Isihloko se-athikili sizwakala sengathi siyahluleka, kodwa empeleni yonke into ayilula kangako. Futhi ngokuvamile, le ndaba yaphela kahle kakhulu, nakuba ingekho ku-Google. Kodwa lesi yisihloko sesinye isihloko. Kulesi sihloko esifanayo, ngizokhuluma ngezinto ezintathu: ukuthi inqubo yami yokulungiselela yahamba kanjani, ukuthi izingxoxo ze-Google zenzeke kanjani, futhi kungani, ngombono wami, konke akucaci njengoba kungase kubonakale.
Konke kwaqala kanjani
Ngobunye ubusuku basebusika obubandayo baseCypriot, ngafikelwa umcabango wokuthi ulwazi lwami lwe-Computer Science yakudala lwalukude kakhulu nesilinganiso, futhi kukhona okwakudingeka kwenziwe ngakho. Uma, ngendlela, othile engakafundi okwamanje ukuthi kungani kusihlwa eCypriot futhi kubanda, khona-ke ungathola ngakho . Ngemuva komcabango othile, kwanqunywa ukuthi kuqale ngokuthatha isifundo se-inthanethi sama-algorithms nezakhiwo zedatha. Komunye wozakwethu bangaphambili ngezwa ngezifundo zikaRobert Sedgewick ku-Coursera. Isifundo siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili ( и ). Uma kungazelelwe izixhumanisi zishintsha, ungahlala u-Google igama lombhali. Ingxenye ngayinye ithatha amasonto ayi-6. Izinkulumo zinikezwa ekuqaleni kwesonto, futhi phakathi nesonto kusadingeka wenze izivivinyo. Ingxenye yokuqala yesifundo ihlanganisa izakhiwo zedatha eyisisekelo, izinhlobo eziyisisekelo zokuhlunga kanye nobunkimbinkimbi bama-algorithms. Ingxenye yesibili isivele ithuthuke kakhulu, iqala ngamagrafu igcine ngezinto ezifana ne-Linear Programming kanye ne-Intractability. Ngemva kokucabanga ngakho konke lokhu okungenhla, ngafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi yilokhu kanye engikudingayo. Kodwa-ke, umfundi othanda ukwazi angabuza, i-Google ihlangene ngani nakho? Futhi nangempela, kuze kube yilesi sikhathi wayengahlangene nhlobo nakho. Kodwa ngangidinga umgomo, njengoba ukufunda amasonto angu-12 kusihlwa ngaphandle komgomo kunzima ngandlela-thile. Kungaba yini injongo yokuzuza ulwazi olusha? Yiqiniso, ukusetshenziswa kwabo ekusebenzeni. Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke lokhu kuyinkinga impela, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuxoxisana nenkampani enkulu kulula. I-Google esheshayo ibonise ukuthi i-Google (ithethelele i-tautology) ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu eYurophu (futhi ngangibheke ngokuqondile eYurophu) eqhuba izingxoxo ezinjalo. Okungukuthi, ihhovisi labo liseZurich, eSwitzerland. Ngakho-ke kunqunyiwe - asifunde futhi siye kwinhlolokhono e-Google.
Ukulungiselela indlela yokuqala
Amasonto angu-12 adlula ngokushesha futhi ngaziqeda zombili izifundo. Imibono yami ngezifundo ingaphezu kokuhle, futhi ngingayincoma kunoma ubani onentshisekelo. Ngizithandile izifundo ngezizathu ezilandelayo:
- Umfundisi ukhuluma isiNgisi esicacile
- Impahla yakheke kahle
- Izethulo ezinhle ezibonisa ingaphakathi le-algorithm ngayinye
- Ukukhetha okunekhono kwezinto
- Ukuzivocavoca okuthakazelisayo
- Ukuzivocavoca kuhlolwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kusayithi, ngemva kwalokho umbiko ukhiqizwa
Umsebenzi wami ezifundweni ujwayele ukuhamba kanje. Ngalalela izinkulumo ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2. Babe sebevivinya ngokushesha ulwazi lwabo ngale ndaba. Isonto lonke ngenze umsebenzi ngokuphindaphinda kaningi. Ngemuva kweyokuqala ngathola i-30-70% yami, abalandelayo baletha umphumela ku-97-100%. Umsebenzi ngokuvamile wawuhilela ukusebenzisa i-algorithm ethile, isb. noma .
Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo, ngabona ukuthi ulwazi oluningi luza nosizi olukhulu. Uma ngaphambili ngavele ngazi ukuthi angazi lutho, manje ngaqala ukuqaphela ukuthi yimina engangingazi.
