Disclaimer: Lesi sihloko saqalwa emuva ehlobo. Esikhathini esingeside esidlule, kwakunenqwaba yezihloko ezikhuluma ngesihloko sokuthola umsebenzi phesheya nokuthutha. Ngamunye wabo wanikeza isinqe sami ukusheshisa. Okugcine kungiphoqe ukuthi nginqobe ubuvila bami ngihlale phansi ngibhale, noma ngiqedele esinye isihloko. Ezinye zezinto zingaphinda izindatshana zabanye ababhali, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, wonke umuntu unabo omaka bakhe.
Ngakho-ke, nansi ingxenye yesithathu, futhi okwamanje okokugcina, mayelana nezigigaba zomhleli we-parrot wolahleko. IN Ngahamba ngayohlala nokusebenza eCyprus. Ku Ngazama ukuthola umsebenzi kwa-Google futhi ngathuthela eSwitzerland. Engxenyeni yesithathu (lesi), ngathola umsebenzi futhi ngathuthela eNetherlands. Ngizosho zisuka nje ukuthi ngeke kube khona okuningi mayelana nokusesha umsebenzi, njengoba empeleni wawungekho. Ngokuyinhloko kuzoba ngokuzinza nokuhlala eNetherlands. Kubandakanya mayelana nezingane nokuthenga indlu, engazange ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ezihlokweni zakamuva zabanye abalobi.
Ukusesha kukaJobe
Isihloko sokugcina kulolu chungechunge (obengacabanga eminyakeni engu-4 edlule ukuthi kuzoba nesikhathi esanele sochungechunge lonke) siphelile mina kanye ne-Google silahlekile njengeplywood neParis. Empeleni, akekho kithi owalahlekelwa okuningi kulokhu. Uma i-Google ibingifuna ngempela, bengizoba lapho. Uma ngempela bengidinga ukuya ku-Google, bengizoba lapho. Nokho, kwaba njalo. Njengoba sekushiwo lapho, umqondo wakhula ekhanda lami wokuthi ngenxa yezizathu eziningi kwadingeka ngihambe eCyprus.
Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka ukunquma ukuthi uzothuthela kuphi ngokulandelayo. Okokuqala, ngaqhubeka nokuqapha izikhala zemisebenzi eSwitzerland. Azikho izikhala eziningi lapho, ikakhulukazi zonjiniyela be-Android. Ungakwazi, yebo, ukuqeqesha kabusha, kodwa lokhu ukulahlekelwa yimali. Futhi amaholo ngisho onjiniyela Abakhulu abangekho kwa-Google ayibavumeli ukuthi bajabule kakhulu lapho uma benomndeni. Akuzona zonke izinkampani ezimagange ukuletha abasebenzi abavela emazweni angalawuleki (hhayi iSwitzerland noma i-European Union). Izabelo kanye nokuhlupheka okuningi. Ngokuvamile, njengoba sasingatholanga lutho olufanelekela ukunakwa, mina nomkami sasididwe ukufuna izwe elisha elalizokhethwa. Ngandlela-thile kwavela ukuthi iNetherlands yayiwukuphela kwekhandidethi.
Kunezikhala ezingcono lapha. Kukhona okunikezwayo okuningi futhi azikho izinkinga ezikhethekile ngokubhaliswa, uma inkampani inikeza ukuthutha ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-kennismigrant, okungukuthi, uchwepheshe oqeqeshwe kakhulu. Ngemva kokubheka izikhala, ngahlala enkampanini eyodwa, lapho nganquma khona ukuzama. Ngibheke izikhala ku-LinkedIn, i-Glassdoor, izinjini zokusesha zasendaweni kanye namawebhusayithi ezinkampani ezinkulu engangiwazi amahhovisi azo e-Netherlands. Inqubo yokujoyina inkampani yayinezigaba eziningana: i-interview nomqashi, ukuhlolwa kwe-inthanethi, ingxoxo ye-inthanethi enekhodi yokubhala kumhleli othile we-inthanethi, uhambo oluya e-Amsterdam kanye nenhlolokhono ngqo enkampanini (2 technical kanye 2 ukukhuluma ). Ngokushesha ngemva kokubuya e-Amsterdam, umqaphi wangithinta futhi wathi inkampani isikulungele ukungithembisa. Eqinisweni, ngisho nangaphambi kwalokhu, nganikezwa ulwazi mayelana nalokho inkampani eyayikunikeza, ngakho-ke umnikelo wawuqukethe imininingwane ethile kuphela. Njengoba lesi sipho sasisihle impela, kwanqunywa ukuba isamukele futhi siqale ukulungiselela ukuthutha.
