Isithombe sibonisa indawo yokusebenza ye-freelancer. Lesi isikebhe esihamba phakathi kwe-Malta ne-Gozo. Ushiya imoto yakho ezingeni eliphansi lesikebhe, ungakhuphukela phezulu futhi uphuze inkomishi yekhofi, uvule ikhompyutha yakho ephathekayo bese usebenza
Namuhla sishicilela indaba yomfundi we-GeekBrains u-Alexander Zhukovsky (), owashintsha umsebenzi wakhe eneminyaka engu-30 futhi waba umthuthukisi ohamba phambili, wabamba iqhaza ekusetshenzisweni kwamaphrojekthi amakhulu kakhulu. Usaqala uhambo lwakhe, kodwa uzimisele ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe we-IT.
Kulesi sihloko ngithanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwami lomuntu siqu lokuthola imfundo eyengeziwe emkhakheni we-IT futhi ngikhulume ngokuthi ulwazi olusha nolwazi lwangisiza kanjani ukuba ngiqale ikhasi elisha empilweni yami. Yebo, igama lami ngingu-Alexander, ngineminyaka engu-30 ubudala. Ngizosho zisuka nje ukuthi ngithuthukisa amawebhusayithi, ekugcineni. Lesi sihloko besihlale sithakazelisa kimi, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ngangivame ukusebenza kumaphrojekthi alula wokuthuthukisa ikhasi lewebhu, ngazi i-HTML kanye ne-CSS ethile kuphela.
Ukwazi ngale nto yokuzilibazisa, engibaziyo, abangani, abangani babangane beza kimi. Abanye bacela usizo lwamahhala, abanye bakhokhela umsebenzi, yize kancane. Eqinisweni, angizange ngithathe okuningi, njengoba cishe ngangingenalo ulwazi nolwazi.
Kungani ngidinga ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu?
Ama-oda anjengokuthi “ngisize ngenze ikhasi elilula” ayengena njalo. Ngemva kwesikhashana, amakhasimende aqala ukungithinta ngamaphrojekthi abalulekile ayedinga ulwazi olujulile ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu. Banginika umvuzo omuhle, kodwa inkinga yayiwukuthi angikwazanga ukuqedela i-oda ngenxa yokuthi ngangingenayo imfundo eyisipesheli. Uthumele amakhasimende kwabanye abangani bakhe, abasebenzisa lezi zinhlelo. Ngesinye isikhathi, nganquma ukushintsha yonke into empilweni yami futhi ngiqale ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi.
Sekukonke, benginokuzikhethela - bengifuna ukuba wumhleli wezinhlelo (ngaphambilini ngathola imfundo ephakeme njengonjiniyela wesoftware) noma ngenze ukwakheka kwewebhu. Njengoba imfundo “IT” impela, ngicabanga ukuthi ngingabhekana nakho kokubili ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa umphefumulo wami ulele kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu.
Esinye sezisusa zokushintsha ubungcweti inkululeko. Izingcweti eziningi ze-IT zikuvumela ukuthi usebenze noma yikuphi emhlabeni, inqobo nje uma unekhompuyutha ephathekayo noxhumano lwenethiwekhi. Mayelana nokusebenza ngaphandle kwehhovisi, kukhona izinketho ezimbili - ukuzimela ngokugcwele, kanye nenani, kodwa "mahhala".
Konke kwaqala kanjani
Ngaqala ukucabanga ngokushintsha umsebenzi wami esikhathini esingangonyaka esidlule. Isinqumo asivuthwanga ngokushesha - ngachitha isikhathi ngixoxa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene nomngane wami, naye owayefuna ukuthola imfundo ye-IT. Izikhathi eziningana sibone izikhangiso zezifundo ze-GeekBrains ku-inthanethi (kanye nezifundo ezivela kwezinye izinkampani) futhi sanquma ukuyizama. Angazi nokuthi kungani bekhethe le nkampani, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ukukhangisa kwakuklanywe kahle.
Sikanye nomngane, sabhalisela izifundo futhi saqala ukusebenza kugranite yesayensi entsha. Ngendlela, isisusa somngane wami sasihluke ngandlela-thile. Iqiniso liwukuthi ekuqaleni wayekude ne-IT. Kodwa, njengomuntu othanda ukwazi, ngangihlale nginesithakazelo ezindabeni emkhakheni wokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Wayengafuni njalo ukubuza imibuzo eyengeziwe kubangane bakhe ababenolwazi, futhi wanquma ukuyiqeda unomphela le nkinga.