Njengoba kwakuyinyanga kaMeyi kuphela, futhi ngahlela inhlolokhono ekwindla, nganquma ukuqhubeka nemfundo yami. Ngemva kokubuyekeza izidingo zesikhala, kunqunywe ukuthi kuyiwe ezindleleni ezimbili ngokuhambisana: ukuqhubeka nokufunda ama-algorithms futhi uthathe isifundo esiyisisekelo sokufunda ngomshini. Ngenhloso yokuqala, nginqume ukushintsha izifundo ngiye encwadini futhi ngakhetha umsebenzi omkhulu kaSteven Skiena othi “Algorithms. I-Algorithm Design Manual. Hhayi njengesikhumbuzo njenge-Knut, kodwa namanje. Ngegoli lesibili, ngibuyele e-Coursera ngabhalisela izifundo zika-Andrew Ng. .
Kwadlula ezinye izinyanga ezi-3 futhi ngaqeda izifundo kanye nokubhukha.
Ake siqale ngencwadi. Ukufunda kwathakazelisa kakhulu, nakuba kwakungelula. Empeleni, ngingayincoma le ncwadi, kodwa hhayi ngaso leso sikhathi. Sekukonke, le ncwadi inikeza ukujula okwengeziwe ngalokho engikufundile esifundweni. Futhi, ngithole (ngokombono osemthethweni) izinto ezifana ne-heuristics kanye nezinhlelo eziguqukayo. Ngokwemvelo, ngangike ngazisebenzisa ngaphambili, kodwa ngangingazi ukuthi zibizwa ngani. Le ncwadi futhi iqukethe izinganekwane eziningi ezivela empilweni yombhali (Indaba Yempi), ethi kancane inciphise ubunjalo bezemfundo besethulo. Ngendlela, ingxenye yesibili yencwadi ingashiywa, iqukethe incazelo yezinkinga ezikhona nezindlela zokuzixazulula. Kuyasiza uma isetshenziswa njalo ekusebenzeni, ngaphandle kwalokho izokhohlwa ngokushesha.
Ngajabula kakhulu ngalesi sifundo. Umbhali wazi kahle izinto zakhe futhi ukhuluma ngendlela ethokozisayo. Kanye nenani elifanelekile, okuyi-algebra yomugqa kanye nezisekelo zamanethiwekhi e-neural, ngakhumbula ngisenyuvesi, ngakho angizange ngihlangabezane nobunzima obuthile. Isakhiwo sesifundo sisezingeni. Isifundo sihlukaniswe ngamaviki. Njalo ngesonto kunezinkulumo ezixutshwe nezivivinyo ezimfushane. Ngemva kwezinkulumo, unikezwa umsebenzi okufanele uwenze, uwuthumele, futhi uzohlolwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kafushane, uhlu lwezinto ezifundiswa kulesi sifundo lumi kanje:
- umsebenzi wezindleko
- ukuhlehla komugqa
- ukwehla kwe-gradient
- isici ukukala
- isibalo esivamile
- ukuhlehla kwezinto
- ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba eziningi (okukodwa vs konke)
- amanethiwekhi we-neural
- i-backpropagation
- ukujwayela
- ukuchema/ukuhluka
- izigaba zokufunda
- amamethrikhi wephutha (ukunemba, ukukhumbula, F1)
- Imishini Yokusekela Vector (izigaba ezinkulu ze-margin)
- K-izindlela
-Ukuhlaziywa Kwezingxenye Eziyinhloko
- ukutholwa okungaqondakali
- ukuhlunga ngokubambisana (uhlelo lokuncoma)
- i-stochastic, i-mini-batch, i-batch gradient descents
- Ukufundwa kwe-inthanethi
- imephu ukunciphisa
- ukuhlaziywa kophahla
Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo, ukuqonda kwazo zonke lezi zihloko kwaba khona. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-2, cishe yonke into yayikhohliwe ngokwemvelo. Ngiyincoma kulabo abangajwayele ukufunda ngomshini futhi abafuna ukuqonda kahle izinto eziyisisekelo ukuze baqhubekele phambili.
Ukugijima kokuqala
Kwasekusele inyanga kaMandulo sekuyisikhathi sokucabanga ngenhlolokhono. Njengoba ukufaka isicelo ngesayithi kuyinhlekelele, ngaqala ukufuna abangani abasebenza kwa-Google. Ukukhetha kwawela phezu , njengoba bekunguyena yedwa engangimazi ngokuqondile (ngisho noma kungeyena uqobo). Wavuma ukudlulisela incwadi yami, futhi ngokushesha ngathola incwadi evela kumuntu oqasha umsebenzi engicela ukuba ngibekisele indawo ekhalendeni yakhe ukuze ngiyoxoxa ngayo okokuqala. Sizamile ukuxhumana sisebenzisa i-Hangouts, kodwa ikhwalithi yayimbi, ngakho-ke sishintshele ocingweni. Okokuqala, sixoxe ngokushesha ngezinga ukuthi kanjani, kungani futhi kungani, bese sidlulela ekuhlolweni kobuchwepheshe. Iqukethe imibuzo eyishumi nambili ngomoya wokuthi "buyini ubunzima bokufaka kumephu ye-hashi", "iziphi izihlahla ezilinganiselayo ozaziyo." Akunzima uma unolwazi oluyisisekelo lwalezi zinto. Ukuhlolwa kuhambe kahle futhi ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, banquma ukuhlela inhlolokhono yokuqala ngesonto.