Ilungiselela ukunyakaza
Nansi imodeli kagandaganda ecishe ikhethekile, ngakho angazi ukuthi ulwazi oluvela kule ngxenye luzoba usizo kangakanani. Idatha yokuqala. Umndeni wabantu abangu-5, abadala abangu-2 kanye nezingane ezintathu, ababili babo bazalelwa eCyprus. Kanye nekati. Nesitsha sezinto. Njengokulindelekile, sasiseKhupro ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuze ufinyelele eNetherlands bese uthola imvume yokuhlala (imvume yokuhlala, verblijfstittel) udinga i-visa ye-MVV (okungenani izakhamuzi zamazwe amaningi). Ungayithola ku-embassy noma i-consulate, kodwa hhayi kuwo wonke umuntu. Okuhlekisayo ukuthi eCyprus, i-visa ye-Schengen yohambo oluya eNetherlands itholakala ku-Embassy yaseJalimane, kodwa kakade benza i-MVV ngokwabo. Ngendlela, i-visa eya eSwitzerland itholakala ku-Embassy yase-Austrian. Kodwa konke lokhu ngamazwi. Njengoba ngike ngasho, ungathola i-visa ehhovisi lenxusa, kodwa udinga ukufaka isicelo ... eNetherlands. Kodwa konke akukubi kangako, lokhu kungenziwa inkampani exhasa lolu hambo. Empeleni, yilokho kanye okwenziwa yinkampani - yafakela mina nomndeni wami amadokhumenti. Okunye okubalulekile ukuthi sanquma ukuthi ngiqale ngiye e-Amsterdam ngedwa nekati, futhi umndeni wawuzoya eRussia inyanga yonke ngomsebenzi, ukuyobona izihlobo, futhi ngokuvamile kuzoba nokuzola.
Ngakho-ke, imibhalo yabonisa ukuthi ngangithola i-visa eCyprus, futhi umkhaya wakithi wawuseRussia, eSt. Ukuthola kwenzeka ngezigaba ezi-2. Okokuqala udinga ukulinda kuze kube yilapho i-Dutch Immigration Service inikeza imvume yokukhipha i-visa futhi inikeze nephepha lalokhu. Ngokuphrinta kwalesi siqeshana sephepha, udinga ukuya enxusa futhi ubanikeze kanye nepasipoti yakho, isicelo nezithombe (ngendlela, bakhetha kakhulu izithombe). Bakuthatha konke, futhi ngemva kwamasonto angu-1-2 babuyisela ipasipoti yakho ne-visa. Ngale visa ungangena eNetherlands phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3 kusukela ngosuku eyakhishwa ngalo. Iphepha elikhishwe yi-IND (isevisi yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe), ngendlela, lisebenza izinyanga ezi-3.
Yimiphi imibhalo edingekayo ukuze uthole leli pheshana eliyigugu? Basibuza (konke ngama-elekthronikhi): ama-passport, izicelo ezimbalwa ezigcwalisiwe (ezithi asizange senze noma yibuphi ubugebengu nokuthi ngangizoba umxhasi womkhaya, kanye nenkampani yami), imvume yaseCyprus (ukuze sikwazi thatha i-visa lapho), umshado kanye nezitifiketi zokuzalwa ezisemthethweni futhi ezihunyushwe. Futhi lapha isilwane sasenyakatho esinoboya sacishe sisithintithela umsila. Wonke amaphepha ethu kwakungesiRashiya. Isitifiketi somshado kanye nesinye sezitifiketi zakhishwa eRussia, kanti ezimbili eNxusa LaseRussia eCyprus. Futhi ngeke baphoswe, ngokoqobo nhlobo. Sifunda inqwaba yamadokhumenti. Kwavela ukuthi ungathola izimpinda kusukela ehhovisi lokubhalisa laseMoscow kungobo yomlando. Bangaphostolwa. Kodwa imibhalo ayifiki lapho ngokushesha. Nesitifiketi somntwana omncane asikafiki lapho. Baqala ukubuza inkampani ehlela ukuhanjiswa kwemibhalo mayelana nezinye izinketho zomthetho (isikhathi eside, esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi esibuhlungu), kodwa abazange bancome nhlobo. Kodwa batusa ukuzama ukuthola izitifiketi zokuzalwa zaseCyprus. Asizange sizenze, ngoba sasebenzisa isiRashiya esasithola ehhovisi lenxusa. Abantu baseCyprus babengakudingi ukuhlubuka kusukela umntwana wazalelwa eCyprus. Saya kwamasipala sabuza ukuthi singazithola yini izitifiketi zokuzalwa ezimbalwa. Basibheka ngamehlo amakhulu bathi nakuba kwakukhona isiRashiya, kwakufanele sithole indawo lapho kubhaliswa ukuzalwa. Kodwa nathi asikwenzanga lokho. Ngemva kokuxoxisana, satshelwa ukuthi sesingakwenza manje, kwakudingeka sikhokhe imali emisiwe futhi sinikeze nezincwadi ezidingekayo. Hurray, into enkulu, inhlawulo.
