Umphathi wephakheji we-GNU Guix 1.0 kanye nokusabalalisa kwe-GuixSD okusekelwe kuyo kuyatholakala

kwenzeka ukukhululwa komphathi wephakheji I-GNU Guix 1.0 kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-GuixSD GNU/Linux eyakhelwe phezu kwesisekelo sayo (I-Guix System Distribution). Ushintsho olubalulekile lwenombolo yenguqulo kungenxa yokuqedwa kwakho konke ukusetshenziswa imigomo, ilethwe ukwenza ukukhululwa okuyingqophamlando. Ukukhululwa kufingqe iminyaka eyisikhombisa yomsebenzi kuphrojekthi futhi kwathiwa isilungele ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Okokulayisha kwakheka izithombe zokufakwa ku-USB Flash (243 MB) futhi zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zokusebenzisa izinto ezibonakalayo (474+MB). Isekela ukusebenza ku-i686, x86_64, armv7 kanye nezakhiwo ze-arch64.

Ukusabalalisa kuvumela ukufakwa njenge ezimele OS ezinhlelweni ze-virtualization, ezitsheni nasezinsizeni ezijwayelekile, kanye ukwethula ekusabalaliseni okuvele kufakiwe kwe-GNU/Linux, esebenza njengenkundla yokuthunyelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Umsebenzisi uhlinzekwa ngemisebenzi efana nokucabangela ukuncika, ukwakha okuphindaphindiwe, ukusebenza ngaphandle kwezimpande, ukubuyela emuva ezinguqulweni zangaphambilini uma kunezinkinga, ukuphathwa kokumisa, izindawo zokuhlanganisa (ukudala ikhophi eliqondile lemvelo yesofthiwe kwamanye amakhompyutha), njll. .

main emisha:

• Okusha kwengeziwe isifaki esisebenzisanayo, ukusebenza ngemodi yombhalo;
  

• Ilungiselelwe isithombe esisha semishini ebonakalayo, efanelekile kokubili ukujwayela ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokudala izindawo zokusebenza zokuthuthukiswa;
• Kwengezwe izinsiza zesistimu entsha izinkomishi-pk-helper, imap4d, inputattach, localed, nslcd, zabbix-agent kanye ne-zabbix-server;
• Izinguqulo zohlelo kumaphakheji angu-2104 zabuyekezwa, amaphakheji amasha angu-1102 angeziwe. Kubandakanya izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe ze-clojure 1.10.0, izinkomishi 2.2.11, emacs 26.2, gcc 8.3.0, gdb 8.2.1, ghc 8.4.3,
  gimp 2.10.10, glibc 2.28, gnome 3.28.2, gnupg 2.2.15, hamba 1.12.1,
  ubuqili 2.2.4, icecat 60.6.1-guix1, icedtea 3.7.0, inkscape 0.92.4,
  i-libreoffice 6.1.5.2, i-linux-libre 5.0.10, i-mate 1.22.0, i-ocaml 4.07.1,
  i-octave 5.1.0, openjdk 11.28, python 3.7.0, rust 1.34.0, r 3.6.0,
  sbcl 1.5.1, umalusi 0.6.0, xfce 4.12.1 kanye xorg-server 1.20.4;

• I-GNU Shepherd Service Manager ibuyekezelwe enguqulweni 0.6, esebenzisa imodi yokusebenza yesevisi yesibhamu esisodwa, lapho isevisi imakwa ukuthi imisiwe ngokushesha ngemva kokuqaliswa okuphumelelayo, okungase kudingeke ukuthi iqalise imisebenzi yesikhathi esisodwa ngaphambi kwezinye izinsizakalo, isibonelo, ukwenza ukuhlanza noma ukuqalisa;
• Ngomyalo we-"guix package", iziteketiso "faka", "susa", "thuthukisa" kanye "nokusesha" ezivamile zabanye abaphathi bephakheji yengeziwe. Ukuze useshe iphakheji ungasebenzisa umyalo othi "ukusesha kwe-guix", ukufaka "ukufakwa kwe-guix", kanye nokubuyekeza "i-guix pull" kanye "nokuthuthukiswa kwe-guix";
• Inkomba yenqubekelaphambili yokusebenza nokugqanyiswa kombala kwemilayezo yokuxilonga kungeziwe kumphathi wephakheji. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, imiyalo eminingi manje isebenza ngaphandle kokukhishwa kwesikrini okuningiliziwe, esinikwa amandla ngenketho ehlukile ethi “-v” (--verbosity);
• Umyalo omusha othi "guix system delete-generations" nezinketho "guix pack -save-provenance", "guix pull -news", "guix environment -preserve", "guix gc -list-roots", "guix" yengeziwe kumphathi wephakeji ye-guix gc -delete-generations", "guix weather -coverage";
• Izinketho ezintsha zengeziwe ukuguqulwa kwephakheji "--with-git-url" kanye "-with-branch";
• Izinkambu zokucupha "i-keyboard-layout" yokuchaza ukwakheka kwekhibhodi, "xorg-configuration" yokumisa iseva ye-X, "ilebula" yelebula yesigaba kanye "nezinsizakalo-ezibalulekile" zokuchaza izinsizakalo eziyinhloko zengeziwe ekusabalaliseni;
• Kwengezwe umyalo othi "guix pack -RR" ukuze kudalwe ingobo yomlando yethayela yezinto ezisebenzisekayo ezingasuswa ezingase zisetshenziswe ngokuhlobene nezindlela ezisesikhaleni samagama somsebenzisi noma ngokuhlobene ne-PRoot;
• "i-guix pull" inikeza ukwakheka kwenqolobane yephakheji ukusheshisa imisebenzi yosesho ngegama futhi inikeza ukushumeka kwephakheji ye-"glibc-utf8-locales";
• Ukuphindaphinda okugcwele (i-bit for bit) kwezithombe ze-ISO ezikhiqizwe umyalo "we-guix system" kuqinisekiswa;
• I-GDM isetshenziswa njengomphathi wokungena esikhundleni se-SLiM;
• Ukusekela ukwakha i-Guix usebenzisa i-Guile 2.0 kunqanyuliwe.

