Isingeniso
I-excavator ingabonakala kunoma iyiphi indawo yokwakha edolobheni. I-excavator evamile ingaqhutshwa ngu-opharetha oyedwa. Ayidingi isistimu ye-automation eyinkimbinkimbi ukuyilawula.
Kodwa uma i-excavator inkulu izikhathi eziningi kunokuvamile futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama kwesakhiwo esinezitezi ezinhlanu, i-Land Cruiser ingafakwa ebhakedeni layo, futhi "ukugcwalisa" kuhlanganisa izinjini zikagesi, izintambo namagiya alingana nemoto? Futhi usebenza ezinkwalini zamalahle nezimayini, amahora angu-24 ngosuku / izinsuku ezingu-7 ngesonto iminyaka engu-30-40 ilandelana?
I-excavator enjalo iyisistimu yezimboni ebiza kakhulu ukuyigcina.
Ukuzenzakalela kwezinqubo zobuchwepheshe kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenzisa uhlelo lwezimboni. Isistimu yokulawula inqubo ezenzakalelayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-automated process control system. I-excavator efana nale echazwe nayo injalo.
Ngakho hlobo luni lwe-excavator lolu? Iluphi uhlelo lokulawula inqubo olusetshenziswa kuyo?
Yimaphi ama-excavators esikhuluma ngawo?
Sikhuluma ngabambi bezimayini. Izimayini nezinkwali zamalahle zenziwa kusetshenziswa le mishini.
Ubukhulu: abemba izimayini bafinyelela ukuphakama kwesakhiwo esinezitezi ezinhlanu.
Ukunyakaza: I-excavator ihanjiswa kusetshenziswa i-crawler undercarriage. I-trolley iqukethe:
- ithrekhi ozimele;
- amacimbi;
- amadrayivu okuhamba;
- i-bogie lubrication circuit.
Ukumba: Ukumba, abemba inkwali basebenzisa indlela “yeFosholo eliqondile”. Lo mshini uqukethe ibhakede, isibambo kanye ne-boom. Ibhakede lixhunywe esibanjeni. Isibambo siklanyelwe ukuhambisa ukunyakaza kokuhumusha ebhakedeni. Itholakala ngaphesheya kwe-boom. Umshini wokucindezela ufakwa ku-boom, othwala ukucindezela nokubuyisela ukunyakaza kwesibambo ngebhakede. Uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezintambo lwenza lo mshini usebenze.
Idivayisi (ukwakheka): I-excavator iqukethe amayunithi amathathu akhulisiwe:
- izinto zokusebenza;
- ipulatifomu ejikelezayo enezindlela;
- inqola egijimayo.
Imishini yokusebenza ichazwe ngenhla - lena yiyona ndlela "Ifosholo eliqondile".
Abavubukuli be-quarry benza imisebenzi eminingi: ukumba, ukuguqula umzimba womshini, ukuhamba, njll. Injini ehlukene yakhelwe ukusebenza ngakunye. Ukwenza yonke le misebenzi, kudingeka inani elikhulu lamasistimu. Zonke izinhlelo nezindlela, njengoba kulindelekile, zitholakala “egumbini lomshini”.
“Igumbi lomshini” le-excavator iyipulatifomu ejikelezayo. Iqukethe umshini wokuphakamisa ibhakede, umshini ojikelezayo, izinto zikagesi ze-excavator enesistimu yokulawula nokuqapha, izindlela ezisizayo, isistimu ye-pneumatic, kanye nesistimu yokugcoba okuzenzakalelayo emaphakathi.
Izimo zokusebenza nempilo yesevisi: Abavubukuli bezimayini basebenza 24/7, futhi impilo yabo yesevisi empeleni yiminyaka engama-30-40.
Amandla/amafutha: Izimbiwa zezimayini zisebenza ngogesi. Ingxenye ngayinye esezintabeni yemayini ithola ugesi esiteshini esincane esingu-35/6 kV.
Hlobo luni lwe-automation abembayo abanalo ebhodini?
I-quarry excavator iyisistimu yezimboni. Imisebenzi yokusebenzisa i-excavator ifana nemisebenzi yokusebenza kwendawo yezimboni:
- ukulawulwa kwemingcele yesistimu yokunyakaza;
- ukuqapha ukugqokwa kwempahla;
- ukuvikelwa kwemishini ezinsongweni zangaphandle nezangaphakathi: ukugcwala ngokweqile, amasekethe amafushane, njll.;
- ukubalwa kwezimali;
- isilawuli sokuma kwe-excavator;
- ukuhlolwa kwemishini ngesikhathi sokusebenza;
- ukulawula "izindawo eziyimpumputhe";
- ukuqapha izinkomba zokusebenza kwe-excavator;
- ukugawula umcimbi;
- ukudluliswa kwedatha ye-accounting emaphakathi.
Umsebenzisi oyedwa uphatha yonke le misebenzi. Lokhu kungenzeka nge-automation.
Isistimu yokulawula inqubo ezenzakalelayo "ebhodini" i-excavator ihlanganisa lezi zinhlelo ezilandelayo:
Ukuqapha amapharamitha wokunyakaza izilawuli zifakiwe. Umsebenzisi uqapha le mingcele elandelayo: ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokulawula ukushayela, izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwezingxenye zesistimu, ingcindezi ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic, namafutha.
Ukulandisa ngamandla kagesi asetshenzisiwe futhi anikeziwe asebenzayo futhi asebenzayo Kufakwe imitha kagesi.
Amabala angaboni, ukusebenza kwemishini kanye nobuso bokusebenza aboniswa esikrinini sika-opharetha. Ngale njongo, amakhamera evidiyo afakiwe.
Okokubala nokubalwa kwezimali izinkomba zokusebenza kwe-excavator idatha evela kuzilawuli isetshenziswa. Izinkomba zibalelwa isikhathi esithile: shift ngayinye, ngenyanga, iqembu ngalinye.
Yonke imicimbi zigcinwa kulogi yomcimbi futhi zigcinwe isikhathi esidingekayo.
Kuhlelwa kanjani ukudluliswa kwedatha?
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-excavator iqukethe i-trolley egijima kanye ne-turntable.
I-turntable ingakwazi ukuzungeza ngokukhululekile amadigri angu-360 ngokuhlobene ne-undercarriage. Kuyinkinga kakhulu ukusebenzisa izintambo ukudlulisa idatha phakathi kwalezi zingxenye ezimbili. Baqhuma ngokushesha okukhulu.
Idatha phakathi kwezingxenye ze-excavator idluliselwa nge-Wi-Fi. Amamojula asebenzayo we-Wi-Fi WLAN 5100 avela kanye nezintambo ezikhethekile kanye nezimpondo ze-omnidirectional . Sekukonke, ama-antenna ama-3 afakwe ku-excavator ukuze kube nokuxhumana okuzinzile.
Futhi ifakwe ku-excavator enothi olubanzi oluqondisayo kanye nedivayisi yokuvikela ukuhlinza .
Vimba umdwebo wesistimu yolwazi ye-minining excavator
Ukufakwa kwezinti ku-Excavator ye-EKG-20
Ibukeka kanjani ikhabethe lomsebenzisi?
Umphumela wokugcina wokuzenzakalelayo womsebenzisi ubukeka kanje:
Source: www.habr.com