- By the way, yimiphi imibhalo edingekayo?
- Nezitifiketi ezivela esibhedlela sokubeletha.
Izitifiketi zinikezwa ngenani lesiqephu esisodwa. Futhi bayathathwa uma kukhishwa isitifiketi sokuzalwa. Eyethu yathathwa ehhovisi lenxusa laseRussia. Ibhadi.
- Uyazi, izitifiketi zethu zalahleka. Mhlawumbe uzokwaneliseka ngekhophi egunyazwe isibhedlela (sithathe ezimbalwa zazo uma kwenzeka).
- Hhayi-ke, akufanele neze, kodwa masikwenze.
Yingakho ngithanda iCyprus, abantu lapha bahlale bekulungele ukusiza omakhelwane babo, nalabo abakude nabo. Ngokuvamile, sazithola izitifiketi futhi kwakungadingeki ukuba sizihumushe, njengoba kwakunombhalo wesiNgisi. Amadokhumenti ngesiNgisi amukelwe noma kunjalo. Kuphinde kwaba nenkinga ngemibhalo yesiRashiya, kodwa ibincane. I-Apostille kumadokhumenti akumele ibe mdala kunezinyanga eziyisithupha. Yebo, lokhu kuwumbhedo, mhlawumbe akulungile futhi akuwona neze ngokusho kwe-Feng Shui, kodwa sasingekho isidingo sokufakazela lokhu ukude futhi kubambezele inqubo yesifiso nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, sicele izihlobo eRussia ukuthi zithole izimpinda nge-proxy futhi zinamathisele ama-apostille kuzo. Kodwa-ke, akwanele emibhalweni ye-apostille; futhi idinga ukuhunyushwa. Futhi e-Netherlands abathembi ukuhumusha kunoma ubani, futhi bakhetha ukuhunyushwa okuvela kubahumushi basendaweni abafungelwe. Yebo, besingase sihambe ngendlela evamile futhi senze ukuhumusha eRussia, sigunyazwe ngummeli, kodwa sanquma ukuya enyakatho futhi senze ukuhumusha kwenziwe ngumhumushi ofungelwe. Umhumushi watuswa kithi yihhovisi elasilungiselela imibhalo. Samthinta, sathola amanani, sathumela ama-scans amadokhumenti. Wenze ukuhumusha, wathumela amaskena nge-imeyili namaphepha asemthethweni anezitembu njengenjwayelo. Kulapho kwaphelela khona izigigaba ezinemibhalo.
Kwakungekho zinkinga ezikhethekile ngezinto. Sanikezwa inkampani yemikhumbi kanye nomkhawulo ezintweni zesitsha solwandle esisodwa ngamamitha angu-40 (cishe ama-cubic metres angu-68). Inkampani yaseDutch yasixhumanisa nozakwethu eCyprus. Basisize ukuba sigcwalise amadokhumenti, alinganisela ukuthi ukupakishwa kwakuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi izinto zizothatha umthamo ongakanani. Ngosuku olumisiwe bafika abantu abangu-2, kwadilizwa yonke into yapakishwa yalayishwa. Engangikwazi ukukwenza kwakuwukukhafula ophahleni. Ngendlela, yayiminyene esitsheni esingamamitha angama-20 (cishe ama-cubic metres angama-30).