Ake sikukhumbuze ukuthi umphathi wephakheji we-GNU Guix usekelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwephrojekthi I-Nix futhi ngaphezu kwemisebenzi evamile yokuphatha iphakheji, isekela izici ezinjengokwenza izibuyekezo zokuthengiselana, ikhono lokuhlehlisa izibuyekezo, ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuthola amalungelo omsebenzisi omkhulu, ukusekelwa kwamaphrofayili aboshelwe kubasebenzisi ngabanye, ikhono lokufaka ngesikhathi esisodwa izinguqulo ezimbalwa zohlelo olulodwa, amathuluzi okuqoqa udoti (ukukhomba nokukhipha izinguqulo ezingasetshenzisiwe zamaphakheji). Ukuze uchaze izimo zokwakhiwa kohlelo lokusebenza kanye nemithetho yokwakhiwa kwephakheji, kuhlongozwa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ulimi olukhethekile olukhethekile lwesizinda esithile kanye nezingxenye ze-API ye-Guile Scheme, ezikuvumela ukuthi wenze yonke imisebenzi yokuphatha iphakheji Kuhlelo olusebenzayo lolimi lokuhlela.

Isekela amandla okusebenzisa amaphakheji alungiselelwe umphathi wephakheji ye-Nix futhi abekwe endaweni yokugcina
Nixpkgs. Ngokungeziwe ekusebenzeni ngamaphakeji, kuyenzeka ukuthi udale imibhalo yokuphatha ukucushwa kohlelo lokusebenza. Uma iphakheji lakhiwe, konke okuncikile okuhlobene nalo kulandwa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi kwakhiwe. Kungenzeka ukulanda amaphakheji kanambambili asevele enziwe endaweni yokugcina noma ukwakha kusuka emibhalweni yomthombo nakho konke okuncikile. Amathuluzi asetshenzisiwe ukuze kugcinwe izinguqulo zezinhlelo ezifakiwe zisesikhathini samanje ngokuhlela ukufakwa kwezibuyekezo ezivela endaweni yokugcina yangaphandle.

Indawo yokwakha yamaphakheji yakhiwa ngendlela yesitsha esiqukethe zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ukuze isicelo sisebenze, esikuvumela ukuthi udale iqoqo lamaphakheji angasebenza ngaphandle kokubheka ukwakheka kwemvelo yesistimu yokusabalalisa, lapho i-Guix isetshenziswa njengesengezo. Ukuncika kunganqunywa phakathi kwamaphakheji e-Guix ngokuskena ama-hash esihlonzi ohlwini lwemibhalo lwamaphakheji afakiwe ukuze kutholwe ubukhona bokuncika osekufakiwe. Amaphakheji afakwe esihlahleni sohla lwemibhalo esihlukile noma ohlwini olungaphansi lwemibhalo yomsebenzisi, oluvumela ukuthi luhlale ndawonye nabanye abaphathi bephakheji futhi lunikeze ukusekelwa kwebanga elibanzi lokusabalalisa okukhona. Isibonelo, iphakheji ifakwe njenge /nix/store/f42d5878f3a0b426064a2b64a0c6f92-firefox-66.0.0/, lapho i-"f42d58..." iyinkomba yephakheji ehlukile esetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukuncika.

Ukusatshalaliswa kuhlanganisa izingxenye zamahhala kuphela futhi kuza ne-GNU Linux-Libre kernel, ehlanzwe kunezici ezingezona zamahhala ze-firmware kanambambili. I-GCC 8.3 isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa. Umphathi wesevisi usetshenziswa njengesistimu yokuqalisa Umelusi we-GNU (owangaphambili dmd), ithuthukiswe njengenye indlela ye-SysV-init enokwesekwa kokuncika. I-Daemon yokulawula i-Shepherd kanye nezinsiza zibhalwe nge-Guile (enye yezinhlelo zokusetshenziswa kolimi Lwezinhlelo), ephinde isetshenziselwe ukuchaza amapharamitha wokuqalisa amasevisi. Isithombe esiyisisekelo sisekela imodi ye-console, kodwa ukufakwa ilungisiwe 9714 amaphakheji enziwe ngomumo, okuhlanganisa izingxenye zesitaki sezithombe ezisuselwe ku-X.Org, abaphathi bewindi le-dwm kanye ne-ratpoison, ideskithophu ye-Xfce, kanye nokukhethwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zegraphic.

Source: opennet.ru