I-Apple ikhipha ulimi lohlelo lwe-Swift 5.3 kanye nomtapo wolwazi ovulekile we-Swift System

i-apula kumenyezelwe mayelana nokuvula ikhodi yomthombo yelabhulali Isistimu ye-Swift, ehlinzeka ngesethi ye-idiomatic yokuhlangana kwezinhlelo kumakholi wesistimu nezinhlobo zedatha ezisezingeni eliphansi. I-Swift System ekuqaleni yayisekela kuphela izingcingo zesistimu zamapulatifomu e-Apple, kodwa manje isithunyelwe ku-Linux. Ikhodi ye-Swift System ibhalwe ngolimi lwe-Swift futhi isatshalaliswa ngu ilayisensi ngaphansi kwe-Apache 2.0.

I-Swift System inikeza iphuzu elilodwa lokufinyelela ku-interfaces yesistimu engasetshenziswa kuwo wonke amapulatifomu asekelwayo ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinhlaka ezithile ze-C ezinhlelweni ze-Swift. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Swift System ayihlanganisi isistimu yokuzibiza yona, kodwa inikeza isethi ehlukile yama-API kungxenyekazi ngayinye esekelwe, kucatshangelwa ukuziphatha kwale nkundla futhi ibonise ngokunembile ukuxhumana okuphansi kwesistimu yokusebenza. Umgomo oyinhloko wokudala i-Swift System ukwenza lula ukuthuthukiswa kwemitapo yolwazi ye-cross-platform kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana I-SwiftNIO и I-SwiftPM. I-Swift System ayisusi isidingo se-branching esekelwe ku-"#if os()" lapho ufinyelela ama-primitives asezingeni eliphansi, kodwa yenza lo msebenzi uphephe futhi.
ntofontofo.

Ungakwazi futhi ukuqaphela ukushicilelwa ukukhululwa kolimi lokuhlela I-Swift 5.3. Izakhiwo ezisemthethweni ilungisiwe okwe-Linux (Ubuntu 16.04/18.04/20.04, CentOS 7/8), macOS (Xcode 12) kanye ne-Windows 10. Imibhalo ewumthombo ukubhebhetheka ilayisensi ngaphansi kwe-Apache 2.0.

Ukukhishwa okusha kungeza ukwesekwa kokuqala kweplatifomu yeWindows kanye kuqalile ukuhlinzekwa kwamathuluzi okwakha nokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-Swift ku-Windows 10. Ukusebenza kolimi kwaqhubeka nokucwengwa. Izici ezintsha zihlanganisa ukungezwa kwesiqalisi sohlobo lwe-String, ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwenkulumo ethi “lapho”, ukushintsha i-semantics ye- didSet, usekelo lokucacisa amaphethini amaningi kuzinkulumo ze-Catch, ukwengeza uhlobo.
I-Float16, i-athomu imisebenzi yenkumbulo.

Usayizi wezinhlelo zokusebenza eziwumphumela uncishisiwe - uma ku-Swift 4 usayizi wohlelo oluhlanganisiwe wawuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2.3 kunenguqulo ku-Objective-C, manje igebe liye lancipha laba izikhathi ezingu-1.5. Ukukhishwa okusha kuphinde kusheshise ngokuphawulekayo ikhodi yokwakha neyokwakha enenani elikhulu lezakhiwo nemisebenzi engeniswe ivela kweminye imitapo yolwazi. Amathuluzi okuxilonga kusihlanganisi kanye nekhwalithi yemilayezo yephutha athuthukisiwe. Umphathi wephakheji unikeza amandla okufaka izinsiza ezengeziwe ezidingekayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza, njengezithombe, kumaphakheji. Umphathi wephakheji futhi wengeza ukusekelwa kwezingxenye zokwenziwa kwasendaweni kanye nekhono lokuchaza ukuncika okunemibandela.

Khumbula ukuthi ulimi lwe-Swift luzuza njengefa izici ezihamba phambili zezilimi C kanye ne-Objective-C, futhi luhlinzeka ngemodeli yento ehambisana ne-Objective-C (Ikhodi ye-Swift ingaxutshwa nekhodi C kanye ne-Objective-C), kodwa ihluke ekusebenziseni okuzenzakalelayo. ukwabiwa kwenkumbulo nokulawula ukuchichima kokuguquguqukayo nezinhlaka, okwandisa kakhulu ukwethembeka nokuphepha kwekhodi. I-Swift iphinde inikeze namasu amaningi esimanje wokuhlela, njengokuvalwa, ukuhlela okuvamile, izinkulumo ze-lambda, ama-tuples nezinhlobo zesichazamazwi, imisebenzi yokuqoqa esheshayo, nezici zezinhlelo zokusebenza. Inguqulo ye-Linux ayiboshelwe ku-Objective-C Runtime, evumela ukuthi ulimi lusetshenziswe ezindaweni ezingenakho ukwesekwa kwe-Objective-C.

Ukuqaliswa kwe-Swift kwakhiwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuvela kuphrojekthi yamahhala ye-LLVM. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, izinhlelo ze-Swift zihlanganiswa zibe ikhodi yomdabu esebenzisa u-30% ngokushesha kunekhodi ye-Objective-C ekuhlolweni kwe-Apple. Esikhundleni sokuqoqa udoti, i-Swift isebenzisa ukubala kwereferensi yento. Iphakheji ihlanganisa umphathi wephakheji Umphathi Wephakheji we-Swift, ehlinzeka ngamathuluzi okusabalalisa amamojula namaphakheji anemitapo yolwazi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngolimi lwe-Swift, ukulawula ukuncika, ukulayisha okuzenzakalelayo, ukwakha nokuxhumanisa izingxenye.

Source: opennet.ru