Ukusuka ekwelapheni ukudangala kuye ekwehliseni imiphumela yesifo sikaParkinson kanye nokuvusa iziguli ezisesimweni sokumila, ukuvuselela ubuchopho bukagesi kunamandla amakhulu. Ucwaningo olulodwa olusha luhlose ukuhlehlisa ukwehla kwengqondo ngokwenza ngcono inkumbulo namakhono okufunda. Ukuhlola okwenziwa abacwaningi base-Boston University kubonise indlela engahlanyisi engabuyisela inkumbulo esebenzayo kubantu abadala asebekhulile abaneminyaka engu-70 kuze kube yilapho yayiyinhle njengaleyo yabantu abaneminyaka engu-20.
Izifundo eziningi zokuvuselela ubuchopho zisebenzisa ama-electrode afakwe ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho ukuze alethe amandla kagesi. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "okujulile" noma "okuqondile" ukuvuselela ubuchopho futhi kunezinzuzo zako ngenxa yokuma okunembile komphumela. Noma kunjalo, ukwethulwa kwama-electrode ebuchosheni akwenzeki neze, futhi kumane kuhlotshaniswe nezingozi ezithile zokuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka uma zonke izindinganiso zokusebenza zingalandelwa.
Okunye ukuvuselela okungaqondile kusetshenziswa indlela engahlaseli (okungahlinzeki) ngama-electrode atholakala esikhunjeni sekhanda, okuvumela ukukhwabanisa okunjalo ngisho nasekhaya. Lena indlela uRob Reinhart, isazi sezinzwa eYunivesithi yaseBoston, anquma ukuyisebenzisa ngomzamo wokuthuthukisa inkumbulo yabantu asebekhulile, evame ukuba buthaka njengoba iminyaka yobudala.
Ikakhulukazi, ukuhlola kwakhe kugxile ngokuphelele kwinkumbulo yokusebenza, okuwuhlobo lwenkumbulo olusebenza lapho, ngokwesibonelo, sikhumbula ukuthi sithenge ini esitolo segilosa noma sizame ukuthola okhiye bethu bemoto. Ngokuka-Reinhart, inkumbulo esebenzayo ingaqala ukwehla lapho ineminyaka engama-30 njengoba izingxenye ezihlukene zobuchopho ziqala ukulahlekelwa ukuxhumana kwazo futhi zingahlangani. Lapho sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-60 noma engu-70 ubudala, lokhu kuguquguquka kungaholela ekwehleni okuphawulekayo kokusebenza kwengqondo.
Usosayensi uthole indlela yokubuyisela ukuxhumana okulimele kwemizwa. Indlela isekelwe ezintweni ezimbili zokusebenza kobuchopho. Esokuqala βsiwukuhlanganisa,β lapho izingxenye ezihlukene zobuchopho zenziwa zisebenze ngokulandelana okuthile, njenge-orchestra ecushwe kahle. Okwesibili βukuvumelanisa,β lapho isigqi esinensa eyaziwa ngokuthi izigqi ze-theta futhi esihlotshaniswa ne-hippocampus sivumelaniswa kahle. Yomibili le misebenzi iyehla ngokukhula futhi ithinte ukusebenza kwenkumbulo.
Ngokuhlolwa kwakhe, u-Reinhart waqasha iqembu labantu abadala abaseminyakeni yama-20, kanye neqembu labantu abadala asebekhulile eminyakeni yabo yama-60 nama-70s. Iqembu ngalinye kwakudingeka liqedele uchungechunge lwemisebenzi ethile ehilela ukubuka isithombe, ukumisa isikhashana, ukubuka isithombe sesibili, bese sisebenzisa inkumbulo ukukhomba umehluko kuzo.
Akumangalisi ukuthi iqembu elincane lokuhlola lenze kangcono kakhulu kunelikhulile. Kepha u-Reinhart wabe esesebenzisa imizuzu engama-25 yokuvuselela okuthambile ku-cerebral cortex yabantu abadala asebekhulile, nama-pulses ashuniswe ku-neural circuitry yesiguli ngasinye ukuze afane nendawo ye-cortex ebhekele inkumbulo yokusebenza. Ngemuva kwalokhu, amaqembu aqhubeka nokuqedela imisebenzi, futhi igebe ekunembeni komsebenzi phakathi kwawo lanyamalala. Umphumela uhlale okungenani imizuzu engu-50 ngemva kokuvuselela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Reinhart wathola ukuthi wakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenkumbulo ngisho nakubantu abasha abangasebenzi kahle emisebenzini.
βSithole ukuthi izifundo ezineminyaka engu-20 ebezinobunzima bokuqeda le misebenzi nazo zikwazile ukuzuza ngokukhuthazwa okufanayo,β kusho uReinhart. βSikwazile ukuthuthukisa inkumbulo yabo yokusebenza ngisho noma bengakadluli iminyaka engu-60 noma engu-70 ubudala.β
U-Reinhart unethemba lokuqhubeka nokutadisha ukuthi ukushukunyiswa kobuchopho kungathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kobuchopho bomuntu, ikakhulukazi kulabo abaphethwe isifo i-Alzheimer's.
Uthi: βLokhu kuvula amathuba amasha okucwaninga nokwelashwa. "Futhi sijabule kakhulu ngalokho."
Ucwaningo lwanyatheliswa kumagazini i-Nature Neuroscience.
Source: 3dnews.ru