Ngihlale ngigcizelela ukuthi izazi zezilimi ezinekhono kakhulu zingabahleli bohlelo. Lokhu kungenxa yendlela yabo yokucabanga, noma, uma uthanda, ngokuguqulwa okuthile kochwepheshe.
Ukwengeza esihlokweni, ngizokunikeza izindaba ezimbalwa ezivela empilweni yami. Lapho kunokuntuleka e-USSR, futhi umyeni wami esengumfanyana, abazali bakhe bathola isoseji endaweni ethile futhi bakhonza etafuleni ngeholide. Izihambeli zahamba, umfana wabheka isoseji elalisele phezu kwetafula, walisika laba yindilinga ehlanzekile, wabuza ukuthi lisadingeka yini. "Ithahe!" - abazali bavunyelwe. Nokho, wayithatha, wangena egcekeni, futhi ngosizo lwesoseji waqala ukufundisa amakati omakhelwane ukuhamba ngemilenze yawo yangemuva. Umama nobaba babona futhi bathukuthela ngokuchithwa komkhiqizo oyivelakancane. Kodwa umfana wayedidekile futhi waze wacasuka. Phela akazange ayintshontshe ngeqili, kodwa wabuza ngobuqotho ukuthi ngabe usalidinga yini isoseji...
Akushiwo ukuthi lo mfana waba ngumhleli wezinhlelo lapho ekhula.
Lapho esekhulile, uchwepheshe we-IT useqongelele izindaba eziningi ezinjalo ezihlekisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngolunye usuku ngacela umyeni wami ukuba athenge inkukhu. Enkulu futhi emhlophe ngombala ukuze inyoni ibe. Waletha ekhaya idada elikhulukazi elimhlophe... Ngabuza ukuthi, okungenani ngokusekelwe entengo (idada libiza kakhulu), akazange azibuze ukuthi uthenga inyoni efanele yini? Impendulo kimi yayiwukuthi: “Hhayi-ke, awushongo lutho ngentengo. Wathi inyoni inkulu futhi imhlophe. Ngakhetha inyoni enkulu nemhlophe kunazo zonke ehlutshiwe kulo lonke uhlobo! Uqedile umsebenzi.” Ngaphefumulela phezulu, ngathula ngibonga uzulu ukuthi kwakungela turkey esitolo ngalelolanga. Ngokuvamile, saba nedada ngesidlo sakusihlwa.
Nokho, nezinye izimo eziningi lapho umuntu ongazimisele angase asole ukunyathela kanzima futhi acasuke. Sihamba ogwini oluseningizimu olujabulisayo, ngithi ngephupho: “O, ngifuna okuthile okumnandi ngempela...” Yena, eqalaza, uyabuza ngokucophelela: “Ingabe ufuna ngikha izithelo ze-cactus?”
Ngathuka, ngibuza ukuthi ngabe kwenzeke ngephutha yini ukuthi angiyise endaweni yokudlela ethokomele enamakhekhe, isibonelo. Umyeni wami waphendula ngokuthi akaboni i-cafe endaweni, kodwa izithelo ze-pearly prickly azibona emahlathini e-cactus zazinambitheka kakhulu futhi zingasenelisa kahle isicelo sami. Okunengqondo.
Uphatheke kabi? Wanga futhi uxolele? Ukuhleka?
Lesi sici sokucabanga kochwepheshe, kwesinye isikhathi esivusa ukungezwani empilweni yansuku zonke, singasetshenziswa ochwepheshe be-IT emsebenzini onzima wokufunda isiNgisi.
Indlela yokucabanga eboniswe ngenhla (ngingeyena isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, ngingazama ukuyichaza ngokwemibandela njengehlelekile-okunengqondo),
a) ihambisana nezimiso ezithile zokungazi lutho komuntu;
b) ihambisana kahle nezici ezithile zohlelo lolimi lwesiNgisi.
Izici zombono ongaphansi kwesicelo
I-Psychology ikholelwa ukuthi i-subconscious yomuntu iqonda yonke into ngokoqobo futhi ayinawo umuzwa wokuhlekisa. Njengekhompyutha, uchwepheshe we-IT achitha kuyo isikhathi esiningi “exhumana” kunabantu. Ngezwa isingathekiso kwesinye isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo: “I-subconscious ingumdondoshiya ongenamehlo, ongenawo amancoko, futhi othatha yonke into ingokoqobo. Futhi ukwazi uyisigebengu esibonayo esihlala entanyeni yomdondoshiya futhi usilawule.”
Yimuphi umyalo ofundwa i-subconscious enkulu lapho ukwazi kweLilliputian kuthi: "Ngidinga ukufunda isiNgisi"? Umqondo ophansi wamukela i-REQUEST: "funda isiNgisi." “Isiqhwaga” esinomqondo olula siqala ukusebenza ngokuzikhandla ukuze sikhiphe umyalo, sikhiphe IMPENDULO: inqubo yokufunda. Uzofunda ukuthi ngesiNgisi kukhona i-gerund, kukhona isenzo sokuba, kukhona izwi elisebenzayo, kunezwi lokwenziwa, kunezinhlobo zenkathi, kukhona into eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nesimo sokuzithoba, kukhona ukuhlukana kwangempela. , kukhona ama-syntagma, njll.
Ingabe ulufundile ulimi? Yebo. "I-Giant" iqedile umsebenzi wayo - ufunde ngokwethembeka ulimi. Ingabe ususazi kahle isiNgisi ngokusebenza? Nakancane. I-subconscious ayizange ithole isicelo sokuphatha kahle.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokufunda nokuba yinkosi?
