Kuvame ukuba nemibiko mayelana nokukhishwa kwamadivayisi amasha e-IoT noma amakhithi e-smart home, kodwa akuvamile ukuthi kube nokubuyekezwa mayelana nokusebenza kwangempela kwezinhlelo ezinjalo. Futhi banginika inkinga evame kakhulu kulo lonke elaseRussia nasemazweni angomakhelwane: kwakudingeka ukuvikela i-dacha nokuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenza ekwindla-ebusika. Kokubili ukuphepha kanye nenkinga yokushisisa i-automation kwaxazululwa ngokoqobo ngosuku olulodwa. Ngicela bonke abanentshisekelo ngaphansi kwekati. Ngokwesiko, kulabo abathanda ukubuka kunokufunda, ngenze ividiyo.
Ake siqale ngezinsiza ezitholakalayo: indlu yokhuni enogesi (ngaphambilini kwakukhona isigaba esingu-1 5 kW), ukunikezwa kwegesi kanye nendawo ethule, cishe ekude. Indlu inesitofu esikhulu nesinhle sokushisa izinkuni, kodwa muva nje bafake ubhayela wegesi bafaka nama-radiator endlini yonke.
Futhi manje mayelana nemisebenzi: naphezu komakhelwane abahlala eduze, ngingathanda ukwazi mayelana nokungena okungenzeka endlini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa elincane endlini futhi ufudumale indlu ngaphambi kokuba abanikazi bafike, okungukuthi, ukulawula okude kwe-boiler kuyadingeka. Yebo, yiqiniso, kuyadingeka ukuxwayisa mayelana nomlilo ongase ube khona noma umusi ekamelweni. Ngakho-ke, uhlu lwezidingo zesistimu lwabekwa kanje:
- Ukutholakala kwenzwa yentuthu
- Ukuba khona kwenzwa yokunyakaza
- Ukutholakala kwe-thermostat elawulwayo
- Ukutholakala kweyunithi eyinhloko edlulisela ulwazi ku-smartphone noma i-imeyili
Ukukhethwa kwezisetshenziswa
Ngemva kokusesha i-inthanethi, ngabona ukuthi ukuhambisana nemibandela ebekiwe, kungaba uhlelo olubi kakhulu futhi olubizayo olunokusebenza okungafuneki lufanelekile, noma udinga ukuhlanganisa into elula futhi uzihlukanise. Ngakho-ke ngafika emcabangweni wokuthi ukuphepha kuyinto eyodwa, futhi ukulawulwa kwe-boiler kungenye. Ngemva kokwenza lesi sinqumo, konke kwahamba kalula futhi ngokushesha. Ngibheke ikakhulukazi phakathi kwentuthuko yaseRussia ukuze isevisi nabathuthukisi batholakale. Ngenxa yalokho, inkinga yaxazululwa ngamakhithi amabili ahlukene:
- I-Thermostat Zont H-1 yokulawula ukushisa
- I-LifeControl βDachnyβ ikhithi yasekhaya ehlakaniphile yokwakha uhlelo lokuphepha
Ake ngichaze ukukhetha. Nginombono wokuthi izinhlelo kufanele zibe nemigudu yokuxhumana ezimele ukuze ukwehluleka komunye umzila wokuxhumana kungaphazamisi ukusebenza kolunye uhlelo. Ngiphinde ngathola ama-SIM card ambalwa kubahlinzeki abahlukene: eyodwa isebenza ku-thermostat, enye kuhabhu lasekhaya elihlakaniphile.
Umsebenzi we-thermostat ukugcina izinga lokushisa ngokweshejuli (ngoLwesihlanu kusihlwa iqala ukushisisa indlu ngaphambi kokuba abanikazi bayo bafike, ngeSonto kusihlwa ishintshela kumodi yezomnotho egcina izinga lokushisa licishe libe ngu-10 degrees), ukubika ukuphela kukagesi noma isimo esiphuthumayo. ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa.
