Izitayela ezintsha emkhakheni wokushintshaniswa kwamanye amazwe ziphoqa izinkampani zaseRussia ukuthi zishintshele ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zasekhaya. Enye yezinhlelo ezinjalo yi-Russian OS esekelwe ku-Debian - Astra Linux. Emkhakheni wokuthengwa kwempahla yomphakathi, kunezidingo ezikhulayo zokusetshenziswa kwesofthiwe yasekhaya enezitifiketi ze-FSTEC, kanye nokufakwa kwayo kurejista yesofthiwe yasekhaya. Nakuba kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngokomthetho, ukuba nesitifiketi se-FSTEC akuphoqelekile.
Iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza zaseRussia zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kumodi "Yendawo Yokusebenzela", okungukuthi, empeleni, ziyi-analogue yezixazululo ze-x86 zezakhiwo zendawo yokusebenza yesisebenzi. Sinqume ukufaka i-Astra Linux OS ekwakhiweni kwe-ARM, ukuze sisebenzise i-OS eyenziwe ngesiRashiya emkhakheni wezimboni, okuyikhompuyutha eshumekiwe ye-AntexGate (ngeke sihlole izinzuzo ze-architecture ye-ARM ngaphezu kwe-x86 manje).
Kungani sikhethe i-Astra Linux OS?
- Banokusabalalisa okukhethekile kwezakhiwo ze-ARM;
- Sithande ukuthi basebenzise ideskithophu yesitayela se-Windows, kubantu abajwayele i-Windows OS lokhu kuyinzuzo ebalulekile lapho beshintshela ku-Linux OS;
- I-Astra Linux isivele isetshenziswa ezinkampanini zikahulumeni kanye nakuMnyango Wezokuvikela, okusho ukuthi iphrojekthi izoqhubeka futhi ngeke iphele maduze nje.
Kungani Sikhethe I-PC Eshumekiwe Ye-ARM Architecture?
- ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa okuphansi (amadivaysi e-ARM architecture adla amandla amancane futhi ashise kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenza);
- usayizi omncane kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuhlanganiswa (inani elikhulu lezingxenye libekwe ku-chip eyodwa, okwenza kube lula ukuklama kwamabhodi omama futhi kuqede isidingo sokuthenga inani elikhulu lezingxenye ezengeziwe);
- ukungaphelelwa yisikhathi kwemiyalo nemiyalo (izakhiwo ze-ARM zinikeza inani lemiyalo edingekayo ekusebenzeni)
- Amathrendi e-Russian Federation emkhakheni we-Intanethi yezinto (ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bamafu, izidingo zamakhompiyutha okuphela ziyancishiswa, isidingo sokusebenzisa ama-workstations anamandla siyaqedwa, izibalo ezengeziwe ziya efwini, zincane. amadivayisi amaklayenti anele).
Ilayisi. 1 - Izakhiwo ze-ARM
Izinketho zokusebenzisa ama-PC asekelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-ARM
- "iklayenti elincanyana";
- "indawo yokusebenza";
- Isango le-IoT;
- i-PC ehlanganisiwe;
- idivayisi yokuqapha izimboni.
1. Ukuthola ukusatshalaliswa kwe-AstraLinux
Ukuze uthole ikhithi yokusabalalisa, kufanele ubhale incwadi yesicelo kunoma yimuphi uzakwethu ogunyaziwe osemthethweni we-NPO RusBiTech. Okulandelayo, uzodinga ukusayina isivumelwano sobumfihlo nokungadaluli kanye nesivumelwano sokubambisana kwezesayensi nobuchwepheshe (uma inkampani yakho iyisofthiwe noma umthuthukisi wehadiwe).