Ukutadisha kuwukuhlaziya, ukuhlukanisa konke kube izingxenye. Ubuciko buwukuhlanganisa, ukuhlanganisa izingxenye zibe yingqikithi. Izindlela, ukukhuluma ngokungananazi, ziphambene. Izindlela zokufunda nokufunda okusebenzayo zihlukile.
Uma umgomo omkhulu uwukufunda ukusebenzisa ulimi njengethuluzi, khona-ke umsebenzi kufanele ubhalwe ngokwezwi nezwi: “Ngidinga ukufunda isiNgisi kahle.” Kuzoncipha ukudumala.
Njengesicelo, impendulo injalo
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ulimi lwesiNgisi lubonakala ngokusemthethweni okuthile. Isibonelo, umbuzo obuzwe awukwazi ukuphendulwa ngesiNgisi nganoma iyiphi indlela othanda ngayo. Ungaphendula kuphela ngendlela onikezwe ngayo. Ngakho, embuzweni othi "Ingabe uke wadla ikhekhe?" ingaphendulwa kuphela ngendlela efanayo yohlelo lolimi ngokuthi: “Yebo, nginayo/Cha, angikaze.” Cha "yenza" noma "am". Ngokufanayo, ethi “Ulidlile ikhekhe?” Impendulo efanele izoba “Yebo, ngenze / Cha, angizange.”, futhi cha “benginayo” noma “bengikhona”. Uthini umbuzo, impendulo.
Izikhulumi zesiRashiya zivame ukudideka uma ngesiNgisi, ukuze uvumele okuthile, kufanele uphendule kabi, futhi ukuze unqabele okuthile, kufanele uphendule kahle. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Uyakukhathalela ukubhema kwami? - Yebo nginazo. — (Wenqabela ukubhema phambi kwakho.)
- Uyakukhathalela ukubhema kwami? - Cha, angifuni. - (Ungivumele ukuba ngibheme.)
Phela, imvelo yemvelo yokwazi ukukhuluma isiRashiya ukuphendula "yebo" lapho uvumela, futhi "cha" lapho uvimbela. Kungani kungenye indlela ngesiNgisi?
I-logic ehlelekile. Lapho siphendula umbuzo ngesiNgisi, asiphenduli kangako esimweni sangempela njengohlelo lolimi lomusho esiwuzwayo. Futhi ngohlelo lolimi umbuzo wethu uthi: “Unendaba na?” - "Ingabe uyaphikisa?" Ngokuvumelana nalokho, ukuphendula "Yebo, ngiyakwenza." - i-interlocutor, ephendula ku-logic yohlelo lolimi, ithi "Yebo, ngiyaphika," okungukuthi, iyakwenqabela, kodwa ayikuvumeli nhlobo isenzo, njengoba kungaba okunengqondo kumqondo wesimo. Njengombuzo, impendulo injalo.
Ukungqubuzana okufanayo phakathi komqondo wesimo nokuhlelwa kolimi kuvuswa izicelo ezinjengokuthi “Unga...?” Ungamangali uma uphendula eyakho:
- Ngicela, ungidlulisele usawoti?
iNgisi lizophendula: - Yebo, ngingakwazi.
... futhi ngomoya ophansi aqhubeke nokudla kwakhe ngaphandle kokudlulisela usawoti kuwe. Umbuze ukuthi angawudlulisa yini usawoti. Waphendula ngokuthi angakwazi. Awuzange umcele ukuthi akunike: “Unga...?” Izikhulumi zesiNgisi zomdabu zivame ukwenza amahlaya kanje. Mhlawumbe umsuka wamahlaya wesiNgisi odumile ulele ngokunembile ekuhlanganeni kokungqubuzana phakathi kwe-grammatical and situational logic... Njengamahlaya abahleli bezinhlelo, awucabangi?
Ngakho-ke, lapho uqala ukufunda isiNgisi kahle, kunengqondo ukucabanga kabusha amagama esicelo. Phela, uma sifika esikoleni sokushayela, sithi: “Ngidinga ukufunda ukushayela,” hhayi ukuthi “Ngidinga ukufunda imoto.”
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho esebenza nothisha, umfundi usebenzisana nesistimu yakhe yokucabanga. Uthisha ubuye abe nokungazi lutho, okuthi, njengabo bonke abantu, asebenze ngomgomo othi "isicelo-impendulo". Uma uthisha engenakho okuhlangenwe nakho kangangokuthi "ahumushe" isicelo somfundi olimini lwezidingo zakhe zangempela, ukwazi kancane kukathisha kungase futhi kubone isicelo somfundi njengesicelo sokufunda, hhayi ukuphumelela. Futhi uthisha uzophendula ngentshiseko futhi anelise isicelo, kodwa ulwazi olunikezwayo lokufunda ngeke lube ukugcwaliseka kwesidingo sangempela somfundi.
“Yesaba izifiso zakho” (C)? Ingabe ufuna uthisha we-telepathic ongahumushela izicelo zakho olimini lwezidingo zakho zangempela? Sicela wenze 'isicelo' ngendlela efanele? Dwebela okudingekayo. Ngendlela efanele yebhizinisi, ngabahleli bohlelo okufanele bakhulume isiNgisi kangcono kunabo bonke, ngenxa yezimpawu ezihlukile zombono wabo womhlaba nangenxa yezici zolimi lwesiNgisi kanjalo. Isihluthulelo sempumelelo yindlela efanele.
Source: www.habr.com