Ukukhishwa kwe-Beta Ubuntu 24.04

Ukukhishwa kwe-beta kokusatshalaliswa sekukhishwe Ubuntu 24.04 "Noble Numbat", okwathi ngemva kwalokho kwenziwa ukumiswa okuphelele kwesizindalwazi sephakheji, kwathi abathuthukisi baqhubekela ekuhlolweni kokugcina nasekulungisweni kwamaphutha. Ukukhishwa kuhlelelwe u-Ephreli 25. Igatsha le-24.04 lihlukaniswe njengokukhishwa kokusekelwa kwesikhathi eside (i-LTS), lapho izibuyekezo zenziwa khona esikhathini seminyaka eyi-12 (iminyaka emi-5 yomphakathi jikelele, kanye neminye iminyaka eyi-7 kubasebenzisi bensizakalo). Ubuntu I-Pro). Izithombe zokuhlola ezilungiselelwe zenzelwe Ubuntu, Ubuntu Iseva, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Umlingani, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Isitudiyo, Xubuntu, UbuntuKylin (uhlelo lwaseShayina), Ubuntu Ubunye, Edubuntu и Ubuntu Isinamoni.

Izinguquko eziyinhloko:

• Ideskithophu ibuyekeziwe ukuze kukhishwe i-GNOME 46, eyengeze umsebenzi wokusesha emhlabeni wonke, ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe komphathi wefayela kanye nama-terminal emulators, yengeza ukwesekwa kokuhlola kwendlela ye-VRR (Variable Refresh Rate), ikhwalithi yokuphuma ethuthukisiwe yokukala ngokwengxenye, inwetshiwe. amakhono okuxhuma kumasevisi angaphandle, isihleli esibuyekeziwe kanye nohlelo lwezaziso oluthuthukisiwe. I-GTK isebenzisa injini entsha yokunikezela esekelwe ku-Vulkan API. Uhlelo lokusebenza lwekhamera kashizi luthathelwe indawo yi-GNOME Snapshot.
• Isibindi Linux ibuyekezelwe kunguqulo 6.8.
• Kufana nezinguquko ku-Arch Linux kanye neFedora Linux, ipharamitha ye-sysctl vm.max_map_count, enquma inani eliphezulu lezindawo zokumapha imemori ezitholakalayo enqubweni, inyuswe ngokuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-65530 kuya ku-1048576. Ushintsho luthuthukisa ukuhambisana ne Windows- imidlalo eyethulwe ngeWine (isibonelo, ngenani elidala, iDayZ, iHogwarts Legacy, iCounter Strike 2, iStar Citizen kanye ne-THE FINALS ayizange iqale), futhi yaxazulula ezinye izinkinga zokusebenza ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa inkumbulo kakhulu.
• Izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe ze-GCC 14-pre, LLVM 18, Python 3.12, OpenJDK 21 (OpenJDK 8, 11 kanye no-17 ziyatholakala ngokuzikhethela), Rust 1.76, Go 1.22, .NET 8, PHP 8.3.3, Ruby 3.2.3.
• Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibuyekeziwe zabasebenzisi: IFirefox 124 (yakhiwe ngokusekelwa kwe-Wayland), LibreOffice 24.2, Thunderbird 115, Ardor 8.4.0, OBS Studio 30.0.2, Audacity 3.4.2, Transmission 4.0, digiKam 8.2.0, Kdenlive 23.08.5. .5.2.2.
• Amasistimu angaphansi abuyekeziwe: Mesa 24.0.3, systemd 253.5, BlueZ 5.72, Cairo 1.18, NetworkManager 1.46, Pipewire 1.0.4, Poppler 24.02, xdg-desktop-portal 1.18.
• Amaphakheji eseva abuyekeziwe: Nginx 1.24, Apache httpd 2.4.58, Samba 4.19, Exim 4.97, Clamav 1.0.0, Chrony 4.5, esiqukathi 1.7.12, Django 4.2.11, Docker 24.0.7, Dovecot 2.3.21, G. HAProxy 11.1, Kea DHCP 2.8.5, libvirt 2.4.1, NetSNMP 10.0.0, OpenLDAP 5.9.4, open-vm-tools 2.6.7, PostgreSQL 12.3.5, Runc 16.2, QEsin 1.1.12mAss 8.2.1. .4.0.0, Squid 6.6, SSSD 2.9.4, Pacemaker 2.1.6, OpenStack 2024.1, Ceph 19.2.0, Openvswitch 3.3.0, Open Virtual Network 24.03.
• Iklayenti le-imeyili le-Thunderbird manje liza kuphela ngefomethi ye-snap. Iphakheji ye-Thunderbird DEB iqukethe i-stub yokufaka iphakheji ye-snap.
• Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-gnutls, ukusekelwa kwezinqubo ze-TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, kanye ne-DTLS 1.0, ezachithwa ngokusemthethweni yi-Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) eminyakeni emithathu edlule, kuye kwacishwa ngenkani. Ushintsho olufanayo lwenziwe ku-openssl ku Ubuntu 20.04.
• I-Apparmor inikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalela ukuze ivumele noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza ukufinyelela i-GnuTLS kanye namafayela okulungiselela umtapo we-OpenSSL. Ngaphambilini, ukunikezwa okukhethiwe kubangele izinkinga okunzima ukuzixilonga ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhishwayo kwephutha lapho amafayela okumisa engafinyeleleki.
• Amaphakheji we-pptpd kanye ne-bcrelay asusiwe ngenxa yezinkinga zokuphepha ezingaba khona kanye nokuhoxiswa kwamakhodi angaphansi. Imojuli ye-PAM pam_lastlog.so, engaxazululi inkinga ka-2038, nayo isusiwe.