Inhlolokhono iphinde yenzeke ngama-Hangout. Baqale bakhuluma ngami cishe imizuzu emi-5, base bedlulela enkingeni. Inkinga ibikumagrafu. Ngabona ngokushesha ukuthi yini okufanele yenziwe, kodwa ngakhetha i-algorithm engalungile. Lapho ngiqala ukubhala ikhodi ngabona lokhu futhi ngashintshela kwenye inketho, engiyiqedile. Obuza imibuzo ubuze imibuzo embalwa mayelana nobunkimbinkimbi be-algorithm futhi wabuza ukuthi kungenziwa yini ngokushesha. Ngandlela-thile ngaba buthuntu futhi angikwazanga ukukwenza. Ngalesi sikhathi, isikhathi sase siphelile futhi savalelisa. Khona-ke, ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-10, kwangikhanyela ukuthi esikhundleni se-algorithm ye-Dijkstra engangiyisebenzisa, kule nkinga ethile ngingasebenzisa ukusesha okubanzi kuqala, futhi kungaba ngokushesha. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umqashi washaya ucingo wathi i-overall yenhlolokhono ihambe kahle futhi kufanele kuhlelwe enye. Savumelana ngelinye isonto.
Kulokhu izinto zaba zimbi kakhulu. Uma okokuqala lowo oxoxisana naye enobungane futhi enobungane, kulokhu wayedangele. Angikwazanga ukuthola inkinga ngaso leso sikhathi, nakuba imibono engiqhamuke nayo, empeleni, ingaholela esixazululweni sayo. Ekugcineni, ngemva kokwaziswa okuningana okuvela kobuza imibuzo, isixazululo safika kimi. Kulokhu kuphinde kwaba wukusesha okubanzi futhi, kusuka kumaphuzu amaningana. Ngabhala izixazululo, ngahlangana nazo ngesikhathi, kodwa ngakhohlwa ngamacala asemaphethelweni. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umqashi wabiza futhi wathi ngalesi sikhathi oxoxisana naye wayengajabuli, ngoba ngokombono wakhe ngangidinga amacebo amaningi (3 noma 4 izingcezu) futhi ngangishintsha njalo ikhodi ngenkathi ngibhala. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yezingxoxo ezimbili, kwanqunywa ukuthi kungaqhutsheki phambili, kodwa kuhlehlisele inhlolokhono elandelayo unyaka, uma ngangifisa. Yingakho savalelisa.
Futhi kule ndaba ngenze iziphetho eziningana:
- Ithiyori yinhle, kodwa udinga ukuyizulazula ngokushesha
- Ithiyori ngaphandle kokusebenza ngeke isize. Sidinga ukuxazulula izinkinga futhi silethe ukubhala ngekhodi ku-othomathikhi.
- Okuningi kuncike kobuza imibuzo. Futhi akukho okungenziwa ngakho.
Ilungiselela ukugijima kwesibili
Ngemva kokucabanga ngalesi simo, nganquma ukuzama futhi ngemva konyaka. Futhi uhlele kancane umgomo. Uma ngaphambili inhloso eyinhloko kwakuwukufunda, futhi inhlolokhono e-Google yayifana nesanqante esikude, manje ukudlula inhlolokhono kwakuwumgomo, futhi ukutadisha kwakuyindlela.
Ngakho-ke, kwasungulwa uhlelo olusha, oluhlanganisa amaphuzu alandelayo:
- Qhubeka ufunde ithiyori ngokufunda izincwadi nezindatshana.
- Xazulula izinkinga ze-algorithmic ngenani lezingcezu ezingama-500-1000.
- Qhubeka ufunde ithiyori ngokubuka amavidiyo.
- Qhubeka ufunde ithiyori ngokusebenzisa izifundo.
- Funda okwenziwa abanye abantu ngezingxoxo e-Google.
Ngaqeda uhlelo kungakapheli unyaka. Okulandelayo ngizochaza ukuthi yini ngempela engiyenzele iphuzu ngalinye.
Izincwadi nezindatshana
Angisakhumbuli ngisho nenani lezihloko engizifundile; ngazifunda zombili ngesiRashiya nangesiNgisi. Mhlawumbe isayithi eliwusizo kakhulu . Kunencazelo yenani elikhulu lama-algorithms athokozisayo anezibonelo zamakhodi.