Ilayisi. 2 - Incazelo yokukhishwa kwe-AstraLinux
2. Ukufaka i-AstraLinux kudivayisi ye-AntexGate
Ngemuva kokuthola ukusatshalaliswa kwe-AstraLinux, udinga ukuyifaka kudivayisi eqondiwe (kithi, yi-PC eshumekiwe ye-AntexGate). Imiyalo esemthethweni isitshela ukuthi sisebenzise noma iyiphi i-Linux OS ukufaka i-AstraLinux kukhompyutha ye-ARM, kodwa sinqume ukuyizama ku-Windows OS. Ngakho-ke, masenze ukulandelana kwezenzo ezilandelayo:
1. Landa futhi ufake yesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows.
2. Xhuma idivayisi nge-Micro USB kukhompuyutha yakho.
3. Faka amandla kudivayisi, iWindows kufanele manje ithole i-hardware bese ifaka umshayeli.
4. Ngemva kokuqedwa kokufakwa komshayeli, sebenzisa uhlelo.
5. Ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, idrayivu ye-EMMC izovela ku-Windows njengedivayisi yokulondoloza inqwaba ye-USB.
6. Landa insiza ye-Win32DiskImager ekhasini bese ufaka uhlelo njengenjwayelo.
7. Yethula isofthiwe esanda kufakwa ye-Win32DiskImager.
8. Khetha ifayela lesithombe se-AstraLinux olithole ngaphambilini.
9. Emkhakheni wedivayisi, khetha incwadi yokushayela yekhadi le-EMMC. Qaphela: uma ukhetha idrayivu engalungile, ungacekela phansi idatha ku-hard drive yekhompyutha yakho!
10. Chofoza okuthi “Rekhoda” bese ulinda kuze kuqedwe ukurekhoda.
11. Qalisa kabusha idivayisi yakho.
Ukuqalisa kabusha idivayisi kufanele kubangele ukuthi idivayisi iqalise isithombe sesistimu yokusebenza ye-AstraLinux ku-EMMC.
3. Ukusebenzisa i-Astra Linux
Ngemuva kokuthi idivayisi iqale, kuzovela isikrini sokugunyaza. Emkhakheni wokungena faka "admin", igama eliyimfihlo libuye libe igama elithi "admin". Ngemva kokugunyazwa ngempumelelo, ideskithophu izovela (Fig. 3).
Ilayisi. 3 - Ideskithophu ye-AstraLinux
Into yokuqala ebamba iso lakho ukuthi ideskithophu ibukeka njenge-Windows ngempela, zonke izici nezingxoxo ziqanjwe ngendlela evamile (“Iphaneli Yokulawula”, “Ideskithophu”, “I-Explorer”, “Ikhompyutha Yami” kudeskithophu). Okubalulekile ukuthi ngisho neSolitaire neMinesweeper zifakiwe ku-Astra Linux!
Ilayisi. 4 - "Ihhovisi" ithebhu kumenyu yokuqala ye-AstraLinux
Ilayisi. 5 - Ithebhu yenethiwekhi kumenyu yokuqala ye-AstraLinux
Ilayisi. 6 - "Isistimu" kumenyu yokuqala ye-AstraLinux
Ilayisi. 7 - Iphaneli yokulawula ye-AstraLinux
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa njengezixazululo ezishumekiwe kukhona ukufinyelela nge-SSH, ngekhonsoli ye-Linux, futhi kungenzeka futhi ukufaka amaphakheji akho owathandayo e-Debian (nginx, apache, njll.). Ngakho-ke, kubasebenzisi bangaphambili be-Windows kukhona ideskithophu ejwayelekile, futhi kubasebenzisi be-Linux abanolwazi kanye nezixazululo ezishumekiwe kukhona ikhonsoli.
Ilayisi. 8 - Ikhonsoli ye-AstraLinux
Ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-AstraLinux
1. Ngamadivayisi anokusebenza okuphansi kwehadiwe, sincoma ukusebenzisa imonitha enokulungiswa okuphansi, noma ukwehlisa mathupha ukulungiswa kufayela. /boot/config.txt kuze kufike ku-1280x720.
2. Futhi sincoma ukufaka insiza ukuze ulawule ngokuzenzakalelayo imvamisa yephrosesa:
sudo apt-get install cpufrequtilsSiyalungisa /boot/config.txt incazelo elandelayo:
force_turbo=13. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, izinqolobane ezijwayelekile zivaliwe ohlelweni. Ukuze uzinike amandla udinga ukukhulula imigqa emithathu efayeleni elilandelayo cd/etc/apt/nano sources.list
Ilayisi. 9 - Ukunika amandla amaqoqo ajwayelekile
Source: www.habr.com