Konke kwahamba kahle nekati. Njengoba indiza yayingaphakathi kwe-European Union, bekudingekile kuphela ukubuyekeza imigomo kanye nokuthola ipasipoti yaseYurophu yesilwane. Konke kuhlangene kuthathe isigamu sehora. Akekho owayenesithakazelo ekatini noma kuphi esikhumulweni sezindiza. Uma uletha isilwane esivela eRussia, khona-ke konke kuthakazelisa kakhulu futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthola iphepha elikhethekile esikhumulweni sezindiza saseRussia, ukwazisa isikhumulo sezindiza ngokufika mayelana nokufika nesilwane (esimweni saseCyprus, okungenani), nokukhipha amaphepha esilwane esikhumulweni sezindiza sokufika.
Ngemva kokuba umkhaya undiza waya eRussia futhi izinto sezithunyelwe, okwasala kwakuwukuqeda lonke ibhizinisi eCyprus futhi ulungiselele ukuhamba.
Ukuhamba
Ukunyakaza kwahamba kahle, omunye angase athi banal. Inkampani ilungiselele konke kusenesikhathi: ithikithi lendiza, itekisi esuka esikhumulweni sezindiza, ifulethi eliqashiwe. Ngakho ngavele ngagibela indiza eCyprus, ngehla eNetherlands, ngathola isitendi samatekisi, esibizwa ngemoto ekhokhelwa kusengaphambili, ngaya endlini engangiyiqashile, ngathatha izikhiye zayo ngase ngilala. Futhi yebo, konke lokhu, ngaphandle kokuhamba ngo-4 ekuseni. Ukuba nekati ngokuqinisekile kwenezela ekuzijabuliseni, kodwa lokhu kwakungesona isikhathi sokuqala lapho ehamba khona futhi akuzange kubangele izinkinga ezithile. Kube nengxoxo ehlekisayo nonogada basemngceleni:
— Sawubona, uhlala nathi isikhathi eside?
- Hhayi-ke, angazi, mhlawumbe isikhathi eside, mhlawumbe kuze kube phakade.
- (amehlo amakhulu, aphenye ngepasipoti) Ahh, une-MVV, hhayi i-visa yabavakashi. Siyakwamukela, ngokulandelayo.
Njengoba ngike ngasho, akekho owayenesithakazelo ekatini futhi kwakungekho muntu emhubheni obomvu. Futhi ngokujwayelekile ngalesi sikhathi bambalwa kakhulu abasebenzi esikhumulweni sezindiza. Ngesikhathi ngibheka lapho ikati likhishwe khona ngokujwayelekile, ngathola isisebenzi se-KLM kuphela ekhawuntani, kodwa wangitshela konke ngokuningiliziwe, nakuba ngangingandiza nenkampani yabo.
Ngemva kokufika, udinga ukwenza izinto eziningana, kuhle ukunakekela lokhu kusengaphambili. Endabeni yami, inkampani yenza lokhu (inakekele ukuqokwa ezinhlanganweni ezihlukahlukene). Futhi ngakho-ke kuyadingeka:
- thola i-BSN (Burgerservicenummer). Lena inombolo kamazisi eyinhloko e-Netherlands. Ngenze lokhu ku , ngaphambilini eyayaziwa ngokuthi Isikhungo Se-Expat. Kuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-20.
- thola imvume yokuhlala (verblijfstittel). Kwenziwa endaweni efanayo, cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lona idokhumenti eyinhloko ye-expat. Kunconywa ukuthi uyiphathe futhi ubeke ipasipoti yakho kude. Isibonelo, lapho sifika ukuzokwenza ngokusemthethweni ukuthengwa kwendlu futhi silethe ama-passports, basibheka njengokungathi singabantu abangajwayelekile futhi bathi abasebenzi nalokhu, kuphela ngemibhalo yesiDashi, i.e. kithi ngezimvume.
- bhalisa e-gemeente Amsterdam (noma enye uma ungekho e-Amsterdam). Lokhu kuyinto efana nokubhalisa. Izintela, izinsizakalo ezinikeziwe nezinye izinto zizoncika ekubhaliseni kwakho. Kwenziwa futhi endaweni efanayo nangesamba esifanayo.
