Sawubona, Habr! Sekunesikhathi eside ngikufunda, kodwa angikafiki ekubhaleni okuthile okwami. Njengenjwayelo - ekhaya, emsebenzini, izindaba zomuntu siqu, lapha nalaphaya - futhi manje uphinde wahlehlisa ukubhala lesi sihloko kuze kube izikhathi ezingcono. Muva nje, kukhona okushintshile futhi ngizokutshela ukuthi yini eyangishukumisela ukuba ngichaze ingxenye encane yempilo yami mayelana nokuba umthuthukisi onezibonelo, ezingase zibe usizo kwabaqalayo, abangabazayo kanye nabafana abangazikholelwa ngokusobala. Hamba!
Ngizoqala kude - ngiseyingane, abazali bami banginika inqwaba yama-encyclopedia nezincwadi - kuzo zonke izikhathi. Noma yisiphi isizathu sokupha isipho siyincwadi. Khona-ke, vele, angizange ngibabonge, kodwa ngimane ngikuthathe kalula. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngikhuluma nabanye abantu, ngenza isiphetho esiyinqaba: abaningi babengazi engikwaziyo, abezwanga noma yimaphi amagama, imiqondo, imiqondo, abazange bafunde ababhali futhi abazange babukele amafilimu. Ngaleso sikhathi kwafika ukuqonda: nakhu, UNYAZI. Sekuyisikhathi eside ngingazi ukuthi ngingakusebenzisa kuphi konke lokhu, ngoba ukuxhumana nje nabantu akukhokhisi nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi umsebenzi wokuxoxa izindaba ezithakazelisayo wawungekho ngaleso sikhathi (manje kunabanye ababhulogi. , YouTube, TED-ED, njll.). Ngifunde isiNgisi isikhathi eside futhi kanzima, ngoba... "Kwakuthembisa futhi kuzoba usizo esikhathini esizayo" - ngaleso sikhathi, yiqiniso, kwakungekho ukuzethemba emsebenzini wami wesikhathi esizayo, ngakho-ke ngokuthi "Angifuni" bangiqhubela ezifundweni ngokuphindaphindiwe. Manje, yiqiniso, ngibonga kakhulu ngokuthi angizange ngigxume ngaleso sikhathi futhi ngakwazi ukuthola isisekelo esihle, okuyinto, eqinisweni, eyadlala indima ebalulekile ekukhetheni umsebenzi wami wesikhathi esizayo.
Angiyena umuntu olula, kodwa "ingxubevange": nginamakhono athambile athuthukile nothando lokuhlela imisebenzi yabantu, ngesikhathi esifanayo, nginentshisekelo ku-physics, chemistry, izimo zomnotho, isayensi yekhompiyutha kanye nezinto ezidumile zesayensi. Esikoleni ngaphumelela ngisho nezivivinyo ze-physics futhi ngangena enyuvesi yobuchwepheshe ngesabelomali! Ngemva kokufaka isicelo kumanyuvesi amaningana ngasikhathi sinye kumakhono aphikisana ne-diametrically, kuze kube umzuzu wokugcina ngangingaqiniseki ukuthi yini okufanele ngikhethe. Ngemva kokufaka isicelo sesabelomali, ukusayina wonke amaphepha nokuxoxa nomphathi, mina nobaba safika ekhaya futhi senza ibhizinisi lethu sinomuzwa wokufeza okuthile.
Nokho, lapho ngivuka ekuseni, ngamangala lapho ngiqaphela ukuthi umcabango ocasulayo nobuhlungu wawuzinzile ekhanda lami: βNgidinga ukuyo- pedagogical.β Yakheka kanjani lapho: ngokuzimela noma ngenxa yezinqubo zethunzi njengoMendeleev, lapho ehlela idatha ephusheni, ethola ulwazi lwethebula lezakhi zezikhathi? Ngeke ngazi, kodwa ngaya kubazali bami, ngabachazela inkinga, ngathola ukuhlolwa okunejusi kwezinqubo zami zokucabanga zamanje, isiqondiso sabo nokuthuthuka okujwayelekile, kodwa angizange ngihlehle.
Ekugcineni, safika enyuvesi, sathatha amaphepha (nakuba lokhu cishe kwakungekho emthethweni, njengoba ukubhaliswa kwase kudlulile) sahamba sayofaka isicelo kwenye inyuvesi. Ubaba wabe esenezinwele ezimfushane kakhulu, wayesanda kuhlinzwa amehlo futhi wakhipha izibuko zakhe, futhi ngokuvamile, wayebukeka "njengomzalwane ojwayelekile kusukela kuma-90s," naphezu kwemfundo ephakeme engu-2 kanye nesizinda sokufundisa. Yiqiniso, abakwazanga ukwenqaba umlingiswa onjalo onemibala. Kusukela lapho, angikaze ngizisole ngokuthi ngangena eFaculty of Foreign Languages.
Ukusebenza nezingane, ngabona izinto ezimbili:
- Ngiyithanda kakhulu, ngiyakwazi ukuxoxa indaba ethokozisayo, ngihlanganise imininingwane eqoqwe ezincwadini nama-encyclopedia endabeni futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ngithole imiphumela emkhakheni wokufundisa isiNgisi.