Ngifunde izincwadi ezi-5: Ama-algorithms, uhlelo lwesi-4 (Sedgewick, Wayne), Isingeniso Se-Algorithms 3rd Edition (Cormen, Leiserson, Rivest, Stein), Cracking the Coding Interview 4th edition (Gayle Laakmann), Izingxoxo Zohlelo Ziveziwe uhlelo lwesi-2 (Mongan, Suojanen , Giguere), Izingxenye Zezingxoxo Zohlelo (Aziz, Lee, Prakash). Zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezi-2. Eyokuqala ihlanganisa izincwadi zikaSedgwick noCorman. Lena ithiyori. Okunye ukulungiselela inhlolokhono. USedgwick ulandisa ngento efanayo encwadini njengezifundo zakhe. Ngokubhala nje. Alikho iphuzu eliningi lokuyifunda ngokucophelela uma usithathile isifundo, kodwa kufanelekile ukuskimming noma kunjalo. Uma ungabukanga isifundo, kunengqondo ukusifunda. UCormen wayebonakala eyisicefe kakhulu kimi. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, kwakunzima ukuba ngikwazi. Ngisanda kuyikhipha lapho , kanye nezakhiwo zedatha ezimbalwa ezingavamile ukusetshenziswa (inqwaba ye-Fibonacci, isihlahla se-van Emde Boas, inqwaba ye-radix).
Kuyafaneleka ukufunda okungenani incwadi eyodwa ukuze ulungiselele inhlolokhono. Zonke zakhelwe phezu komgomo ofanayo. Bachaza inqubo yenhlolokhono ezinkampanini ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe, banikeze izinto eziyisisekelo ezivela kwi-Computer Science, izinkinga zalezi zinto eziyisisekelo, izixazululo zezinkinga nokuhlaziywa kwezixazululo. Kulokhu okuthathu okungenhla, ngingahle ngituse Ukuhlaziya Ingxoxo Ye-Coding njengeyona eyinhloko, kanti okunye kungakhethwa.
Izinkinga ze-algorithmic
Cishe leli kwakuyiphuzu elithakazelisa kakhulu lokulungiselela. Yebo, ungahlala phansi uxazulule izinkinga ngobuwula. Kukhona izingosi eziningi ezahlukene zalokhu. Ngokuyinhloko ngisebenzise ezintathu: , и . Ku-CodeChef, izinkinga zihlukaniswa nobunzima, kodwa hhayi ngesihloko. Ku-Hackerrank kokubili ngobunkimbinkimbi nangesihloko.
Kodwa njengoba ngazitholela ngokushesha, kunendlela ethakazelisa kakhulu. Futhi lena imiqhudelwano (izinselelo zokuhlela noma imincintiswano yokuhlela). Zontathu izingosi zinikeza zona. Yiqiniso, kunenkinga nge-LeetCode - indawo yesikhathi engalungile. Yingakho ngingazange ngibambe iqhaza kule sayithi. I-Hackerrank ne-CodeChef ihlinzeka ngenani elikhulu impela lemiqhudelwano ehlukene, ehlala ihora eli-1 kuye ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Amafomethi ahlukene anemithetho ehlukene, kodwa singakhuluma ngalokho isikhathi eside. Iphuzu eliyinhloko lokuthi kungani imincintiswano imihle ukwethulwa kwesici sokuncintisana (futhi futhi ne-tautology) enqubweni yokufunda.
Sekukonke, ngibambe iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni engama-37 kuHackerrank. Kulawa, angu-32 alinganisiwe, futhi angu-5 axhasiwe (ngize ngathola u-$25 kwenye yawo) noma okokuzijabulisa. Ezilinganisweni ngaba phezulu 10% izikhathi ezingu-4, phezulu 11% izikhathi 12 futhi phezulu 5% izikhathi 25. Imiphumela emihle kakhulu ibe ngu-27/1459 emahoreni angu-3 no-22/9721 ngesonto.
Ngashintshela ku-CodeChef lapho i-Hackerrank iqala ukubamba imiqhudelwano kancane njalo. Sengiphelele ngikwazile ukubamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni emi-5. Isikolo esihle kakhulu sibe ngu-426/5019 emqhudelwaneni wezinsuku eziyishumi.
Sekukonke, emiqhudelwaneni futhi kanjalo, ngixazulule izinkinga ezingaphezu kuka-1000, ezihambisana nohlelo. Manje, ngeshwa, asikho isikhathi samahhala sokuqhubeka nemisebenzi yokuncintisana, njengoba nje kungekho mgomo lapho isikhathi esingakhululekile singabhalwa khona. Kodwa kwakumnandi. Ngincoma ukuthi labo abanentshisekelo kulokhu bathole abantu abanomqondo ofanayo. Ngokuhlangene noma eqenjini kuyathakazelisa kakhulu. Ngijabule ngalokhu nomngane, ngakho-ke mhlawumbe kuhambe kahle.
Bukela ividiyo
Ngemva kokufunda incwadi kaSkiena, ngaba nesithakazelo kulokho ayekwenza. NjengoSedgwick, unguprofesa wasenyuvesi. Mayelana nalokhu, amavidiyo ezifundo zakhe angatholakala ku-inthanethi. Nginqume ukubukeza isifundo . Ngeke ngisho ukuthi ngayithanda kakhulu. Okokuqala, ikhwalithi yevidiyo ayinhle kakhulu. Okwesibili, angizange ngizame ukuxazulula izinkinga okuxoxwe ngazo esifundweni ngokwami. Ngakho umshado wawungekho phezulu kakhulu.