- vula i-akhawunti yasebhange. Imali ayisetshenziswa kaningi e-Netherlands, ngakho ukuba ne-akhawunti yasebhange nekhadi kuyinto efiseleka kakhulu. Lokhu kwenziwa egatsheni lasebhange. Futhi ngesikhathi esihlelwe ngaphambili. Kwathatha isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngathatha umshuwalense wesikweletu. Into edume kakhulu lapha. Uma ngephutha ngephula okuthile, inkampani yomshwalense izoyikhokhela. Kuthinta wonke umndeni, okuyinto ewusizo kakhulu uma unezingane. I-akhawunti ingabiwa. Kulokhu, abashadile bangayisebenzisa ngokulinganayo, kokubili mayelana nokugcwalisa nokuhoxiswa kwemali. Ungafaka isicelo sekhadi lesikweletu, njengoba amakhadi asetshenziswa lapha amakhadi edebithi e-Maestro futhi awukwazi ukukhokha ngawo ku-inthanethi. Akumele uzihluphe futhi udale i-akhawunti nge-Revolute noma i-N26.
- thenga i-SIM khadi yendawo. Banginika elilodwa lapho ngiqeda wonke amaphepha. Bekuyi-SIM ekhokhelwa ngaphambili evela ku-opharetha waseLebara. Ngayisebenzisa unyaka kwaze kwaba yilapho beqala ukukhokhisa imali engaziwa ngezingcingo nethrafikhi. Ngabakhafulela ngaya enkontilekeni neTele2.
- thola izindlu eziqashisayo ezihlala unomphela. Njengoba inkampani inikeze isikhathi sesikhashana kuphela izinyanga ezingu-1.5, kwakudingeka ukuthi uqale ngokushesha ukufuna unomphela, ngenxa yenjabulo enkulu. Ngizobhala okuningi esigabeni mayelana nezindlu.
Empeleni, yilokho kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ungaphila futhi usebenze ngokuthula eNetherlands. Ngokwemvelo, udinga ukuphinda zonke izinqubo zomndeni. Kwathatha isikhathi eside, njengoba kunokungqubuzana okuthile emibhalweni, futhi ngesizathu esithile babengakayikhiphi imvume yengane encane. Kodwa ekugcineni, yonke into yaxazululwa khona lapho, futhi ngamane ngadlula ukuze ngithole imvume kamuva.
Ukuphila eNetherlands
Sesihlale lapha isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, phakathi naso siye saqoqa imibono eminingi ngempilo yalapha, engizokwabelana ngayo ngokuqhubekayo.
Isimo sezulu
Isimo sezulu lapha sibi ngokusesilinganisweni. Kodwa kungcono kunalokho, ngokwesibonelo, eSt. Ngokwezinga elithile, singasho ukuthi kungcono kunaseCyprus.
Izinzuzo zesimo sezulu zihlanganisa ukungabi khona kwezinguquko ezinkulu zokushisa. Ngokuyisisekelo izinga lokushisa lilenga endaweni ethile phakathi kuka-10 no-20 degrees. Ehlobo ihamba ngaphezu kwama-20, kodwa akuvamile ukuba ibe ngaphezu kuka-30. Ebusika iyehla ibe ngu-0, kodwa akuvamile ukuba ibe ngezansi. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo esithile sezingubo zonyaka ezahlukene. Ngachitha unyaka ngigqoke izingubo ezifanayo, ngishintsha inani lezingubo engangizigqokile. ECyprus, lokhu kwakufana ngokuyisisekelo, kodwa kwakushisa kakhulu lapho ehlobo. Noma sicabanga ukuthi ungahamba ugqoke isudi yokugeza. E-St. Petersburg, isethi ehlukile yezingubo iyadingeka ebusika.
Ububi buhlanganisa imvula evame kakhulu kanye nemimoya enamandla. Ezimweni eziningi ziyahlanganiswa, bese imvula ina cishe ngokufana nomhlabathi, okwenza isambulela singabi namsebenzi. Nokho, ngisho noma ingaletha inzuzo ethile, izomane iphulwe umoya, uma ingeyona imodeli ekhethekile. Lapho umoya unamandla, amagatsha ezihlahla namabhayisikili angaboshiwe kahle kundiza kudlule. Akunconywa ukuphuma endlini esimweni sezulu esinjalo.