• Uma wakha amaphakheji, izinketho ze-compiler zinikwa amandla ngokuzenzakalela ukuze zenze ukuxhaphaza ubungozi kube nzima kakhulu. Ku-gcc naku-dpkg, imodi ethi “-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3” inikwa amandla ngokuzenzakalela, ethola ukuchichima okungaba khona kwebhafa lapho kwenziwa imisebenzi yeyunithi yezinhlamvu echazwe kusihloko sefayela le-string.h. Umehluko kumodi esetshenziswe ngaphambilini ethi “_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2” wehlela ekuhlolweni okwengeziwe. Ngokombono, ukuhlola okwengeziwe kungaholela ekusebenzeni okuncishisiwe, kodwa ekusebenzeni, ukuhlolwa kwe-SPEC2000 kanye ne-SPEC2017 akuzange kubonise umehluko futhi kwakungekho zikhalazo kubasebenzisi phakathi nenqubo yokuhlola mayelana nokwehla kokusebenza.
• Kwengezwe ifulegi elithi "-mbranch-protection=standard" ku-dpkg ukuze unike amandla ukuvikelwa kokusayinda kumasistimu e-ARM64 kumasethi eziyalezo okungafanele afakwe kugatsha (ARMv8.5-BTI - Inkomba Yethagethi Yegatsha). Ukuvimbela ukushintshela ezigabeni ezingafanele zekhodi kusetshenziswa ukuze kuvinjwe ukudalwa kwamagajethi emisebenzini esebenzisa amasu okuhlela agxile ekubuyiseleni (ROP - Return-Oriented Programming).
• Umphathi wephakheji le-APT uguqule okubalulekile kwekhosombe "yephakethe elihlongozwayo", elihlola kusengaphambili izinguqulo ezintsha zamaphakheji ngaphambi kokuthi zikhishelwe kumakhosombe amakhulu omphakathi. Ushintsho luhloselwe ukunciphisa amathuba okufakwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezibuyekezo ezingazinzile, uma indawo yokugcina "yephaketheni elihlongozwayo" inikwe amandla, okungaholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu. Ngemva kokunika amandla “iphakethe elihlongozwayo”, zonke izibuyekezo ngeke zisadluliselwa kuyo, kodwa umsebenzisi uzokwazi ukufaka ngokukhetha izibuyekezo zamaphakheji adingekayo esebenzisa umyalo othi “apt install”. / -okuhlongozwayo".
• Isevisi ye-irqbalance, esabalalisa ukuphathwa kokuphazamiseka kwehadiwe kuwo wonke ama-core e-CPU ahlukene, iyekiswe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Njengamanje, izindlela zokusabalalisa ze-kernel zokuphatha okuvamile zanele ezimweni eziningi. LinuxUkusebenzisa i-irqbalance kungafaneleka ezimweni ezithile, kodwa kuphela uma kulungiselelwe kahle ngumlawuli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izilungiselelo, i-irqbalance ingabangela izinkinga, njengalapho isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-virtualization, futhi ingaphazamisa nokucushwa ngesandla kwamapharamitha okuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokubambezeleka.
• Ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi kusekelwa ukukhishwa kwe-Netplan 1.0, egcina izilungiselelo ngefomethi ye-YAML futhi inikeze ama-backend ukufinyelela kokucushwa okungabonakali kwe-NetworkManager kanye ne-systemd-networkd. Inguqulo entsha ingeza ikhono lokusebenzisa i-WPA2 kanye ne-WPA3 ngasikhathi sinye, ingeza ukwesekwa kwamadivayisi enethiwekhi ye-Mellanox VF-LAG ane-SR-IOV (i-Single-Root I/O Virtualization), futhi isebenzisa umyalo we-"netplan status --diff" wokuhlola ngokubonakalayo umehluko phakathi kwezilungiselelo zangempela namafayela okucushwa. Ubuntu Ideskithophu inikwe amandla i-NetworkManager njenge-backend yokucushwa okuzenzakalelayo.
• Umfaki usenziwe waba ngowesimanje ubuntu-i-desktop-installer, manje ethuthukiswa njengengxenye yephrojekthi enkulu ubuntu-ukunikezwa kwedeskithophu futhi kuqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi ubuntu-desktop-bootstrap. Ingqikithi yephrojekthi entsha ukuhlukanisa umfakisi ngezigaba ezenziwa ngaphambi kokufakwa (ukuhlukanisa idiski nokukopisha iphakheji) kanye nangesikhathi sokuqalisa uhlelo lokuqala (ukucushwa kwesistimu kokuqala). Izinguquko zifaka phakathi isikhombimsebenzisi esithuthukisiwe sokufaka, ukungezwa kwekhasi lokucacisa i-URL yokulanda iskripthi sokufaka ezenzakalelayo (autoinstall.yaml), kanye nekhono lokushintsha ukuziphatha okuzenzakalelayo kanye nesitayela sokuklama ngefayela lokucushwa. Usekelo lokubuyekeza umfakisi uqobo lufakiwe: uma inguqulo entsha itholakala ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokufaka, isicelo sokuvuselela umfakisi manje siyaboniswa.