Futhi, ngenkathi ngixazulula izinkinga, ngizama ukuthola i-algorithm efanele, ngathola ividiyo kaTushar Roy. Usebenze e-Amazon futhi manje usebenza kwa-Apple. Njengoba ngazitholela mina kamuva, usekwenzile , lapho ethumela khona ukuhlaziywa kwama-algorithms ahlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokubhala, isiteshi sinamavidiyo angu-103. Futhi kufanele ngisho ukuthi ukuhlaziya kwakhe kwenziwa kahle kakhulu. Ngizamile ukubuka abanye ababhali, kodwa ngandlela thize akuzange kusebenze. Ngakho ngingasincoma nakanjani lesi siteshi ukuze sibukwe.
Ukuthatha izifundo
Angenzanga lutho oluyisipesheli lapha. Ubuke ividiyo evela ku-Android Developer Nanodegree we-Google futhi wathatha izifundo ze-ITMO . I-Nanodegree inhle impela, nakuba ngokwemvelo ngingazange ngifunde lutho olusha kuyo. Isifundo esivela ku-ITMO sihlanekezelwe kancane ngokwethiyori, kodwa izinkinga bezithokozisa. Ngeke ngincome ukuthi ngiqale ngayo, kodwa empeleni kwakuyisikhathi esichithwe kahle.
Funda kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabanye abantu
Yebo, abantu abaningi bazame ukungena ku-Google. Abanye bangene, abanye abangenanga. Abanye babhale izindatshana mayelana nalokhu. Ezintweni ezithakazelisayo engizozisho и . Esimweni sokuqala, umuntu uzilungiselele uhlu lwalokho okudingeka akufunde ukuze abe unjiniyela weSoftware futhi angene ku-Google. Ekugcineni yagcina e-Amazon, kodwa lokho akusabalulekile kangako. Incwadi yesibili yabhalwa unjiniyela wakwaGoogle, uLarisa Agarkova (). Ngaphezu kwalo mbhalo, ungafunda futhi .
Kunengqondo ukufunda izibuyekezo zezingxoxo ku-Glassdoor. Zonke zifana kakhulu noma kancane, kodwa ungathola ulwazi oluwusizo.
Ngeke nginikeze izixhumanisi kwezinye izindatshana ezincane; ungazithola kalula ku-Google.
Ukugijima kwesibili
Futhi manje sekudlule unyaka. Kubonakale kushube kakhulu ngokwezifundo. Kodwa ngaya ekwindla entsha nginolwazi olujulile lwethiyori futhi ngathuthukisa amakhono awusizo. Kwase kusele amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka ebengibelwe wona ukuze ngizilungiselele, lapho kungazelelwe incwadi evela kumuntu oqasha abantu bakwa-Google ingena eposini, lapho angibuza ukuthi ngisenaso yini isifiso sokusebenza kwa-Google nokuthi ngizosebenza. Ngicela ukukhuluma naye. Njengokulindelekile, angibanga nandaba. Savumelana ukuthi sizofona ngemva kwesonto. Baphinde bangicela incwadi ebuyekeziwe, engangeza kuyo incazelo emfushane yalokho engangikwenzile phakathi nonyaka emsebenzini nangokwejwayelekile.
Ngemuva kokuxhumana impilo yonke, sinqume ukuthi ngesonto kuzoba nenhlolokhono ye-Hangout, njengangonyaka odlule. Kwaphela isonto, kwafika isikhathi senhlolokhono, kodwa akafikanga owayebuza. Kwadlula imizuzu eyi-10, ngase ngiqala ukwethuka, lapho kungazelelwe othile eqhuma engxoxweni. Njengoba kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, owayengixoxile ngesizathu esithile akazange avele futhi watholakala ngokushesha esikhundleni sakhe. Umuntu ubengazimisele ngandlela thize mayelana nokusetha ikhompuyutha kanye nasendleleni yokuqhuba inhlolokhono. Kodwa konke kwahamba kahle. Ngayixazulula ngokushesha inkinga, ngachaza ukuthi izingibe zazingenzeka kuphi, nokuthi zingagwenywa kanjani. Sixoxisane ngezinguqulo ezimbalwa ezihlukene zenkinga kanye nokuba yinkimbinkimbi kwe-algorithm. Sabe sesixoxa eminye imizuzu emi-5, unjiniyela wasitshela ngemibono yakhe yokusebenza eMunich (ngokusobala abayitholanga indawo ephuthumayo eZurich), sabe sesihlukana.
Ngalo lolo suku, umqashi wangithinta wathi inhlolokhono ihambe kahle futhi babekulungele ukungimemela kwinhlolokhono ehhovisi. Ngosuku olulandelayo sashaya ucingo nge-Hangouts futhi saxoxa ngemininingwane. Njengoba kwakudingeka ngifake isicelo se-visa, sanquma ukuhlela inhlolokhono ngemva kwenyanga.
