Impilo yami yonke yabantu abadala, bengiyisiphuzo esinamandla (cha, manje asisakhulumi ngesiphuzo esinezinto ezingabazisayo).
Angikaze ngibe nesithakazelo esikhethekile emhlabeni wobuchwepheshe bolwazi, futhi angikwazi ngisho nokuphindaphinda umatikuletsheni ephepheni. Futhi angikaze ngikudingile lokhu, ukuze uqonde kancane mayelana nemininingwane yomsebenzi wami, ngingabelana ngendaba emnandi. Ngake ngacela ozakwethu ukuthi benze umsebenzi kuspredishithi se-Excel, isigamu sosuku lokusebenza sase sidlulile, ngakhuphukela kubo, futhi babehlezi futhi befingqa idatha kumshini wokubala, yebo, kumshini wokubala omnyama ojwayelekile onezinkinobho. Hhayi-ke, hlobo luni lwamanethiwekhi e-neural esingakhuluma ngawo ngemva kwalokhu?.. Ngakho-ke, angikaze ngibe nezimfuneko ezikhethekile zokuzicwilisa emhlabeni we-IT. Kodwa, njengoba besho, "kuhle lapho singekho," abangani bami bangivala izindlebe mayelana neqiniso elingathandeki, mayelana namanethiwekhi e-neural, mayelana nezilimi zokuhlela (ikakhulukazi mayelana nePython).
Ngamazwi kwakubukeka kulula kakhulu, futhi nganquma ukuthi kungani ngingayingcweti lobu buciko bomlingo ukuze ngibusebenzise emkhakheni wami womsebenzi.
Kulesi sihloko, ngizokweqa imizamo yami yokufunda kahle izisekelo zePython futhi ngabelane nawe ngemibono yami yesifundo samahhala se-TensorFlow esivela ku-Udacity.
Isingeniso
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka engu-11 embonini yamandla, lapho wazi futhi ungenza konke ngisho nangaphezulu (ngokwemithwalo yemfanelo yakho), ukufunda izinto ezintsha kakhulu - ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubangela intshiseko enkulu, kodwa ngakolunye - iphenduka ubuhlungu bomzimba "amagiya ekhanda lami."
Angikaqondi ngokugcwele yonke imiqondo eyisisekelo yezinhlelo nokufunda komshini, ngakho-ke akufanele ungahlulele kanzima. Ngithemba ukuthi isihloko sami sizothakazelisa futhi sibe usizo kubantu abafana nami abakude nokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe.
Ngaphambi kokudlulela kuhlolojikelele lwesifundo, ngizothi ukuze usifunde uzodinga okungenani ulwazi oluncane lwePython. Ungafunda izincwadi ezimbalwa zama-dummies (sengiqalile nokwenza izifundo ze-Stepic, kodwa angikakakwazi ngokuphelele).
Isifundo se-TensorFlow ngokwaso ngeke sibe nezinto zokwakha eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kuzodingeka ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kungani amalabhulali athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukuthi umsebenzi uchazwa kanjani, nokuthi kungani okuthile kufakwa kuwo.
Kungani i-TensorFlow kanye ne-Udacity?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokuqeqeshwa kwami kwakuyisifiso sokubona izithombe zezinto zokufakwa kukagesi kusetshenziswa amanethiwekhi emizwa.
Ngikhethe i-TensorFlow ngoba ngizwe ngayo kubangani bami. Futhi njengoba ngikuqonda, lesi sifundo sithandwa kakhulu.
Ngizamile ukufunda kulesi sikhulu .
Ngabe sengihlangabezana nezinkinga ezimbili.
- Ziningi izinto zokufundisa, futhi ziza ngezinhlobonhlobo. Kube nzima kakhulu kimina ukudala okungenani isithombe esiphelele noma esiphelele sokuxazulula inkinga yokuqaphela isithombe.
- Izihloko eziningi engizidingayo azikahunyushelwa olimini lwesiRashiya. Kwenzeka lokhu nje ngafunda isiJalimane ngiseyingane futhi manje, njengabantwana abaningi baseSoviet, angisasazi isiJalimane noma isiNgisi. Yiqiniso, phakathi nokuphila kwami komuntu omdala, ngazama ukufunda isiNgisi kahle, kodwa kwaba into efana nesithombe.
Ngemva kokumba kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni, ngathola izincomo okufanele ngidlule kuzo .
Njengoba ngikuqonda, isifundo se-Coursera sakhokhelwa, kanye nesifundo kwakungenzeka ukuthi kudlule “mahhala, okungukuthi, mahhala.”
Okuqukethwe kwesifundo
Isifundo sinezifundo eziyisi-9.
Isigaba sokuqala siyisethulo, lapho bazokutshela khona ukuthi kungani sidingeka ngokomthetho.
Isifundo #2 siphenduke intandokazi yami. Yayilula ngokwanele ukuyiqonda futhi yabonisa izimangaliso zesayensi. Kafushane, kulesi sifundo, ngaphezu kolwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana namanethiwekhi emizwa, abadali babonisa indlela yokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-neural yesendlalelo esisodwa ukuxazulula inkinga yokuguqula izinga lokushisa lisuke ku-Fahrenheit liye ku-Celsius.
Ngempela lesi isibonelo esicace kakhulu. Ngisahlezi lapha ngicabanga ukuthi ngingaqhamuka kanjani futhi ngixazulule inkinga efanayo, kodwa ngabasebenza ngogesi kuphela.
