Uma uhamba kakhulu futhi ungumthuthukisi wamawebhusayithi, imidlalo, imiphumela yevidiyo nanoma yini efanayo, cishe uyazi ukuthi iziqalo ezivela kulo mkhakha zamukelekile emazweni amaningi. Kukhona ngisho nezinhlelo zokusungula imali ezamukelwa ngokukhethekile e-India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, China nakwamanye amazwe.
Kodwa, kuyinto eyodwa ukumemezela uhlelo, futhi enye into ukuhlaziya ukuthi yini eyayingalungile ekuqaleni, bese, njalo, uthuthukise imiphumela. Elinye lamazwe elihlale lithuthuka emkhakheni wokuheha abaqalayo yiCanada.
Eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, kukhona okushintshile njalo lapha kwaba ngcono.
Ake sibheke izizathu eziyisi-6 ezenza iCanada yahluke kwamanye amazwe mayelana nokuqala ukusebenza, ukuthola uxhaso kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo cishe kwanoma yikuphi ukuqaliswa kwe-IT.
1. Inala yemali yokuqala
Inani elikhulu lemali yokuqala namuhla uma liqhathaniswa neminyaka eyi-10 edlule. Mayelana nalokhu, iToronto namuhla ibonakala ingeyimbi kuneSan Francisco. Ukuvela kwesikhwama sezimali saseCanada i-OMERS Ventures ngo-2011 kwashintsha imithetho yomdlalo kuyo yonke imboni yezohwebo yaleli zwe elisenyakatho. Ukuvela kwayo kugqugquzele ukwakhiwa kwezimali ezintsha kanye nokufika kwabatshalizimali abaningi base-US abanempahla enkulu abazoyitshala kuma-startups aseCanada.
Inani eliphansi ledola laseCanada lihehe onxiwankulu abaningi abavela e-US. Kubo, kuvela ukuthi uthola utshalomali lwakho emuva, kanye no-40% owengeziwe njengebhonasi evela esilinganisweni sokushintshisana (okungukuthi, ungakucabangela ngokushesha lapho utshala imali, noma kamuva ngemva kokushiya iphrojekthi).
Izinkampani ezithengisa izimpahla namasevisi azo kumakhasimende ase-United States zithola usekelo lwezezimali olufanayo. Lokhu kunenzuzo kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi izinga lokushintshanisa eliphansi ledola laseCanada uma liqhathaniswa nedola laseMelika yilona elikwazi ukumelana nalezi zimo kuleli pheya lemali. Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushintshaniswa kwesikhathi eside kuncane.
Namuhla kunezimali eziningana eziyishumi nambili, ama-incubator ebhizinisi kanye nezingelosi zebhizinisi ngazinye. Eziningi zazo ziyizinhlaka ezigunyaziwe zikahulumeni waseCanada, ezibambe iqhaza ngokukhethekile ekukhetheni nasekuqhubekeni nokusebenza ngokuqalisa ngaphansi kohlelo olukhethekile lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe olubizwa nge-Startup visa.
Yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuheha osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe be-IT eCanada.
Inqubo yokuthola isimo sokuhlala unomphela eCanada nge-visa Yokuqalisa empeleni inezigaba ezi-4:
- ukuphumelela isiNgisi ezivivinyweni ze-IELTS ngezinga elingaphezu kwesilinganiso (ngaphezu kwamaphuzu ayi-6 kwangu-9),
- ukuthola incwadi yokwesekwa kwenye yezimali ezigunyaziwe, ama-accelerator noma izingelosi zebhizinisi (okwenzeka kancane kancane),
- ukubhaliswa kwenkampani eCanada kuwe nabalingani bakho (kuyathandeka ukuthi omunye wabalingani abe yisakhamuzi saseCanada noma ukuhlala unomphela, kodwa lokhu akudingekile),
- ukuhambisa nokwamukela i-visa Yokuqalisa yabo bonke abasunguli benkampani bakwamanye amazwe enesabelo sobunikazi esingaphezu kuka-10%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, wonke amalungu aseduze emindeni yawo (okusho: izingane, abashade noma abazali) bangathola ama-visa.
Ngemva kwalokhu, ungakwazi ukufunda ngokuphepha ku-accelerator kanye/noma uthuthukise iphrojekthi yakho ngemali oyitholile esigabeni sokuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali kwembewu. I-Canada inawo wonke amathuba alokhu.