Umsebenzi wekhaya elihlakaniphile ukulawula ukuvulwa komnyango wangaphambili, ukulawula ukunyakaza ekamelweni, ukuqaphela intuthu ekuqaleni komlilo, ukwazisa abanikazi bendlu ngezenzakalo ezihlukahlukene eziphuthumayo ku-smartphone, nokuqinisekisa ukutholakala inthanethi endlini.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesiRashiya ngohlu lwezinzwa. Okokuqala, nganginesithakazelo ekuthembekeni nasekuzilawuleni. Le thermostat inemodemu ye-GSM eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, inzwa yezinga lokushisa kanye nesidluliseli esakhelwe ngaphakathi sokulawula ibhayela. Imodemu isekela kuphela ubuchwepheshe bokudluliswa kwedatha ye-GPRS, futhi akukho okunye okudingekayo, njengoba ivolumu yokudluliswa kwedatha incane kakhulu futhi isivinini asibalulekile lapha. Ikhithi ihlanganisa i-antenna yangaphandle yokuthuthukisa isignali uma kwenzeka kuba nekhwalithi yokuxhumana ephansi. I-relay isebenza ngesimiso sokuxhumana okomile futhi idlulisela umyalo kubhayela ukuze uvule futhi uvale lapho izinga lokushisa elibekiwe lifinyelelwa. Kukhona iphoyinti elithile elimisiwe ukuze i-boiler ingabi nezinkinga ngokuhlala ivula futhi ivala eduze kwezinga lokushisa eliqondiwe. Idivayisi ingafakwa ibhethri elikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo amahora ambalwa. Isilawuli sithumela isexwayiso lapho inethiwekhi yangaphandle inqanyulwa. Isexwayiso sifika futhi uma amandla angaphandle evela. Kukhona ukulawula ngewebhusayithi, uhlelo lokusebenza ku-smartphone nange-SMS.
Enye intuthuko yaseRussia enokukhethwa okubanzi kwezinzwa, ama-actuator namandla amahle okunweba. Iqhinga liwukuthi ikhaya elihlakaniphile lisebenza ngokusekelwa kwe-protocol ye-ZigBee, okusho ukuthi maduze kuzokwazi ukuxhuma amadivaysi amaningi ezinkampani zangaphandle kuwo. Kodwa ngisho namanje uhlu olukhona lwanele ukuhlomisa indlu, futhi lonke uhla lwamadivayisi kulindeleke. Ngakhangwa iqiniso lokuthi iyunithi yekhanda noma ihabhu ifakwe imodemu yayo ye-3G/4G, inemojula ye-Wi-Fi futhi isekela ukuxhumana nabahlinzeki abanezintambo. Okusho ukuthi, idivayisi ingaxhunywa njengerutha futhi isabalalise i-Wi-Fi, ixhume ngokungenantambo kumzila okhona, noma ixhume ihabhu ku-inthanethi isebenzisa inethiwekhi ka-opharetha weselula. Esimweni sokugcina, ihabhu liphenduka irutha futhi lingakwazi ukusabalalisa i-inthanethi nge-Wi-Fi! Ngizokwengeza ukuthi ihabhu inemakrofoni eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nekhamera, futhi inebhethri yokusebenza okuzimele uma inethiwekhi yangaphandle inqanyuliwe. Ikhithi ye-"dacha" ihlanganisa nenzwa yokunyakaza, inzwa yokuvula umnyango kanye nenzwa yentuthu. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamadivayisi kwenziwa ngaphandle kwentambo, futhi izinzwa ngokwazo zisebenza kumabhethri azo.
Setha futhi uqalise
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, bengilindele ukuthi imikhiqizo yethu izoba nezinkinga zokusetha, kodwa nganginephutha. Bengilindele i-interfaces elula ne-nondescript, kodwa nganginephutha futhi. Ngizovumelana futhi ngiqale nge-thermostat ye-Zont H-1.
Idivayisi iza ne-SIM khadi enohlobo oluthile lwemali ekhokhwa ngomumo futhi isilungele ukusetshenziswa. Ukufakwa nokuxhuma kubhayela nazo zonke izintambo ezisebenza kuthathe cishe isigamu sehora. I-boiler ngayinye inepheya labathintwayo bokuxhuma i-thermostat, evala lapho i-boiler izoqalwa futhi ivuleke lapho izinga lokushisa elifunekayo lifinyelelwa. I-boiler ngokwayo kufanele isethwe kusengaphambili izinga lokushisa elidingekayo lokupholisa. Izilungiselelo ze-boiler zingaphezu kobubanzi be-athikili, kodwa uma lesi sihloko sithakazelisa, ngingakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo kumazwana. Khona-ke yonke into yayilula: ukufaka isicelo ku-smartphone, ukuxhumanisa i-thermostat ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu, ukusetha amaphrofayili (umnotho, induduzo kanye nesimiso). Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma ubeka inzwa yokushisa ephakeme, izinga lokushisa langempela ekamelweni ngeke libe phezulu kakhulu, futhi uma ubeka inzwa eduze nephansi, igumbi lizoshisa kakhulu. Kunconywa ukufaka inzwa ekuphakameni kwe-1-1.5 m ukusuka phansi ukuze udale izimo ezikhululekile kakhulu. Ungakwazi ukuxhuma izinzwa eziningana zokushisa, kufaka phakathi ezingenazintambo, kodwa i-boiler izolawulwa eyodwa kuphela yazo. Ungakwazi ukulawula i-thermostat kusukela kuwebhusayithi naku-smartphone yakho.
