I-Google isimemezele ukutholwa kwentuthuko ehlobene nephrojekthi ye-KataOS, okuhloswe ngayo ukudala uhlelo oluphephile lokusebenza lwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezishumekiwe. Izingxenye zesistimu ye-KataOS zibhalwe nge-Rust futhi zisebenza phezu kwe-microkernel ye-seL4, okunikezwe ngayo ubufakazi bezibalo bokwethembeka ezinhlelweni ze-RISC-V, okubonisa ukuthi ikhodi ithobelana ngokugcwele nezicaciso ezicaciswe olimini olusemthethweni. Ikhodi yephrojekthi ivuliwe ngaphansi kwelayisensi ye-Apache 2.0.
Uhlelo luhlinzeka ngosekelo lwamapulatifomu asekelwe ku-RISC-V kanye ne-ARM64 yezakhiwo. Ukulingisa ukusebenza kwe-seL4 kanye nemvelo ye-KataOS phezu kwehadiwe, uhlaka lwe-Renode lusetshenziswa phakathi nenqubo yokuthuthukisa. Njengokusetshenziswa kwereferensi, kuhlongozwa isofthiwe ye-Sparrow ne-hardware complex, kuhlanganiswe i-KataOS nama-chips avikelekile asekelwe kuplathifomu ye-OpenTitan. Isixazululo esihlongozwayo sikuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise i-kernel yesistimu yokusebenza eqinisekisiwe ngokunengqondo nezingxenye zehadiwe ezithembekile (i-RoT, Umsuka Wokuthenjwa), eyakhiwe kusetshenziswa iplatifomu ye-OpenTitan kanye ne-RISC-V yezakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwekhodi ye-KataOS, kuhlelwe ukuvula zonke ezinye izingxenye ze-Sparrow, kuhlanganise nengxenye yehadiwe, esikhathini esizayo.
Inkundla ithuthukiswa ngeso lokusebenzisa ama-chips akhethekile aklanyelwe ukusebenzisa izicelo zokufunda ngomshini nokucubungula ulwazi oluyimfihlo, oludinga izinga elikhethekile lokuvikela kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokungabikho kokwehluleka. Izibonelo zalezo zinhlelo zifaka amasistimu akhohlisa izithombe zabantu nokuqoshwa kwezwi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-KataOS kokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kuqinisekisa ukuthi uma ingxenye eyodwa yesistimu ihluleka, ukwehluleka ngeke kusabalale kulo lonke uhlelo futhi, ikakhulukazi, ku-kernel nezingxenye ezibalulekile.
Isakhiwo se-seL4 siyaphawuleka ngokuhambisa izingxenye zokuphatha izinsiza ze-kernel endaweni yomsebenzisi nokusebenzisa amathuluzi okulawula ukufinyelela afanayo ezinsizeni ezifana nezisetshenziswa zomsebenzisi. I-microkernel ayihlinzeki ngezifinyezo esezilungile ezenziwe ngezinga eliphezulu zokuphatha amafayela, izinqubo, uxhumo lwenethiwekhi, nokunye okunjalo; esikhundleni salokho, inikeza izindlela ezincane kuphela zokulawula ukufinyelela endaweni yekheli lendawo, iziphazamiso, nezinsiza zokucubungula. Izifinyezo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezishayeli zokusebenzelana nehadiwe zisetshenziswa ngokuhlukene phezu kwe-microkernel ngendlela yemisebenzi yezinga lomsebenzisi. Ukufinyelela kwemisebenzi enjalo ezinsizeni ezitholakala ku-microkernel kuhlelwa ngencazelo yemithetho.
Ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe, zonke izingxenye ngaphandle kwe-microkernel zithuthukiswa ngokomdabu ku-Rust kusetshenziswa amasu okuhlela aphephile anciphisa amaphutha enkumbulo aholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokufinyelela inkumbulo ngemva kokukhulula, izinkomba ezingenalutho, kanye nokudlulela kwebhafa. Isilayishi sohlelo lokusebenza endaweni ye-seL4, izinsizakalo zesistimu, uhlaka lokuthuthukiswa kwesicelo, i-API yokufinyelela amakholi wesistimu, umphathi wenqubo, indlela yokwabiwa kwememori eguquguqukayo, njll. zabhalwa ku-Rust. Umhlangano oqinisekisiwe usebenzisa ikhithi yamathuluzi ye-CAmkES, ethuthukiswe iphrojekthi ye-seL4. Izingxenye ze-CAmkES zingaphinda zidalwe kokuthi Rust.
Ukugqwala kuphoqelela ukuphepha kwenkumbulo ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa ngokuhlolwa kwereferensi, ubunikazi bento kanye nokulandelela impilo yonke yento (izikophu), kanye nokuhlola ukulunga kokufinyelela kwenkumbulo ngesikhathi sokusebenza. I-Rust iphinde inikeze isivikelo ekuchichimeni okuphelele, idinga amanani aguquguqukayo ukuthi aqaliswe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, isebenzisa umqondo wezithenjwa ezingaguquleki nokuguquguqukayo ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi inikeza ukuthayipha okuqinile okuqinile ukuze kuncishiswe amaphutha anengqondo.
Source: opennet.ru