2. Ukuthola izibonelelo zikahulumeni kanye nezikweletu zentela
Izibonelelo zikahulumeni ezifana ne-FedDev Ontario kanye ne-Industrial Research Assistance Program (IRAP) zinikeza ukuqeqeshwa, ukwesekwa kwezamabhizinisi kanye noxhaso lwezimali ukusiza amabhizinisi amasha aphumelele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinkontileka zikahulumeni eziningi ezingatholwa yiziqalo. Isibonelo, ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zocwaningo lwezenhlalo, ngisho nokuthuthukiswa okulula kohlelo lokusebenza lweselula lwezidingo zezindlu nezinsizakalo zomphakathi noma zokuphatha. Kukhona izibonelelo kanye nemiyalo yocwaningo lwezemvelo emkhakheni wokuvikela nokuhlanza imvelo.
Ngokuvamile, lena yonke imakethe abaqalayo baseCanada abavame ukusizakala ngayo.
3. Izinzuzo zentela
Izinkampani ezibhaliswe e-Canada zithola izinzuzo zentela ezibalulekile.
Isibonelo, uma wenza noma yiluphi ucwaningo nentuthuko, ukusekela kukahulumeni okuthola nge-SR&ED (Isayensi Yokucwaninga Nokuthuthukiswa Kokuhlola) kuningi kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi enye indawo emhlabeni. Isibonelo, eSilicon Valley yaseCalifornia akukho okufanayo. Ngokunjalo, zonke iziqalo ezibhalisiwe eCanada zithola inzuzo yokuncintisana emkhakheni wocwaningo lwesayensi nokuthuthukiswa kokuhlola ekuqaleni. Ngenxa yalokho, izinkampani zaseCanada zingathola ngaphezu kuka-50% wenzuzo evela ekutshalweni kwezimali okwenziwe ku-R&D.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zomphakathi zokuzijwayeza kwakho kanye nokuhlala kwakho e-Canada zingadonswa enteleni yakho yemali engenayo yebhizinisi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wena, njengomsunguli wenkampani, uzokwazi ukudonsa izindleko ezilandelayo enzuzweni yebhizinisi:
- endaweni yakho yokuhlala eCanada, kanye nanoma imaphi amalungu omndeni wakho angasebenzi, kanye nalabo abazosebenzela inkampani yakho (ngokwesibonelo, oshade naye). Indawo yokuhlala ihlanganisa izindleko zokudla nezindlu (lokhu kusho izinkokhelo zerenti noma izindlu, kodwa hhayi ukuthengwa kwensalela yezindlu),
- ngemfundo yakho, kanye neyezingane zakho ezingasebenzi noma ezincane,
- ngezinhlobo ezithile zezindleko zokwelashwa. Sikhuluma ngemithi kanye nezinsiza zemithi engekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni. Isibonelo, ukuchitha odokotela bamazinyo noma odokotela abahlinzayo bepulasitiki.
- Inani eliphelele lezindleko ezinjalo alikwazi ukudlula ama-CAD ayizinkulungwane ezingu-60 ngomuntu ngamunye ngonyaka, okungama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-2.7 noma ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-225 ngenyanga. Akuwona usizo olubi lomphakathi lwabaqalayo. Ngiyangabaza ukuthi kwenye indawo kukhona izintandokazi zentela yezinkampani ezifanayo zezinkampani ezisanda kwakhiwa.
4. Ukufinyelela kusizinda esikhulu sochwepheshe sochwepheshe kanye nethalente lobuchwepheshe
Amanyuvesi aseToronto naseWaterloo ayikhaya lezinye zezikole ezihamba phambili zobunjiniyela eNyakatho Melika. Izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezihamba phambili zase-US ezifana ne-Google ne-Facebook zivame ukuqasha abaphothule kanye nabasebenzi abavela lapho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwala madolobha kukhona ingqalasizinda enkulu yokuthuthukiswa kweziqalo, ezifana neSilicon Valley eCalifornia.
Izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu eCanada nase-USA sezisungule izikhungo zokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe lapha. Lapha ungathola kokubili ubungcweti nozakwethu bephrojekthi yakho yamanje noma ezayo. Lena indawo ekahle kakhulu yokwakha ibhizinisi elikhulu le-IT. Inkampani ye-unicorn Shopify iwubufakazi balokhu.
Yebo, kuhlale kungenzeka ukuthi abantu baseCanada baye e-United States, ngoba ngenxa yalokhu ngeke badinge ukuthola izimvume ezikhethekile noma ama-visa. Kodwa ochwepheshe abaningi baseCanada abanamakhono abafuni ukwenza lokhu, futhi kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu.