Bobabili bathatha izifundo . Incazelo yesifundo ithi abathuthukisi bazokwazi kahle i-JavaScript, i-HTML, i-CSS, futhi, ngokuvamile, yonke into injalo, sithole amakhono nolwazi oludingekayo.
Ifomethi yokuqeqeshwa yabonakala ikhululekile, kangangokuthi ngesikhathi esifushane ngakwazi ukuthola cishe yonke into engangiyidinga ukuze ngisebenzise amaphrojekthi abalulekile engiwashilo ngenhla.
Yini eguqukile?
Ngamafuphi, okuningi. Nempela ngiyeke ukuhamba nomfutho, manje sengiyakwazi ukukhetha engikuthandayo. Hhayi-ke, ngithanda iqiniso lokuthi lawo maphrojekthi engangiwanikeze abanye ngaphambili, manje sengingakwazi ukuziqedela, ngaphandle kosizo lwangaphandle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngiqala umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, engicabanga ukuthi ngiwenza kahle kakhulu.
Okunye futhi ukuthi imali engenayo eyengeziwe isivele. Angikawuyeki umsebenzi wami wosuku ngoba i-freelancing ikhokha kancane. Kodwa imali eyengeziwe ikhula kancane kancane, manje cishe ingxenye yesithathu yomholo oyisisekelo. Mhlawumbe, uma uyeka umsebenzi wakho oyinhloko njengamanje bese uqala ukusebenza nge-freelancing noma ukusebenza ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe, kodwa ukude, imali yakho engenayo izoba phezulu. Kodwa angifaki ubungozi okwamanje; mhlawumbe ngizoba ngu-100% ozimele ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
I-nuance eyengeziwe: ijubane futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, izinga lomsebenzi wami liye landa kakhulu. Kancane kancane ngithola ulwazi olusha, okungisiza ukuthi ngisebenze ngale ndlela. Hhayi-ke, ngibona umphumela ngokushesha, ngokushesha nje lapho isiza engisenzayo sithunyelwe ekusingatheni. Ukwaneliseka kuphelile, futhi ngiyajabula futhi ukuthi amakhasimende ami anelisekile ngokuphelele.
Sebenza eMalta
Futhi nginomsebenzi oyinhloko; iminyaka eminingana manje ngibe yinhloko yokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe enkampanini yezobuchwepheshe. Eminyakeni emithathu edlule nganikezwa umsebenzi (nakuba wawumkhulu, hhayi owokuqala), futhi ngathuthela eMalta nge-visa yomsebenzi. Ngithanda ukuqaphela ukuthi umsebenzi uyathakazelisa, zimbalwa izici ezingezinhle. Kodwa ngifuna inkululeko eyengeziwe.
Nginabantu abambalwa abangaphansi kwami, futhi sisonke sinakekela izakhiwo ngemishini yenkampani. Umsebenzi wethu (njengomsebenzi wanoma yiliphi ithimba labasekeli bezobuchwepheshe) ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi okokusebenza kusebenza ngendlela okufanele, uma kunesidingo, ukukulungisa futhi kugcinwe ukugcinwa kokuvikela.
Njengoba abazimele bevame ukuthuthela emazweni afudumele lapho besebenza khona, ngizokhuluma kancane ngeMalta njengendawo yokufuduka okungenzeka ibe khona.
Malta ebusuku
Izinzuzo zale ndawo ukuthi ifudumele, ulwandle, ukudla okumnandi namantombazane amahle. Ububi: Ubunzima ngokubhalisa. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuthola ilungelo lokuhlala uma kungekho msebenzi lapha - ngokuyisisekelo, le nketho iyatholakala lapho uthenga indawo yokuhlala, kukhona nethuba lokuthola ngokusemthethweni ubuzwe be-650 euros. Ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala, angizange ngicabangele zombili izinketho. Kodwa i-visa yomsebenzi iyithuba impela. Uma ususebenzele umqashi waseMalta ngokusemthethweni, ungahlala ngokuqinisekisa inkontileka yakho minyaka yonke.