Ngeshwa, ngama kancane, ngoba ukufunda izinto ezingaqondakali ngolimi engingalwazi kunzima kakhulu. Okwangisindisa yilokho engakuthola kuHabré .
Ukuhunyushwa kwenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu, izincwadi zokubhalela ze-Colab nazo zahunyushwa, ngakho ngabe sengibheka kokubili okwangempela nokuhunyushiwe.
Isifundo No. 3, empeleni, siwukushintshwa kwezinto ezivela esifundweni esisemthethweni se-TensorFlow. Kulesi sifundo, sisebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-neural ye-multilayer ukuze sifunde ukuhlukanisa izithombe zezingubo (Fashion MNIST dataset).
Izifundo No. 4 kuya kuNo. 7 nazo ziwukushintshwa kwesifundo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi zihlelwe kahle, asikho isidingo sokuqonda ukulandelana kokutadisha ngokwakho. Kulezi zifundo sizotshelwa kafushane mayelana namanethiwekhi e-neural anembile kakhulu, ukuthi angakhuphula kanjani ukunemba kokuqeqeshwa futhi alondoloze imodeli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sizoxazulula ngesikhathi esisodwa inkinga yokuhlukanisa amakati nezinja esithombeni.
Isifundo No. 8 siyisifundo esihluke ngokuphelele, kunothisha ohlukile, futhi isifundo ngokwaso sibanzi kakhulu. Isifundo simayelana nochungechunge lwesikhathi. Njengoba ngingenantshisekelo kuyo okwamanje, ngiyiskene ngokudayagonali.
Lokhu kugcina ngesifundo #9, esiyisimemo sokuthatha isifundo samahhala ku-TensorFlow lite.
Okuthandile nongakuthandanga
Ngizoqala ngabachwepheshe:
- Isifundo simahhala
- Isifundo siku-TensorFlow 2. Ezinye izincwadi engizibonile kanye nezifundo ezithile ku-inthanethi beziku-TensorFlow 1. Angazi noma ukhona yini umehluko omkhulu, kodwa kuhle ukufunda inguqulo yamanje.
- Othisha abakuvidiyo abacasuli (yize enguqulweni yesiRashiya abafundi ngenjabulo njengasekuqaleni)
- Isifundo asithathi isikhathi esiningi
- Isifundo asikwenzi uzizwe udabukile noma uphelelwe ithemba. Imisebenzi esifundweni ilula futhi kuhlale kukhona inkomba esesimweni se-Colab enesixazululo esifanele uma kukhona okungacacile (futhi ingxenye enhle yemisebenzi ibingangicaceli kahle)
- Asikho isidingo sokufaka noma yini, wonke umsebenzi waselabhorethri wesifundo ungenziwa esipheqululini
Manje ama-cons:
- Cishe azikho izinto zokulawula. Azikho izivivinyo, akukho misebenzi, akukho okungahlola ngandlela thile ukusebenza kahle kwesifundo
- Akuwona wonke ama-notepad ami asebenze ngendlela efanele. Ngicabanga ukuthi esifundweni sesithathu sesifundo sokuqala nge-English Colab besenza iphutha futhi bengingazi ukuthi ngenzenjani ngalo
- Kulula ukubuka kukhompuyutha kuphela. Mhlawumbe angizange ngikuqonde ngokugcwele, kodwa angikwazanga ukuthola uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Udacity ku-smartphone yami. Futhi inguqulo yeselula yesayithi ayiphenduli, okungukuthi, cishe yonke indawo yesikrini ihlala imenyu yokuzulazula, kodwa ukuze ubone okuqukethwe okuyinhloko okudingayo ukupheqela kwesokudla ngaphesheya kwendawo yokubuka. Futhi, ividiyo ayikwazi ukubukwa ocingweni. Ngeke ukwazi ukubona noma yini esikrinini esingamayintshi angaphezu kuka-6.
- Ezinye izinto ezifundweni zihlafunwa izikhathi eziningana, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye, izinto ezidingekayo ngempela kumanethiwekhi okuxhumana azihlafunwa esifundweni. Bengingakayiqondi yonke inhloso yezinye izivivinyo (isibonelo, ukuthi i-Max Pooling ingeyani).
Isifingqo
Impela usuqagele ukuthi isimangaliso asenzekanga. Futhi ngemva kokuqeda lesi sifundo esifushane, akunakwenzeka ukuqonda ngempela ukuthi amanethiwekhi e-neural asebenza kanjani.
Vele, ngemuva kwalokhu angikwazanga ukuxazulula inkinga yami ngedwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwezithombe zokushintshwa nezinkinobho kuma-switchgears.
Kodwa sekukonke isifundo siwusizo. Ibonisa ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezingenziwa nge-TensorFlow nokuthi iyiphi inkomba okufanele uyithathe ngokulandelayo.
Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele ngiqale ngifunde izisekelo zePython futhi ngifunde izincwadi zesiRashiya mayelana nendlela amanethiwekhi we-neural asebenza ngayo, bese ngithatha i-TensorFlow.
Sengiphetha, ngithanda ukubonga kubangani bami ngokungiphusha ukuthi ngibhale isihloko sokuqala esikhuluma ngoHabr futhi bangisize ngisihlele.
PS ngizojabula ukubona ukuphawula kwakho nanoma yikuphi ukugxeka okwakhayo.
Source: www.habr.com