Njengesakhamuzi saseSt. Petersburg, ngokuvamile ngijwayele lesi simo sezulu, ngakho angizwani nokucasuka okukhulu ngenxa yokuba khona kwaso.
umsebenzi
Ziningi impela izikhala ze-IT lapha, eziningi kakhulu kunaseCyprus naseSwitzerland, kodwa mhlawumbe zincane kunaseJalimane nase-UK. Kunezinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe, kukhona ezimaphakathi, kukhona zakuleli, kukhona eziqalayo. Ngokuvamile, kukhona okwanele wonke umuntu. Kukhona kokubili imisebenzi ehlala njalo neyenkontileka. Uma uvela kwelinye izwe, kungcono ukhethe inkampani enkulu. Izimo zakhe zivame ukuba zinhle, futhi njengomuntu ofudukayo uzokubhalisa, futhi bangakunikeza inkontileka evulekile. Ngokuvamile, kuningi okumnandi. Ububi bujwayelekile ekusebenzeni enkampanini enkulu. Uma usunayo imvume ehlala njalo noma ipasipoti, ungadlala ngokukhetha. Izinkampani eziningi nazo zidinga ulwazi lwesiDashi, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukusebenza ezinkampanini ezincane futhi mhlawumbe eziphakathi nendawo.
Ulimi
Ulimi olusemthethweni yisiDashi. Kufana nesiJalimane. Angisazi isiJalimane, ngakho kimi sifana nesiNgisi. Kulula kakhulu ukufunda, kodwa hhayi kakhulu ekubizeni nasekuqondeni kokulalela. Ngokuvamile, ulwazi ngakho akudingekile. Ezimweni eziningi, uzokwazi ukudlula ngesiNgisi. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ingxube yesiNgisi nesiDashi esiyisisekelo. Angikakwenzi ukuhlolwa okwamanje, kodwa kuzwakala sengathi ngemva nje konyaka ngifunda isigamu sehora ngosuku, izinga lisendaweni ethile phakathi kwe-A1 ne-A2. Labo. Ngazi amagama ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, ngingasho ngokuvamile engikudingayo, kodwa ngiyamqonda okhuluma naye kuphela uma ekhuluma kancane, ngokucacile nangokulula. Ingane (iminyaka engu-8 ubudala) esikoleni solimi ezinyangeni ezingu-9 yafunda ukukhuluma kahle ngokwanele.
Indawo yokuhlala
Ngakolunye uhlangothi yonke into iyadabukisa, ngakolunye uhlangothi yonke into inkulu. Kubuhlungu ngerenti. Zimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo; zithengisa njengamakhekhe ashisayo futhi zibiza imali eningi. Ukuqasha okuthile e-Amsterdam komndeni kubiza kakhulu. Indawo ezungezile ingcono, kodwa namanje ayinkulu. Saqasha indlu ngonyaka odlule ngama-euro angu-1550, amakhilomitha angu-30 ukusuka e-Amsterdam. Lapho siyishiya, umnikazi wayo ubeyiqashisela ngo-1675. Uma uthanda, kukhona iwebhusayithi. , lapho, ngombono wami, cishe yonke indawo ethengiswayo eNetherlands idlula, kokubili mayelana nokuqashwa kanye nokuthenga / ukudayiswa. Lapho ungabona ithegi yentengo yamanje. Ozakwethu abahlala e-Amsterdam bahlale bekhala ngokuthi abanikazi bezindlu bazama ukubakhohlisa ngazo zonke izindlela. Ungakwazi ukulwa nalokhu, futhi ngokomthetho kuyasebenza, kodwa kubiza isikhathi nezinzwa.
Ngokucabangela konke lokhu okungenhla, labo abahlela ukuhlala lapha bathenga indlu ene-mortgage. Ukuthola imali yokuboleka kanye nenqubo yokuthenga kulula kakhulu. Futhi lokho kuyinto enkulu. Amathegi amanani awajabulile neze futhi akhula njalo, kodwa asengaphansi kunalapho uqasha.