Manje ngizodlulela encazelweni yamakhono nokuxhumana kwe-Life Control 2.0 uhlelo lwasekhaya oluhlakaniphile. Ngizoqala ngeyunithi yekhanda noma ihabhu. Nginqume ukuyisebenzisa njengerutha yeselula. Ngithathe i-SIM khadi ene-inthanethi engenamkhawulo ngayishutheka kumzila. Ngendlela, i-antenna engemuva ku-router isebenzela ukwandisa indawo ye-Wi-Fi, futhi kukhona i-antenna yangaphakathi yokuthola isignali ku-opharetha weselula. Bekungadingeki ukuthi ngilungise lutho nhlobo; ngixhume ku-smartphone yami kanye nelaptop yami kurutha futhi ngaqala ukusebenzisa i-inthanethi. Okulandelayo, ngifake uhlelo ku-smartphone yami futhi ngengeza zonke izinzwa ngayo. Lapho ngiphinde ngimise imithetho yokucupha imicimbi yezinzwa: isibonelo, uma ngivula umnyango, ngithola isexwayiso ku-smartphone yami kanye ne-imeyili. Isithombe esisuka kuhabhu siphinde sengezwe kuyo. Kwenzeka okufanayo uma inzwa yokunyakaza noma umtshina wentuthu ucushiwe. Ihabhu libekwe ngendlela yokuthi lihlale lingabonakali ekamelweni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze umnyango wangaphambili kanye negumbi eline-boiler yegesi libonakale. Okungukuthi, lapho kungabikho wonke umuntu endlini, uma umtshina wentuthu uhamba, ungakwazi ukuxhuma futhi ubone ngesikhathi sangempela okwenzekayo endlini.
Ukuhlanganisa okuhlukile ubukhona bebhethri. Uma inethiwekhi yangaphandle ivaliwe, ihabhu iyaqhubeka nokusebenza kubhethri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi amanye amahora angu-5 noma 6. Lapha ungabuka i-movie kusuka kukhompuyutha ephathekayo noma i-smartphone kuze kube yilapho inethiwekhi ivuliwe. Futhi uhlelo lwezokuphepha luzosebenza uma abangeneleli benquma ukucisha ugesi endlini, ngethemba lokukhubaza uhlelo lokuphepha. Ngokwehlukana, bengikhathazekile ngodaba lobubanzi bokusebenza kwezinzwa kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza ebhethrini elilodwa. Konke kulula nalokhu: ububanzi bulinganiswa ngamamitha angamashumi endlini uma izindonga zingavikelekile, futhi i-protocol ye-ZigBee isebenza nge-frequency ye-868 MHz futhi inikeza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ngakho-ke inzwa ingasebenza ngebhethri elilodwa. unyaka noma emibili, kuye ngobuningi bokuphendula.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi iphrothokholi ye-ZigBee isebenza ngomgomo wezinhlelo ze-Mesh, lapho idivayisi emaphakathi iyisixhumanisi phakathi kwehabhu kanye nenzwa ekude kakhulu. Kuhlelo lwe-LifeControl, isixhumanisi esinjalo singamadivaysi kuphela ahlala exhunywe ekunikezeni amandla: okwamanje, lawa angamasokhethi alawulwayo namalambu okukhanya (uma ehlala enikezwa amandla).
Kuthiwani ngalabo abangenawo uphethiloli? Uma indlu ishiswa ngamabhethri kagesi, khona-ke ungakwazi ukulungisa ukusebenza kwamasokhethi alawulwayo ngendlela yokuthi azovula ngaphambi kokufika kwakho futhi ama-heaters azoba nesikhathi sokufudumala indlu ngaphambi kokuba abanikazi bafike. Futhi, amasokhethi angasebenza njengesistimu yokusekelayo yokuqala amabhethri kagesi uma i-boiler ihluleka, ukuze ukupholisa amapayipi kungabi yiqhwa. Ngizokwengeza kulokhu ukuthi uma indlu ine-insulation enhle, khona-ke ungasetha isimiso sokuvula amabhethri kagesi ngentengo yasebusuku, ukufudumala indlu ubusuku bonke nokucisha usuku - ukonga kule mode yokushisa kungafinyelela kusuka. Amaphesenti angama-30 kuye kwangama-50, kuye ngosayizi wegebe ezindlekweni zakho zikagesi.