Ngenkathi ngilungisa imibhalo, ngaxoxa ngesikhathi esifanayo nengxoxo nomqashi. Inhlolokhono evamile e-Google iqukethe izinhlolokhono ezingu-4 ze-algorithmic kanye nenhlolokhono eyodwa Yokuklama Isistimu. Kodwa, njengoba ngangifaka isicelo somsebenzi njengonjiniyela we-Android, ngatshelwa ukuthi ingxenye yenhlolokhono izoba ngokuqondile nge-Android. Angikwazanga ukukunyakazisa kumuntu oqashayo ukuthi yini kanye nokuthi imininingwane izoba yini. Ngokwazi kwami, lokhu kwethulwe muva nje futhi yena wayengazi kahle. Ngiphinde ngabhaliselwa izikhathi zokuqeqesha ezimbili: indlela yokuphasa inhlolokhono ye-algorithmic kanye nendlela yokuphasa inhlolokhono ye-System Design. Amaseshini abewusizo olumaphakathi. Lapho, futhi, akekho ongangitshela ukuthi yini ayibuza onjiniyela be-Android. Ngakho-ke, ukulungiselela kwami le nyanga kufinyelele kulokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukuthenga ibhodi lomaka nokubhala ama-algorithms angu-2-3 aziwa kakhulu kulo ngenkumbulo. 3-5 izingcezu nsuku zonke. Sekukonke, ngayinye yabhalwa izikhathi eziningana.
- Vuselela inkumbulo yakho yolwazi oluhlukahlukene ku-Android ongalusebenzisi nsuku zonke
- Ukubuka amavidiyo ambalwa mayelana ne-Big Scale nezinto ezinjalo
Njengoba bese ngishilo, ngesikhathi esifanayo ngangilungiselela amaphepha ohambo. Okokuqala, bangicela ukwaziswa ngenze incwadi yesimemo. Ngabe sengizama isikhathi eside ukuthola ukuthi ubani eCyprus okhipha ama-visa eSwitzerland, ngoba inxusa laseSwitzerland alikuphathi lokhu. Njengoba kwenzeka, i-consulate yase-Austrian yenza lokhu. Ngafona ngenza isikhathi. Bacela inqwaba yamadokhumenti, kodwa akukho okuthakazelisa ngokukhethekile. Isithombe, ipasipoti, imvume yokuhlala, inqwaba yezitifiketi ezahlukene kanye, yiqiniso, incwadi yesimemo. Kusenjalo incwadi ayizange ifike. Ekugcineni, ngahamba ne-printout evamile futhi yasebenza kahle kakhulu. Incwadi ngokwayo yafika ezinsukwini ezi-3 kamuva, futhi i-Cyprus FedEx ayikwazanga ukuthola ikheli lami futhi kwadingeka ngiyozilanda ngokwami. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngathola iphasela elivela ku-FedEx efanayo, nabo abakwazanga ukungilethela kimi, njengoba bengalitholanga ikheli, futhi elalilele lapho kusukela ngoJuni (izinyanga ezingu-5, uKarl). Njengoba ngangingazi ngakho, ngokwemvelo, angizange ngicabange ukuthi babenayo. Ngathola i-visa yami ngesikhathi, ngemva kwalokho bangibhukhela ihhotela futhi banginikeza izinketho zendiza. Ngilungise izinketho ukuze ngikwenze kube lula. Zazingasekho izindiza eziqondile, ngakho ngagcina sengindizela lapho ngidlula e-Athens futhi ngibuya ngidlula eVienna.
Sekulungisiwe yonke imicikilisho yohambo, kwadlula izinsukwana nangempela ngalibangisa eZurich. Ngifike lapho ngaphandle kwesigameko. Kusukela esikhumulweni sezindiza ukuya edolobheni ngathatha isitimela - ngokushesha futhi kalula. Ngemva kokuzulazula edolobheni kancane, ngathola ihhotela ngangena. Njengoba ihhotela lalibhukhelwe ngaphandle kokudla, ngadla isidlo sakusihlwa kwamakhelwane ngase ngilala, ngoba indiza yayisekuseni futhi ngangifuna ukulala. Ngakusasa ngathola ukudla kwasekuseni ehhotela (ngemali eyengeziwe) futhi ngaya ehhovisi le-Google. I-Google inamahhovisi amaningana eZurich. Inhlolokhono yami ibingekho emaphakathi. Futhi ngokuvamile, ihhovisi lalibukeka lijwayelekile, ngakho angizange ngibe nethuba lokubheka zonke izinto ezinhle zehhovisi le-Google "elivamile". Ngabhalisa kumphathi ngahlala phansi ngalinda. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umqashi waphuma futhi wangitshela uhlelo losuku, ngemva kwalokho wangiyisa ekamelweni okwakuzoxoxwa kulo. Empeleni, uhlelo luhlanganisa izingxoxo ezi-3, isidlo sasemini kanye nezingxoxo ezi-2 ngaphezulu.
