo luphinda ukwaziswa ngezinye izindlela, futhi ngemva kokuba umfundi esekuzwisisile konke ludlulela esigabeni esilandelayo. Abafundi ekilasini elifanayo bahamba ngejubane labo. Lokhu akukona ukuphela kwesikole, ngoba ngaphezu kolwazi, udinga ukufunda ukuxhumana nokuxhumana, ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuzungezwe ezinye izingane. Abantu bayizidalwa ezivamile zomphakathi.
Okunye?
Ukuphumelela okukhulu kuzoba ekuqhubekeni kwemfundo. Izidingo zishintsha kakhulu, ekuthengisweni eminyakeni embalwa edlule bekubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungathuthukisa kanjani ukubonakala kwakho ezinjinini zokusesha (SEO). Namuhla, udinga ukuqonda ukulungiselelwa kwesitolo sohlelo lokusebenza (ASO). Wazi kanjani? Thatha izifundo kumasayithi afana no-Udemy, umholi kulo mkhakha. Idalwe abasebenzisi bese itholakala kuwo wonke umuntu ngo-$1 kuya ku-$10...
I-NB evela kumhleli: Ngokweqiniso, mina ngokwami ββanginaso isiqiniseko sokuthi izifundo ezidalwe abasebenzisi esikhundleni sodokotela ziwumbono omuhle kangako. Umhlaba manje ugcwele ama-blogger ohambo nobuhle. Uma othisha-ama-blogger egcwele izikhukhula, kuzoba nzima ukuthola izinto eziwusizo ngempela nezobuchwepheshe enqwabeni yokuqukethwe. ukwakha isifundo esiwusizo ngempela ngokufanayo , engasekelwe kumamanyuwali nama-athikili, kodwa ekuprakthizeni nasekuhlolweni kwamacala. Yebo, futhi ku-rake ohlangana nayo - ubungaba kuphi ngaphandle kwabo emsebenzini wakho futhi ukwazi amathuluzi amasha.
Kalula nje, ingabe umhlaba wokusebenza uzoshintsha?
I-Millennials (owazalwa ngemva kuka-2000) izonda ukusebenza kusukela ku-9 kuya ku-18, ukusebenzela umphathi, umphathi uqobo. Njengamanje sibona ukukhula okunamandla kwezamabhizinisi e-US, okuthuthukiswa ukutholakala kwenombolo yezicelo zesevisi ezidingeka kakhulu. Ingxenye yemisebenzi edaliwe kusukela ngokwehla komnotho ngo-2008 ngabantu abazisebenzelayo noma labo abasebenzela i-Uber, i-Postmates (ukulethwa kokudla ekhaya), i-Instacart (ukulethwa kokudla okuvela komakhelwane).
Lawa ngamasevisi aqondene nawe atholakala uma uwacela...
Izinsizakalo ze-cosmetologist, i-manicure, ukugunda izinwele, ezokuthutha. Wonke lawa masevisi aphinde avulwa ngokuguquguquka okukhulu. Le mibono ibuye ibambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni, ukuhlela, kanye nezinsizakalo zokuklama. Umsebenzi uyancipha futhi udinga isikhathi esincane. Izinkulungwane zeminyaka zisebenza imini nobusuku ngesonto lokuqala bese kuba amahora amahlanu nje elilandelayo. Imali kubo iyindlela yokuthola ulwazi lokuphila. Ngo-2030 bazokwenza ingxenye yabantu abasebenzayo.
Ngabe sizojabula kakhulu ngo-2030?
Akunjalo, njengoba abantu besheshe bazivumelanise nezinguquko endaweni yabo, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-hedonic adaptation. Kodwa-ke, sizohlala singabaphathi bekusasa lethu. Sizosebenza okuningi noma okuncane njengoba sifuna. Ngokwesilinganiso, abantu bayoba nempilo engcono nemfundo. Izindleko zezinto eziningi zizoba phansi, okuzoholela ekuthuthukisweni okuphawulekayo kwezinga lempilo.
Ngakho ngeke kube khona ukungalingani kwezenhlalo?
Kukhulunywa ngokukhula kokungalingani, kodwa empeleni kukhona ukuhlangana kwezigaba zomphakathi. Ngo-1900, abantu abacebile baya eholidini, kodwa hhayi abantu abampofu. Namuhla enye indizela indiza yangasese, enye ku-EasyJet, kodwa bobabili bagibele indiza baye eholidini. U-99% wabampofu waseMelika unamanzi nogesi, kanti u-70% wabo unezimoto. Uma ubheka izici ezifana nokufa kwezinsana neminyaka yokuphila, ukungalingani kuyehla.
Kuthiwani ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nezindleko zamandla kagesi, ingabe zingaba nomthelela kulokhu okuzuziwe?
Lolu daba luzoxazululwa ngaphandle kokulawulwa nokungenelela kukahulumeni. Sizodlulela emnothweni ongenawo amalahle, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu zomnotho kuphela. Imegawathi eyodwa yamandla elanga manje ibiza ngaphansi kwedola, uma iqhathaniswa ne-$100 ngo-1975. Lokhu kube umphumela wezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokukhiqiza. Ukulingana kwezindleko zamandla elanga nakho kufinyelelwe kwezinye izifunda lapho izakhiwo zikagesi zibiza kakhulu. Ngo-2025, izindleko ze-kilowatt yelanga zizoba ngaphansi kwezindleko ze-kilowatt yamalahle ngaphandle kosizo. Uma lokhu sekwenzekile, kuzotshalwa amashumi ezigidigidi zamarandi kulolu hlelo. Ngo-2030, ukwethulwa okusheshayo kwamandla elanga kuzoqala. Izindleko ze-megawatt zizokwehla kakhulu, okuzophinde kunciphise izindleko zezinye izinto eziningi futhi kuthuthukise izinga lokuphila. Nginethemba elikhulu.
Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. , wamukelekile.
Uyakukholwa ukubikezela kuka-Fabrice Grinde?
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28,9%Yebo, ngiyakholwa28
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18,6%Cha, lokhu angeke kwenzeke18
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52,6%Sengike ngaba khona, Doc, akunjalo.51
Bangu-97 abasebenzisi abavotile. Abasebenzisi abangu-25 bagobile.
Source: www.habr.com