Isibonelo, ungakwazi ukundiza ngokushesha nangokungabizi kakhulu usuka eToronto, eQuebec noma eVancouver uye kuwo wonke amadolobha amakhulu e-USA, Europe, Asia, ukuyokwenza izingxoxo, izethulo, ukuheha ochwepheshe noma ukukhulisa imizuliswano elandelayo yoxhaso, futhi uye ezindaweni eziningi ezifanele. izingqungquthela, izinkundla nemibukiso. Phela, enye yezinto ezihamba phambili zanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi yebhizinisi ukuxhumana okungakhiwa abasunguli balo nabaphathi abaphezulu.
I-Canada iyindawo enhle yokusungula ikomkhulu lebhizinisi le-unicorn yakho yesikhathi esizayo.
5. Izindleko eziphansi zokuphila
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ezenza abeluleki kanye nethalente bangathutheli eCalifornia izindleko eziphakeme zokuphila. E-Canada, lokhu kulula kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinzuzo zentela yendawo yokuhlala okungafanele zikhohlwe. Kunoma yikuphi, ukuhlala nokwakha ibhizinisi elisha eCanada kulula kakhulu futhi kushibhile kunaseSan Francisco.
Futhi uma ucabanga ukuthi iCanada inamachweba amakhulu olwandle olubili, izinzuzo ezihambisana nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, izindleko eziphansi zokuphila kanye nomakhelwane oseningizimu onenani elincibilikayo nelikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni liphenduka ipharadesi labaqalayo. Empeleni, lokhu kusho into eyodwa kuphela - uma ungakwazi ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi yakho lapha, khona-ke awunawo umoya wokuhweba, ngokoqobo nhlobo.
6. Ukuzinza, impilo enempilo kanye nomoya wokuhweba
I-Canada iyizwe elinezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuzinza kwezombusazwe nezomnotho.
Elinye lamazinga aphezulu okuvikelwa kwamalungelo endawo lisebenza lapha.
Akumele wesabe ukuthi inkampani yakho izobhekana nokuthathwa kwe-raider noma izinqumo zenkantolo ezingenasisekelo ezivela ezikhungweni zomthetho.
Ngeke uboshwe lapha ngenxa yemisebenzi yamanga-yamabhizinisi, ukuhlola okungalungile lapho uphuma kuphrojekthi, noma uthengisa amasheya enkampani yangaphandle, njengoba kwenzeka eRussia.
Akukho nkohlakalo lapha, ngisho nasezingeni lephoyisa elijwayelekile, noma okungenani ezingeni likandunankulu. Lokhu akwenzeki eCanada. Uma ujwayele ukwephula imithetho, imithetho futhi ujwayele "ukuxoxisana" nezikhulu zikahulumeni, khona-ke uzoba nesithukuthezi lapha, ngoba ... lokho akwenzeki lapha. Ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi "uvume". Uzothola lokho kanye okufunwa ngumthetho. Lokhu kwenza umqondo omkhulu futhi awudingi ukumelana nakho uma ufuna ukuhlala lapha futhi usebenze iphrojekthi yakho. Ukuphila ngaphansi komthetho kulula kakhulu futhi kuyashesha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uyashesha ukujwayela, njengazo zonke izinto ezinhle.
Esinye isici saseCanada ukuthi izinkinga zezomnotho azizwakali lapha. Konke lokhu kwenzeka kwamanye amazwe. Lona ubuhle obukhethekile baleli zwe. ECanada kuhlala kukuhle futhi kuzolile.
Iningi labantu liphila impilo enempilo futhi lizibandakanya kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemidlalo etholakalayo. Kunento ezokugcina umatasatasa lapha. Ukusuka ekudobeni kwe-tuna olwandle ukuya ekugibeleni ngokukhululeka ezingcwecweni zeqhwa. Kunamathuba amaningi okuvakasha abazingeli nabadobi. Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi ezokuvakasha zingenye yezimboni ezithuthuke kakhulu eCanada futhi minyaka yonke iheha izigidi zezivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
- Yonke into lapha igcwele inhlonipho kosomabhizinisi, abakhokhi bentela nezakhamizi. Awusoze wahlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kobuzwe noma ukucwaswa kwabokufika lapha. Futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Canada cishe ngokuphelele yakhiwa abokufika.
- Kukhona izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokubekezelelana lapha.
- Ungaba noma ubani lapha, inqobo nje uma ungaphuli mthetho futhi ungaphazamisi izimpilo zezinye izakhamizi.
I-Canada iyizwe elimangalisayo lokuqala nokukhulisa ibhizinisi, ukuba nezingane, nokuphila impilo ehloniphekile lapho usukhulile.
Source: www.habr.com