Ngaphambi kokudlulela eDisco Elysium, ake sibuyele emuva eminyakeni eyi-100. Ngawo-1910 no-20s, u-Lev Kuleshov wabonisa umphumela wokuhlelwa kwefilimu - kuye ngokuqhathaniswa kwamafreyimu amabili abekwe eceleni, kuvela incazelo entsha. U-Kuleshov wadubula ubuso bomlingisi, kwase kuba amanye amafreyimu angu-3: isitsha sesobho, intombazane ebhokisini kanye nentombazane esofeni.
Kuye ngokuthi yimaphi amafreyimu aboniswe ezithamelini, umbono nawo ushintshile. Ababukeli babecabanga ukuthi le ndoda ilambile (isitsha sesobho), idabukile (intombazane esebhokisini), noma ithathekile (owesifazane). Kodwa empeleni, isimo sobuso bendoda sasifana kuzo zonke izimo, isithombe sokuqala kuphela esasihlukile. Lo mphumela wengqondo, obizwa ngokuthi umphumela we-Kuleshov, ubonisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kuyithonya kanjani incazelo ekhishiwe.
Umphumela we-Kuleshov uvela ezindabeni zomdlalo wegatsha futhi ufeza izinjongo ezimbili: okokuqala, ukwenza ukukhetha kuhlabeke umxhwele, okwesibili, ukukhawulela isakhiwo.
Isibonelo. Umlingiswa uzokhaphela umlingisi oyinhloko endaweni ethile esakhiweni. Umdlali angenza izinqumo ezithinta ubudlelwano bakhe nalo mlingisi:
- "Kuhle": umdlali uyamsiza, futhi umlingisi usabela ngomusa. Uma kwenzeka ukukhaphela, lo mlingisi uba umakhi okhohlisayo.
- "Kubi". Umdlali uyamlimaza, futhi umlingisi uyaziqhelelanisa. Ubhekwa kanjani umlingiswa kulesi simo? Uyimbuka elilindelekile.
Ukuze kukhawulwe isakhiwo, emphumeleni we-Kuleshov ukukhetha komdlali kungahlukaniswa ngokuthi "ukudubula" okungokomongo ("isibhamu" sokuqala = isitsha sesobho). Ukukhaphela "ishot" elihunyushwe kumongo ("isibhamu" sesibili = ubuso bomuntu). Umdlali unikezwa inkululeko yokwenza okokuqala, kodwa hhayi kwesibili. Lokhu kusisiza ukuthi senze izinqumo mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinqumo umdlali angazenza. Isibonelo, kungase kungabi khona ukukhetha ukubulala imbuka ngoba "isibhamu" sesibili sidinga ukuthi siphile. Lokhu kukhawulela ukuthi lingakanani ithonya umdlali angaba nalo endabeni ngenkathi kumnika ithuba lokuhlola indaba yakhe.
Manje ake sibuyele ku-Disco Elysium. Lena i-RPG, njengazo zonke ezinye, inezibalo zabalingiswa. Lezi akuzona izibalo zakho ezijwayelekile ze-D&D njengamandla, ukuhlakanipha, i-charisma, njll. Izibalo ku-Disco Elysium ziwuzwela, i-encyclopedia negunya. Uma umdlali efaka amaphuzu amaningi kulawa makhono, umlingiswa uba ngcono kuwo, futhi amthinta kakhulu. Uma ungakadlali, kungenzeka ukuthi uyabuza, "Umlingisi womdlali angathinteka kanjani ekuzweleni?" Impendulo: ubudlelwano.
Ubudlelwano imigqa yezingxoxo ethintwa izibalo zomlingisi wakho. Isibonelo, uma umlingiswa enozwela oluphezulu, khona-ke kuzovela phakathi nengxoxo enjengokuthi: "Uzama ukungakubonisi, kodwa ucasulwa isidumbu ngemuva kwendlu." Khona-ke, lapho umdlali ethola izinketho zengxoxo, uyazihlola ngokusekelwe kulokho kwaziswa kozwela. Ezinye zezikhathi ezihlekisayo kugeyimu zenzeka lapho izibalo ezimbili zinikeza izinketho ezihlukile. Isibonelo, uma uzwelo lukutshela ukuthi uzwelane ngoba umlingiswa usengcupheni yokuqhekeka, khona-ke iziphathimandla zeluleka ukuthi umsunduze kakhudlwana kulokhu.
Kungani ukukhetha eDisco Elysium kuphoqeleka kakhulu kunesibonelo sokukhaphela esingenhla? Esibonelweni sokuqala, ukukhetha komdlali kuhlanganisa "ishothi" komongo. Ukukhaphela okungenakugwenywa “ukudubula” okuhunyushwa ngokomongo. Ku-Disco Elysium, "isithombe" somongo siwubudlelwane, ngakho ukukhetha kwengxoxo kungaba "isibhamu" esihunyushwa ngokuthi "isibhamu esizayo". Izinketho zomdlali azisekho ngokomongo. Iphuzu elingezansi: isenzo esinomongo sidala incazelo.
Ukuxhumana kuwumphumela we-Kuleshov ezingeni elincane. Izinketho zengxoxo ezitholwa ngumdlali zinomongo wazo, zithonywa izici zomlingiswa wakhe. I-Kuleshov Effect akuyona nje umbono ngalesi sikhathi - umdlali angakwazi ukwenza okuthile kuwo.
Source: www.habr.com