  Umfaki uphinde aqokomise izici ezengeziwe ekukhishweni kwangaphambilini. Ubuntu 23.10, njengokusekelwa kohlelo lwefayela le-ZFS kanye nekhono lokubethela amadiski ngaphandle kokudinga iphasiwedi yokuvula idiski lapho iqala ukusebenza, ngenxa yokugcina ulwazi oluyisihluthulelo lokungabetheli ku-TPM (Trusted Platform Module).
• Ukubhaliswa Okuzenzakalelayo Kwesitifiketi Sesiqondisi Esisebenzayo (i-ADSys) kuvuliwe, okuvumela ukutholwa kwesitifiketi okuzenzakalelayo kusuka kumasevisi e-Active Directory lapho izinqubomgomo zeqembu zivuliwe. Ukutholwa kwesitifiketi okuzenzakalelayo nge-Active Directory nakho kusebenza lapho kuxhunywa kumanethiwekhi angenantambo ezinkampani kanye i-VPN.
• Umphathi wesicelo omusha othuthukisiwe Ubuntu Isikhungo Sezinhlelo Zokusebenza, esibhalwe nge-Dart sisebenzisa uhlaka lwe-Flutter kanye namasu okwakha aphendulayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sisebenza kahle ezikrinini zabo bonke osayizi. Ubuntu Isitolo sisebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi esihlanganisiwe sokusebenza namaphakheji e-DEB kanye ne-Snap (uma uhlelo olufanayo lupakishwe kokubili kumafomethi e-DEB kanye ne-Snap, i-Snap ikhethwa ngokuzenzakalelayo). Ikuvumela ukuthi useshe futhi uzulazule kukhathalogi yamaphakheji e-snapcraft.io kanye nama-repositories e-DEB axhunyiwe, uphathe ukufakwa, ukususwa, kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi ufake amaphakheji e-DEB ngamanye kusuka kumafayela endawo. Uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenzisa uhlelo lokulinganisa, luthatha indawo yesikali sokulinganisa samaphuzu amahlanu ngevoti lokuthanda/lokungathandi (+1/-1), elisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza isilinganiso sezinkanyezi ezinhlanu ezibonakalayo.