Inhlolokhono yokuqala
Ingxoxo yokuqala ibiku-Android nje. Futhi yayingahlangene nhlobo nama-algorithms nhlobo. Ukumangala, nokho. Awu, kulungile, kuvame kakhulu ngale ndlela. Sacelwa ukuthi senze ingxenye ethile ye-UI. Siqale saxoxa ngokuthi yini futhi kanjani. Wacela ukwenza isixazululo esebenzisa i-RxJava, wachaza ukuthi yini ngempela ayezokwenza nokuthi kungani. Bathe lokhu kuhle impela, kodwa ake sikwenze sisebenzisa uhlaka lwe-Android. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo sizobhala ikhodi ebhodini. Futhi hhayi nje ingxenye, kodwa wonke Umsebenzi osebenzisa le ngxenye. Yilokhu ebengingakakulungeli. Kuyinto eyodwa ukubhala i-algorithm yemigqa engu-30-50 ebhodini, futhi enye into ukubhala ama-noodle wekhodi ye-Android, ngisho nezifinyezo namazwana ngomoya wokuthi "kahle, ngeke ngikubhale lokho, njengoba sekuvele kusobala." Umphumela waba uhlobo oluthile lwe-vinaigrette yamabhodi ama-3. Labo. Ngiyixazulule inkinga, kodwa ibibukeka iyisimungulu.
Ingxoxo yesibili
Kulokhu inhlolokhono ibimayelana nama-algorithms. Futhi kwakukhona ezimbili interviewers. Omunye ungumxoxi wangempela, kanti owesibili yi-padawan encane (umhloli wethunzi). Bekudingeka ukuqhamuka nesakhiwo sedatha esinezakhiwo ezithile. Okokuqala, saxoxa ngenkinga njengenjwayelo. Ngabuza imibuzo ehlukene, ophendula imibuzo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, bacelwa ukuba babhale ebhodini izindlela eziningana zesakhiwo esasungulwa. Ngalesi sikhathi ngiphumelele kakhulu, nakuba nginamaphutha amancane, engiwalungisile ngomyalelo womxoxi.
Inombolo yesithathu yenhlolokhono
Kulokhu, i-System Design, okwavele kwavela ukuthi yi-Android. Kwakudingeka ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza olunomsebenzi othile. Sixoxisane ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza, iseva, nephrothokholi yokuxhumana. Okulandelayo, ngaqala ukuchaza ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye noma imitapo yolwazi engizoyisebenzisa lapho ngakha isicelo. Futhi-ke, lapho kukhulunywa ngoMhleli Womsebenzi, kwaba nokudideka okuthile. Iphuzu liwukuthi angikaze ngiyisebenzise ekusebenzeni, kusukela ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwayo ngangisanda kushintshela ekusekeleni izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ingekho imisebenzi yokusetshenziswa kwayo. Kwenzeka okufanayo lapho kuthuthukiswa abalandelayo. Okusho ukuthi, ngombono, ngiyazi ukuthi iyini le nto, isetshenziswa nini futhi kanjani, kodwa anginaso isipiliyoni sokuyisebenzisa. Futhi lowo owayebuza wayebonakala engayithandi kakhulu. Base bengicela ukuthi ngibhale ikhodi. Yebo, lapho uthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza udinga ngokushesha ukubhala ikhodi. Futhi ikhodi ye-Android ebhodini. Kwabuye kwasabisa.
Ukudla
Kwakufanele kufike omunye umuntu, kodwa akazange. Futhi i-Google yenza amaphutha. Ngenxa yalokho, ngaya esidlweni sasemini nalowo owayexoxa naye ngaphambili, uzakwabo, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana owalandelayo wangenela. Isidlo sasemini sasihloniphekile. Futhi, njengoba leli akulona ihhovisi elikhulu eZurich, igumbi lokudlela lalibukeka lijwayelekile, nakuba lilihle kakhulu.
Inhlolokhono yesine
Ekugcineni, ama-algorithms ngendlela yawo emsulwa. Ngixazulule inkinga yokuqala ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo, nakuba ngiphuthelwe icala elilodwa, kodwa ngokushesha kobuza imibuzo (unikeze leli cala eliwumphetho) ngathola inkinga futhi ngayilungisa. Yiqiniso, kwadingeka ngibhale ikhodi ebhodini. Kwabe sekunikezwa umsebenzi ofanayo, kodwa onzima kakhulu. Kuyo, ngithole izixazululo ezimbalwa ezingezona ezifanele futhi ngicishe ngathola esilungile, imizuzu emi-5-10 ibingenele ukuqeda umcabango. Hhayi-ke, angibanga naso isikhathi sokuyibhalela ikhodi.
Inhlolokhono inombolo yesihlanu
Futhi futhi inhlolokhono ye-Android. Ngiyazibuza ukuthi kungani ngifunde ama-algorithms unyaka wonke?