Amaphepha, uma kukhona isivumelwano senkontileka, akunzima ikakhulukazi; enye into ukuthi ithuba lokuthola isipho esinjalo linikezwa njalo. Ngenxa yokuthi minyaka yonke kufanele uvuselele i-visa yakho, unikeze imibhalo eqinisekisa ukwandiswa kwenkontileka yakho, futhi ubhekane neminye imisebenzi ye-bureaucratic ethinta umqashi, izinkampani eziningi zendawo azifuni ukubhekana nabasanda kufika.
Ngendlela, enye inzuzo lapha (njenganoma yiliphi elinye izwe laseYurophu) ukuthi ungakwazi uku-oda amagajethi ngaphandle kwentela, okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngi-ode inqwaba yezinto, engijabule kakhulu ngazo. Sikhuluma, okokuqala, mayelana nezimali zentela lapho uthenga amagajethi ezitolo ze-inthanethi eRussia, Belarus, Ukraine nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS. Ukwethembeka emithethweni yamasiko endawo kukuvumela ukuthi u-ode izimpahla ezitolo zakwamanye amazwe (kusuka e-Amazon kuye ku-Aliexpress) ngaphandle kokukhokha intela yentela, nakuba ezinye izimpahla zisenazo.
Okokuzilibazisa: ukulungisa izikebhe, obhekele izinto zikagesi, injini
Amaphrojekthi wamanje angaphambili
Kusukela ngiqede izifundo ze-GeekBrains, kube nama-oda amaningi, kodwa ngeke ngiwabize anzima kakhulu. Kodwa kwakukhona amaphrojekthi amabili amakhulu okufanele ashiwo.
Esokuqala isitolo se-inthanethi sezinto zasendlini. Ngiyibhale kusukela ekuqaleni, njengoba isitolo ikhasimende ekade linaso sase siphelelwe yisikhathi (i-CMS yayo ). Esinye sezifiso yikhono lokuhlanganisa ne-1C version 7.7. Ngemva kwamasonto ayisishiyagalolunye omsebenzi, ngigcwalise lo myalelo, futhi manje usebenza ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokubangela noma yiziphi izikhalazo, engijabula ngazo.
Iphrojekthi yesibili enkulu ukwakhiwa kwengosi yebhizinisi yenkampani eyodwa eyaziwa kakhulu. Njengamanje ngihola le phrojekthi. Umnyombo wayo yi-WP. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa sisebenzisa i-PHP, i-Java, i-jQuery AJAX, i-HTML5, i-CSS. Konke kusetshenzisiwe, kanye ne-asynchronous, GZIP, Lazy Load, kanye nenani lezinhlaka. Njengoba ishaneli kanye nokwabiwa kwenkumbulo kuvumela, ukuxhumana ngakunye kulayisha izinsiza ezivela kweminye imithombo, njenge-CDN. Insiza ihlonza idivayisi yomsebenzisi futhi ilayisha kuphela lezo zinto ezikhona esibonisini.
Umkhiqizo wokugcina, iwebhusayithi, uzokwenza abasebenzi benkampani bakwazi ukusebenza besuka noma kuphi emhlabeni. Bazokwazi ukufinyelela kumadokhumenti e-accounting kanye nezomthetho. Ngeshwa, angikwazi ukusho okwengeziwe. Ngokuqondene nokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi, ngiphatha ithimba labathuthukisi, ngamunye owenza ingxenye yakhe yomsebenzi. Ngenza nemisebenzi eminingana njengonjiniyela. Sengivele ngiphethe amaphrojekthi amakhulu, nakuba engemikhulu kangako, kodwa manje sengiyingxenye yawo - hhayi umphathi kuphela, kodwa futhi nonjiniyela. Ngizokwazi ukuthi ngokuziqhenya: “Bheka, ngenze ingxenye yalo msebenzi!”
Iseluleko kulabo abesaba ukungena IT
Empeleni, ngizoba omunye walabo abafonayo ukuthi bangesabi lutho. Futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso, ngoba lapho uthola imfundo (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwedwa noma ngezifundo), ufunda futhi uzifundise. Esikhathini esizayo, lonke ulwazi nolwazi oluzuziwe lungaba usizo kakhulu. Noma ngabe akukho okusebenzayo, kahle, uzohlala endaweni yokuqala ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa lutho. Kodwa okuhlanganisayo ukuthi ngokuvamile konke kuyasebenza - uma ulwela umgomo wakho, khona-ke ungakwazi ukuwufinyelela ngomzamo othile. Abanye abantu badinga ukufaka umzamo owengeziwe, abanye kancane, kodwa umphumela usazoba khona.
Source: www.habr.com