- Kunokuntuleka kwemali okuyinhlekelele, ngisho noma wenza itoho (izifundo zangasese + ikamu lezingane zolimi lwesizini yonke)
Ngenxa yalokho, ngemva kweminyaka eminingana ngisebenza njengothisha (isiNgisi, isiJalimane nesiSpanishi esincane), nganquma ukushiya umsebenzi, ngoba... wavele washa. Mhlawumbe, abaningi benu bajwayele lo muzwa: kubonakala sengathi umsebenzi uyafana, abantu abafanayo, umsebenzi, konke okukufanelayo izolo - kodwa umphefumulo umelana nazo zonke izinsuku zokusebenza, amaphutha ezingane abe yintukuthelo yangaphakathi, ukuthula okuhlale kukhona endaweni ethile ngaphakathi , kwaqala ukunyamalala futhi kwavela imicabango esabekayo mayelana nokubalekela endaweni ethile.
Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wami, ngicabangele ithuba lokushintsha umsebenzi wami ngiwubeke kokuthile okufanele, okungahlobene nokusebenza nabantu, ngenze cishe imizamo eyi-10 yokufunda ngokuzimela izilimi zokuhlela. I-C ++, i-C #, i-Delphi, i-Python, i-Pascal, i-Java - konke lokhu kwakuyinkimbinkimbi, kungaqondakali, kusabisa, kudla isikhathi futhi kungakhiqizi. Eqinisweni, angizange ngibe nogqozi olwanele: noma inkinga ka-2008-2009 noma izinkinga ngo-2014-2015 zashintsha isimo sami sengqondo ngomsebenzi. Futhi lapho ukutubeka ngokomzwelo kuqala, kwaba sobala ukuthi ngangingeke ngikwazi ukuqhubeka nokusebenza kanje, ngenxa yezingane, engangingafuni ukubalimaza.
Ngo-2018, ngathuthela eMoscow ngisuka eKrasnoyarsk nentombi yami, yathuthela enyuvesi yendawo, futhi ngathola umsebenzi esikoleni esizimele solimi lwangaphandle. Indawo entsha, iholo elihle, abantu abasha kanye nemizwa - konke lokhu kwangivumela ukuba ngiphefumule impilo kimi cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha, ngemva kwalokho izinkinga zakudala zabuya.
Isinqumo sokugcina sokushintsha ubungcweti savuthwa kimina, kwavezwa icebo, kwafundwa imakethe yemisebenzi kanye nezimfuneko zalabo ababefake izicelo, kwambiwa ukuthintana nabangane noma engibaziyo okungenani okuhlobene ne-IT okuhlobene ngandlela thize ne-IT, futhi ngabahlinza ubuchopho babo ngemibuzo yami ecophelelayo. . Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwaba kanje:
- Khetha okulula kakhulu, okushesha kakhulu ngokwemiphumela futhi kusukela ekuqaleni umugqa womsebenzi ongakhokhi kancane kunasendaweni yakho yangaphambilini. Kwaba yintuthuko ephambili. Zahlulele wena: ukwazi isiNgisi ezingeni le-C2, iningi lamakhodi lalingimele imiyalo yesiNgisi exutshwe ne-syntax eyayikhunjulwe kahle (eqhutshwa imicabango yesitayela esithi βlokhu noma awusebenzi nhloboβ). Umphumela ongaphambili ubonakala ngokushesha - leli yikhasi eliqediwe. Inkokhelo nayo ayimbi, kusukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-40 (ngokusho hh.ru). Umholo wami ngaleso sikhathi wawumayelana 60-65 + siqu imisebenzi yetoho ~ 20 ayizinkulungwane. Lokhu bekungenele, kodwa uma kufanele ulwe nawe ukuze nje uze emsebenzini, akukho mali ekwenza ujabule.
- Inkokhelo nohlelo lokusebenza: Ngangihlose ama-ruble angu-60+, ngakho ngaqala ukufunda uhlu lobuchwepheshe obuphambili obufanele: HTML, CSS, JavaScript (ES5-6), React. Lokhu kwengezwe ngamathuluzi akwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa nokusebenza ngekhodi ezigabeni ezihlukene: jQuery, Git, SASS, webpack, VS Code. Lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukucacisa uhlelo lokufunda konke lokhu kancane kancane, kanyekanye kusetshenziswa ulwazi ekudaleni amawebhusayithi, ukuqaqa nokusebenzisa izakhiwo ngekhodi, nokubonisana nabangane.
- Ukuzifundela: Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2019 kuya kuJuni 2019, ngifunde konke lokhu, ngifunda ngenkuthalo imibhalo, ngifunda i-StackOverFlow futhi ngifuna izimpendulo zemibuzo ewubulima kakhulu engavela. Kwakunzima kimi - ngezinye izikhathi ikhodi yayingafuni ukusebenza ngendlela engangicabanga ngayo. Kodwa angizange ngilahle ithemba - ukuhlaziywa kwesibonelo sekhodi + imibhalo ephakanyisiwe lapho ngenze iphutha, lokho engikufake okungalungile nalokho engingakuqedanga. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho ngangitusa khona abazali bami mihla namalanga ngokungiphoqa ukuba ngifunde isiNgisi ngiseyingane - phela zonke izincwadi ezifanele zazikuso.
