I-Intel ithuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-firmware entsha, i-Universal Scalable Firmware (USF), okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza lula ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izingxenye zesitaki sesoftware ye-firmware yezigaba ezahlukahlukene zamadivayisi, ukusuka kumaseva kuye kumasistimu aku-chip (SoC). I-USF inikeza izendlalelo zokuthatha ezikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise i-logic yezinga eliphansi lezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha ezingxenyeni zeplathifomu ezibhekele ukucushwa, izibuyekezo ze-firmware, ukuphepha, kanye nokuqalisa isistimu yokusebenza. Ukucaciswa okusalungiswa kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinto ezijwayelekile zokwakheka kwe-USF kuthunyelwa ku-GitHub.
I-USF inesakhiwo esiyimojuli esingaboshelwe ezixazululweni ezithile futhi ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwamaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene akhona asebenzisa ukuqaliswa kwehadiwe nezigaba zokuqalisa, njengesitaki se-TianoCore EDK2 UEFI, i-minimalistic Slim Bootloader firmware, i-U-Boot bootloader kanye Ipulatifomu ye-CoreBoot. Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-UEFI, isendlalelo se-LinuxBoot (sokulayisha ngokuqondile i-Linux kernel), i-VaultBoot (i-boot eqinisekisiwe) kanye ne-ACRN hypervisor zingasetshenziswa njengendawo yokulayisha okukhokhelwayo okusetshenziselwa ukucinga isilayishi sokuqalisa nokudlulisa ukulawula ohlelweni lokusebenza. Ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kunikezwa kumasistimu okusebenza afana ne-ACPI, i-UEFI, i-Kexec ne-Multi-boot.
I-USF ihlinzeka ngesendlalelo sokusekela sezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezihlukene (i-FSP, Iphakheji Yokusekela I-Firmware), esebenzisana nongqimba lwe-orchestration lweplathifomu yendawo yonke futhi olwenziwa ngokwezifiso (POL, I-Platform Orchestration Layer) nge-API evamile. Imisebenzi efingqiwe ye-FSP njengokusetha kabusha kwe-CPU, ukuqaliswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha, ukusebenza ne-SMM (Imodi Yokulawulwa Kwesistimu), ukuqinisekiswa nokuqinisekisa ezingeni le-SoC. Isendlalelo se-orchestration senza kube lula ukudalwa kwezixhumi ezibonakalayo ze-ACPI, sisekela imitapo yolwazi ye-bootloader ejwayelekile, ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ulimi lwe-Rust ukuze udale izingxenye ze-firmware ezivikelekile, futhi unikeza ikhono lokuchaza ukumisa usebenzisa ulimi lomaka lwe-YAML. Izinga le-POL liphinde liphathe ukufakazela, ukufakazela ubuqiniso, nokufakwa okuvikelekile kwezibuyekezo.
Kulindeleke ukuthi i-architecture entsha izovumela:
- Yehlisa inkimbinkimbi nezindleko zokuthuthukisa i-firmware yamadivayisi amasha ngokusebenzisa kabusha ikhodi yezingxenye ezijwayelekile esezilungile, ukwakheka kwemodular okungaboshelwe kuma-bootloader athile, kanye nekhono lokusebenzisa i-API yendawo yonke ukulungisa amamojula.
- Khulisa ikhwalithi nokuvikeleka kwe-firmware ngokusebenzisa amamojula angaqinisekiswa okusebenzelana nemishini nengqalasizinda evikeleke kakhulu yokuqinisekisa nokuqinisekisa i-firmware.
- Sebenzisa ama-loader ahlukene kanye nezingxenye zokulayisha, kuye ngemisebenzi exazululwayo.
- Sheshisa intuthuko yobuchwepheshe obusha futhi unciphise umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa - abathuthukisi bangagxila kuphela ekwengezeni ukusebenza okuthile, ngaphandle kwalokho besebenzisa izingxenye esezilungile, ezifakazelwe.
- Isikali sokuthuthukiswa kwe-firmware yezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zekhompiyutha ezixubile (ama-XPU), isibonelo, okuhlanganisa, ngaphezu kwe-CPU, i-accelerator ehlanganisiwe ye-discrete graphics (dPGU) kanye namadivayisi enethiwekhi ahlelekayo ukusheshisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ezikhungweni zedatha ezisekela ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zamafu ( IPU, Iyunithi Yokucubungula Ingqalasizinda).
Source: opennet.ru