Engqungqutheleni ye-Linux Plumbers 2021, i-Google ikhulume ngempumelelo yesinyathelo sayo sokuguqula inkundla ye-Android ukuze isebenzise i-Linux kernel evamile esikhundleni sokusebenzisa inguqulo yayo ye-kernel, ehlanganisa izinguquko ezithize ku-Android platform.
Ushintsho olubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwaba yisinqumo sokushintshela kumodeli we- “Upstream First” ngemva kuka-2023, okusho ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izici ezintsha ze-kernel ezidingekayo endaweni yesikhulumi se-Android ngqo ku-Linux kernel eyinhloko, hhayi emagatsheni abo ahlukene ( ukusebenza kuzothuthukiswa kuqala kube kweyinhloko). i-kernel, bese isetshenziswa ku-Android, hhayi okuphambene). Ukudluliselwa kwawo wonke amapeshi angeziwe asele egatsheni le-Android Common Kernel kuya ku-kernel eyinhloko nakho kuhlelelwe u-2023 no-2024.
Ngokuqondene nekusasa eliseduze, kungxenyekazi ye-Android 12 elindeleke ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, kuzonikezwa imihlangano ye-kernel ye-“Generic Kernel Image” (GKI), eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ne-5.10 kernel evamile. Kulezi zakhiwo, kuzonikezwa ukukhishwa okuvamile kwezibuyekezo, okuzothunyelwa ku-ci.android.com repository. Ku-GKI kernel, izengezo eziqondene nenkundla ye-Android, kanye nezibambi ezihlobene nokusekelwa kwehadiwe ezivela kuma-OEM, zibekwe kumamojula ahlukene e-kernel. Lawa mamojula awaboshiwe enguqulweni ye-kernel eyinhloko futhi angathuthukiswa ngokuhlukana, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukugcinwa nokuguqulwa kwamadivayisi kumagatsha amasha e-kernel.
Izixhumanisi ezidingwa abakhiqizi bedivayisi zenziwa ngendlela yezingwegwe, ezikuvumela ukuthi uguqule ukuziphatha kwe-kernel ngaphandle kokwenza izinguquko kukhodi. Sekukonke, i-android12-5.10 kernel inikeza amahhuku avamile angu-194, afana nama-tracepoints, namahhuku ayisipesheli angu-107 akuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izibambi kumongo ongewona we-athomu. Ku-kernel ye-GKI, abakhiqizi be-hardware banqatshelwe ukusebenzisa ama-patches athile ku-kernel eyinhloko, futhi izingxenye zokusekelwa kwe-hardware kufanele zinikezwe abathengisi kuphela ngendlela yamamojula e-kernel engeziwe, okumele aqinisekise ukuhambisana ne-kernel eyinhloko.
Masikhumbule ukuthi inkundla ye-Android ithuthukisa igatsha layo le-kernel - i-Android Common Kernel, ngesisekelo lapho kwakhiwa khona imihlangano ethile ehlukene kudivayisi ngayinye. Igatsha ngalinye le-Android linikeza abakhiqizi izinketho ezimbalwa zokwakheka kwe-kernel kumadivayisi wabo. Isibonelo, i-Android 11 inikeze ukukhetha kwezinhlamvu ezintathu eziyisisekelo - 4.14, 4.19 kanye no-5.4, futhi i-Android 12 izohlinzeka ngama-kernel ayisisekelo 4.19, 5.4 kanye no-5.10. I-Option 5.10 yakhelwe njenge-Generic Kernel Image, lapho amandla adingekayo kuma-OEMs adluliselwa phezulu, abekwe kumamojula noma adluliselwe ku-Android Common Kernel.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwe-GKI, i-kernel ye-Android yadlula ezigabeni ezimbalwa zokulungiselela:
- Ngokusekelwe kuma-LTS kernels amakhulu (3.18, 4.4, 4.9, 4.14, 4.19, 5.4), igatsha le-"Android Common Kernel" lakhiwe, lapho amapheshana aqondene ne-Android adluliselwa khona (ngaphambilini ubukhulu bezinguquko bufinyelele emigqeni eyizigidi ezimbalwa. ).
- Ngokusekelwe ku- "Android Common Kernel", abenzi bama-chip abafana ne-Qualcomm, i-Samsung ne-MediaTek bakha i-"SoC Kernel" ehlanganisa izengezo zokusekela ihadiwe.
- Ngokusekelwe ku-SoC Kernel, abakhiqizi bedivayisi badale i-Device Kernel, ehlanganisa izinguquko ezihlobene nokusekelwa kwemishini eyengeziwe, izikrini, amakhamera, amasistimu omsindo, njll.
Le ndlela yokwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuqaliswa kwezibuyekezo ukuze kuqedwe ubungozi kanye nokushintshela kumagatsha amasha e-kernel. Nakuba i-Google ivame ukukhipha izibuyekezo kuma-kernel ayo e-Android (i-Android Common Kernel), abathengisi bavame ukunensa ukuletha lezi zibuyekezo noma ngokuvamile basebenzise i-kernel efanayo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokuphila wedivayisi.
Source: opennet.ru