I-HTML ne-CSS kube lula kakhulu kimi - cishe amaviki angu-2. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngahlanganisa isakhiwo sewebhusayithi yomklami othile ngisebenzisa i-HTML ne-CSS ehlanzekile futhi ngaqoqa zonke izinduku ezingase zibe khona, ngafunda inqwaba yezindlela zokwelapha futhi ngabona ukuthi ukubhala yonke le migqa mathupha kudla isikhathi ngendlela emangalisayo. Ngemva kwe-googling encane, ngokushesha ngahlangana ne-Bootstrap 4 futhi, ngemva kokujwayelana namakhono, ngaqala ukufunda imibhalo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zemanuwali yokubhema ngokucabangayo, ehlanganiswe nokubuka amavidiyo ahlukahlukene okuqeqesha ku-YouTube, ngaqala ukwakha iwebhusayithi yami esabela ngokuphelele, enezithombe, amakhadi kanye nemifanekiso. Lokhu kuthathe cishe amasonto ama-2, lapho ngathola khona i-jQuery njengethuluzi lokukhohlisa le-DOM.
Yiqiniso, kwakungeyona into engcono kakhulu, kodwa yonke into yayilula futhi iqondakala, futhi umphumela wawubalulekile kimi. Ngendlela, ngincoma ukuthi ngingalaleli abahleli bezinhlelo abapholile kulesi sigaba abahlinzeka ngokulungiswa kanye nentuthuko, kodwa umane ngithole icala elivame ukusetshenziswa lekhodi, ukubuka izibonelo nokumane ukopishe isitayela. Umsebenzi osesigabeni sokuqala munye: inqobo nje uma usebenza. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ungacabanga ngakho konke okunye, futhi lapho usebenza enkampanini, bazokuchazela futhi bakubonise izindinganiso zendawo ozodinga ukuzilandela.
Into enzima kakhulu yaqala esigabeni sokufunda iJavaScript ehlanzekile - kwavela umbuzo onzima kakhulu ekhanda lami: kungani ngifunda lokhu uma i-jQuery ilula? Ngiye ku-Google ukuze ngithole impendulo: kwavela ukuthi i-jQuery izoya komunye umhlaba maduze, ngaphandle kwekhodi yefa, futhi bonke abahleli bezinhlelo beqiniso basebenzisa i-JS, ngoba izinhlaka ziyafika ziphinde zihambe, kodwa i-JS ehlanzekile isabalulekile. Sifuna ukuthola umsebenzi futhi siwenze isikhathi eside, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke ngaqala ukubuka amavidiyo, ngizama ukubhala ikhodi nemisebenzi kumasayithi okufundisa, nokubhala kabusha amaphrojekthi wami wangaphambilini. Ngokwemvelo, ekuqaleni kwavela kancane kunalutho, kodwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngangingasacabangi ngokubhala zonke izinhlobo zemisebenzi yomcibisholo (okuvele kwaba lula kunejwayelekile), ngisebenza nabakhethi be-document.getElementById , ukuhlela uhlu nokukhipha izakhi zento kusetshenziswa i-.map, .filter, .nciphisa, kusetshenzwe nge-API ne-AJAX, njll.
Futhi angizange ngibe nephutha - ngenkathi ngifunda i-React, ngihlangabezane nethoni yekhodi ye-JS eyayidinga ukucutshungulwa futhi iqondwe, ngaphandle kwalokho akukho okuzosebenza. Ngidonse umoya futhi ngidabuke kancane, ngaqala ukujula engqikithini yenqubo ngamandla aphindwe kabili. Ngokushesha kakhulu kwavela ukuthi i-React iyi-HTML eshintshwe kancane (JSX) + ikhithi yamathuluzi ahlukene akwenza kube lula ukubuyekeza ikhasi nokudala i-SPA (uhlelo lokusebenza lwekhasi elilodwa). Engeza ingcosana ye-JS futhi sinokugqwayiza, ukulayisha kanye noshintsho. Ngemva kokujwayela i-syntax, ngathatha isakhiwo sokuqala sesitolo se-inthanethi engasithola ngase ngibhala i-SPA elula eyangivumela ukuba ngikhethe izigaba, ngizulazule kusayithi futhi ngishintshe izinto zokubala ekalishini.
Ngokuvamile, akukho lutho olungalungile ngokuthi awukaze uhlele empilweni yakho, cha - uma usebenza ngokwakho kancane kancane, khona-ke konke kungenzeka. Ngisho nangaphandle kolwazi lwesiNgisi, kunezindawo eziningi zolimi lwesiRashiya ezizokwanela esigabeni sokuqala. Ngikufisela inhlanhla!
Source: www.habr.com