Ukuhlola
Ngakho, amadivaysi asethiwe futhi ayasebenza. Ibhayela iyasebenza futhi indlu ifudumele, iyashisa. I-thermostat isebenza ngokwethembeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa futhi ibonakala ekusebenzeni kwe-boiler, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi ivala bese ivula. Inzwa yezinga lokushisa ihanjiswe ngokukhethekile isuka egumbini elinebhayela yayiswa egumbini lokuphumula elisezingeni okhalo. Manje mayelana nohlelo lwasekhaya oluhlakaniphile. Ngabeka ihabhu ekhishini, elaziwa nangokuthi i-boiler room, elibheke emnyango ongaphambili. Ngilengise inzwa yokuvula umnyango emnyango wangaphambili uqobo, ngabeka inzwa yokunyakaza egumbini elingemuva, elingabonakali emgwaqeni, ngalikhomba emafasiteleni. Okusho ukuthi, uma abahlaseli befuna ukungena endlini ngefasitela kusukela ohlangothini olungemuva, ngizophinde ngithole isaziso. Umshini wokuthunga intuthu ulengiswe phakathi nekhishi wahlolwa. Ngisho noma ipheshana lithungelwa ngomlilo, lasebenza cishe umzuzu owodwa, nakuba wawungekho umusi omningi. Ngakho-ke, uma uthosa kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi unomusi, faka i-hood ukuze ungabangeli ama-alamu angamanga womtshina wentuthu. Ayibonisi ukude kuphela, kodwa nasendaweni - nge-squeak enkulu endlini yonke.
Zombili lezi zinhlelo zikuvumela ukuthi uqaphe noma uzilawule wena kuphela, kodwa futhi unikeze ukufinyelela kwabanye abasebenzisi. Kuhlelo lwe-Zont, lokhu kubonakala ngokudlulisela ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi ukuze uthole ukufinyelela okugcwele noma ngokudala ukungena kwezivakashi, lapho umuntu ekwazi ukuqapha isimo, kodwa engakwazi ukuthonya ukusebenza kwesistimu. I-LifeControl smart home ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe izimemo kubasebenzisi bezinkampani zangaphandle kuphela abanekhono lokubuka isimo sesistimu. Konke kusebenza ngefu, ngakho kuzo zombili izimo ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokusebenza, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiteshi sokuxhumana nezici zokuxhuma.
Umphumela
Ngakho, indlu yezwe ilungele ubusika. Isistimu yokushisa izokuvumela ukuthi ufike endlini eshisayo kakade futhi ulondoloze ekushiseni lapho kungekho muntu endlini. Futhi uhlelo lwekhaya oluhlakaniphile luzokwenza ukuthi ungakhathazeki ngokuphepha kwendlu yakho, kokubili kulabo abafuna ukuzuza endaweni yakho, nasezimweni ezingalindelekile. Kuyafaneleka ukungeza ukuthi indlu kufanele isafakwe izinhlelo zokucisha umlilo ezizenzakalelayo ze-OSP noma i-Buran. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwe-LifeControl luyi-modular futhi inani lezinzwa lingandiswa ngokuya ngezidingo. Ngikholwa ukuthi ezinye izinzwa zokunyakaza ezimbalwa zizongezwa kulesi simiso ukuze zimboze wonke umjikelezo wendlu. Kumelwe kushiwo ukuthi ukusetha nokusebenzisa izinhlelo akuzange kuphakamise noma yimiphi imibuzo: uma nge-thermostat kwakudingekile ukubhekisela emiyalweni, khona-ke ngesistimu yasekhaya ehlakaniphile konke kwakunembile.
Ibhonasi
Ngemva kokuphenya iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi, ngathola ikhasi lapho unga-oda ikhithi yendlu yezwe ngenani elishibhile lesithathu kunokulihlanganisa ngokuhlukana. Asikho isixhumanisi esiqondile esizeni ngokwaso, kodwa ngenze i-oda ngalinda. Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-10 bafona futhi baqinisekisa umyalelo. Ngakho-ke ngenkathi isebenza, ngizokwabelana ngayo. Ngikulungele ukuphendula imibuzo mayelana nokusebenza kwazo zombili izinhlelo. Ungakhohlwa - Ubusika buyeza!
Source: www.habr.com