Ekuqaleni kwakunemibuzo embalwa elula. Umxoxi wabe esebhala ikhodi ebhodini futhi wacela ukuthola izinkinga kulo. Wayithola, wayichaza, wayilungisa. Kuxoxiwe. Bese kuthi eminye imibuzo ebingalindelekile iqale ngomoya othi “yenzani indlela Y ekilasini X”, “yini yangaphakathi indlela engu-Y”, “lenzani ikilasi Z”. Yiqiniso, ngiphendule okuthile, kodwa ngase ngithi angikaze ngihlangabezane nalokhu emsebenzini wami muva nje futhi ngokwemvelo angikhumbuli ukuthi ubani owenza ini futhi kanjani ngokuningiliziwe. Ngemva kwalokho, owayebuza imibuzo wabuza ukuthi ngenzeni manje. Futhi imibuzo yaqhubeka ngalesi sihloko. Sengivele ngiphendule kangcono kakhulu lapha.
Ngemva kokuphela kwenhlolokhono yokugcina, bathatha iphasi lami, bangifisela inhlanhla base bengihambisa endleleni. Ngazungeza idolobha kancane, ngadla isidlo sakusihlwa futhi ngaya ehhotela, lapho ngalala khona, njengoba indiza yayiphinde yasekuseni. Ngakusasa ngafika ngiphephile eCyprus. Ngesicelo somqashisi, ngabhala impendulo ngengxoxo futhi ngagcwalisa ifomu enkonzweni ekhethekile ukuze ngibuyisele imali esetshenzisiwe. Kuzo zonke izindleko, i-Google ikhokhela amathikithi ngokuqondile. Ihhotela, ukudla kanye nohambo kukhokhelwa ikhandidethi. Bese sigcwalisa ifomu, sinamathisele amarisidi bese siyithumela ehhovisi elikhethekile. Bacubungula lokhu futhi badlulisele imali ku-akhawunti ngokushesha.
Kuthathe isonto nesigamu ukucubungula imiphumela yenhlolokhono. Ngemva kwalokho ngatshelwa ukuthi “ngingaphansi kancane kwebha.” Okusho ukuthi, ngawa kancane. Ngokuqondile, izingxoxo ezi-2 zihambe kahle, ezi-2 azizange zilunge kangako, kanye ne-System Design ayihambi kahle kakhulu. Manje, uma okungenani i-3 ihambe kahle, besizokwazi ukuncintisana, ngaphandle kwalokho alikho ithuba. Bathembisa ukubuya ngomunye unyaka.
Ekuqaleni, ngangicasukile, ngoba kwakusetshenziswe umzamo omkhulu ekulungiseleleni, futhi ngesikhathi senhlolokhono ngase ngicabanga ngokushiya eCyprus. Ukujoyina i-Google nokuthuthela eSwitzerland kubonakale kuyinketho enhle.
isiphetho
Futhi lapha sifika engxenyeni yokugcina yesihloko. Yebo, ngihlulekile kabili ku-interview ye-Google. Kuyadabukisa. Cishe kungathakazelisa ukusebenza lapho. Kodwa, ungabheka udaba ngakolunye uhlangothi.
- Ngonyaka nengxenye, ngafunda inani elikhulu lezinto ezihlobene nokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe.
- Bekungijabulisa kakhulu ukuhlanganyela emiqhudelwaneni yezinhlelo.
- Ngaya eZurich izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngizoya nini futhi lapho?
- Ngibe nesipiliyoni senhlolokhono esithokozisayo kwenye yezinkampani ezinkulu ze-IT emhlabeni.
Ngakho, konke okwenzeka phakathi nalonyaka nengxenye kungamane kubhekwe njengokuqeqeshwa, noma ukuqeqeshwa. Futhi imiphumela yalokhu kuqeqeshwa yabenza bazizwa. Umqondo wami wokushiya i-Cyprus uvuthiwe (ngenxa yezimo ezithile zomndeni), ngiphumelele izingxoxo eziningana nenye inkampani eyaziwa kakhulu futhi ngahamba ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-8. Kodwa leyo indaba ehluke ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi kusafanele ngibonge i-Google ngonyaka nengxenye engizisebenzele yona, nangezinsuku ezi-2 ezithokozisayo eZurich.
Ngingathini ekugcineni? Uma usebenza ku-IT, zilungiselele izingxoxo e-Google (Amazon, Microsoft, Apple, njll.). Mhlawumbe ngelinye ilanga uzoya lapho ukuze ufike khona. Ngisho noma ungafuni, ngikholwe, ukulungiselela okunjalo ngeke kukwenze ube mubi nakakhulu. Ngesikhathi uqaphela ukuthi ungakwazi (ngisho noma ngenhlanhla kuphela) uthole inhlolokhono nenye yalezi zinkampani, imigwaqo eminingi izovulelwa wena kunangaphambi kokuba uqale ukulungiselela kwakho. Futhi konke okudingayo endleleni injongo, ukuphikelela kanye nesikhathi. Ngikufisela impumelelo :)
Source: www.habr.com