  Ubuntu I-App Center ithatha indawo yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Snap Store esidala. Uma siqhathaniswa ne Ubuntu Ngomhlaka-23.10 Okthoba, kwanezelwa isigaba esisha sohlelo lokusebenza: Imidlalo (imidlalo ye-GNOME isusiwe ekusakazweni). Kwafakwa isikhombimsebenzisi esihlukile sokubuyekeza i-firmware, i-Firmware Updater, esitholakalayo kumasistimu asekelwe ku-architectures ye-amd64 kanye ne-arm64, okuvumela izibuyekezo ze-firmware ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umphathi wohlelo lokusebenza ogcwele ngemuva.

• Amaphakheji okwakhiwa kwe-32-bit Armhf ashintshiwe ukuze asebenzise uhlobo lwe-64-bit time_t. Ushintsho luthinte amaphakheji angaphezu kwenkulungwane. Uhlobo lwe-32-bit time_t olusetshenziswe ngaphambilini alukwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha izikhathi ezingemuva kukaJanuwari 19, 2038, ngenxa yokuchichima kwekhawunta yamasekhondi kusukela ngomhla ka-1 Januwari 1970.
• Kubuyekezwe imihlangano ye-Raspberry Pi 5 (iseva nomsebenzisi) kanye namabhodi e-StarFive VisionFive 2 (RISC-V).
• В Ubuntu I-Cinnamon isebenzisa indawo yomsebenzisi ye-Cinnamon 6.0 ngokusekelwa kokuqala kwe-Wayland.
• Ku-Xubuntu Ukulethwa kwemvelo okusekelwe ku-Xfce 4.18 kuqhubekile.
• В Ubuntu I-Mate isebenzisa indawo yedeskithophu ye-MATE 1.28, engakamenyezelwa ngokusemthethweni.
• В Ubuntu I-Budgie isebenzisa indawo yedeskithophu ye-Budgie 10.9.
• Ku-Kubuntu I-KDE Plasma 5.27 iyaqhubeka nokuthunyelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-KDE 6 izonikezwa ekukhishweni kwe-K ekwindlaubuntu 24.10. Ilogo nombala kubuyekeziwe.
• Ku-Lubuntu Isifaki esisekelwe ohlakeni lwe-Calamares sithuthukisiwe. Ikhasi lingeziwe lokuhlela amapharamitha okufaka, njengokufaka izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo, ukufaka ama-codec kanye nabashayeli abazimele, kanye nokufaka izinhlelo ezengeziwe. Izindlela zokufaka ezincane, ezigcwele, nezijwayelekile zifakiwe. Isikrini sokuqala sokuqalisa sifakiwe, esikuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele ulimi kanye nokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi okungenantambo, kanye nokukhetha ukuthi uzoqalisa yini isifaki noma ushintshele kumodi ebukhoma. I-Bluetooth Manager kanye nomhleli wezilungiselelo ze-SDDM display manager bafakiwe. Indawo yedeskithophu ivuselelwe ku-LXQt 1.4.
• В Ubuntu Usizo lwe-Studio lungeziwe Ubuntu Ukucushwa Komsindo Wesitudiyo ukuze kulungiselelwe izilungiselelo zePipeWire.

Source: opennet.ru