Ukuze uthole imali yokuthenga indlu, cishe uzodinga ukuhlangabezana nemibandela ethile. Ibhange ngalinye linemibandela yalo. Ngokombono wami, kwakudingeka ngibe nesimo se-kennismigrant futhi ngihlale eNetherlands izinyanga eziyisithupha. Empeleni, ungenza konke ngokwakho, mayelana nokukhetha ibhange, i-mortgage, ukuthola indlu, njll. Ungasebenzisa izinsizakalo ze-mortgage broker (umuntu ozokusiza ukhethe ibhange elifanele kanye ne-mortgage futhi uhlele yonke into), umthengisi wezindlu (umdayisi, umuntu ozokusiza ukuthi ufune indlu futhi uyihlele) noma i-ejensi yokuthenga izindlu. Sikhethe inketho yesithathu. Sithinte ibhange ngqo, lasichazela yonke into mayelana nemibandela yemali ebolekiwe, lasitshela nesamba semali abazosinikeza. Bangaphinde banikeze iseluleko se-mortgage ngemali eyengeziwe, i.e. ngikutshele ukuthi ungayihlela kanjani imali ebolekiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhona, yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona, njll. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwe-mortgage lapha luhluke kancane. I-mortgage ngokwayo ingeyeminyaka engama-30. Kodwa izinga lenzalo lingalungiswa ngenani leminyaka elinqunyiwe, ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-30. Uma u-0, khona-ke liyantanta futhi lishintsha njalo. Uma ina-30, mude kunabo bonke. Lapho siyithatha, izinga lokuntanta lalingamaphesenti amabili okuthize, iminyaka engu-2 lalicishe libe ngamaphesenti angu-30, futhi iminyaka engu-4.5 lalicishe libe ngamaphesenti amabili. Uma isilinganiso sasinqunyelwe isikhathi esingaphansi kweminyaka engama-10, khona-ke ngemva kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kuyodingeka ukuthi silungise futhi isikhathi esithile noma sishintshele ekuntanteni. Kulokhu, i-mortgage inganqunywa ibe yizicucu. Ngengxenye ngayinye, ungalungisa izinga lesikhathi esithile. Futhi, engxenyeni ngayinye, izinkokhelo zingaba yimali yonyaka noma zihlukaniswe. Ekuqaleni, ibhange livele linikeze ulwazi lokuqala kanye nemvume yokuqala. Azikho izinkontileka nanoma yini enye okwamanje.
Ngemva kwebhange, sisanda kuphendukela enkampanini egxile ekusisizeni ukuba sithole izindlu. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukuxhuma umthengi nazo zonke izinsizakalo azidingayo. Konke kuqala ngomthengisi. Njengoba ngishilo kakade, ungakwenza ngaphandle kwayo, kodwa kungcono ngayo. Umthengisi omuhle uyazi ama-hack ambalwa angakusiza ukuthi uthole ikhaya olifunayo. Uyabazi nabanye abathengisi adlala nabo igalofu noma into efanayo. Bangavuza imininingwane ethokozisayo komunye nomunye. Kunezinketho ezahlukene zosizo oluvela kumthengisi. Sakhetha leyo thina ngokwethu esibheka kuyo izindlu ezisithakaselayo, futhi uyeza azoyibona lapho eyicela futhi uma sesilungele ukuqhubeka, uthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo. Indlela elula yokusesha izindlu ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi efanayo - funda.nl. Ngokushesha noma kamuva, abaningi bazofika lapho. Sibheke endlini izinyanga ezi-2. Sibheke izindlu ezingamakhulu ambalwa kuwebhusayithi, futhi savakashela ishumi nambili noma kunjalo. Kulezi, ezi-4 noma ezi-5 zibukeke ne-ejenti. Ukubheja kwafakwa kokukodwa, futhi ngenxa yokugebenga okungcolile kwe-ejenti, kwawinwa. Angikakhulumi ngokubhejwa? Kodwa ngeze, okwamanje lokhu kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenqubo yokuthenga. Izindlu zinikezwa ngentengo yokubhida (empeleni ibhidi yokuqala). Bese kwenzeka into efana nendali evaliwe. Wonke umuntu ofuna ukuthenga indlu unikeza intengo yakhe. Okuncane kungenzeka, kodwa ezimweni zamanje amathuba okuthunyelwa asondele ku-100%. Kungaba ngaphezulu. Futhi yilapho ubumnandi buqala khona. Okokuqala, udinga ukwazi ukuthi kunenkambiso yokuthi "okuphakeme" kuwo wonke amadolobha. E-Amsterdam lokhu kungaba kalula +40 euros enanini lokuqala. Edolobheni lethu kukhona kusukela ezinkulungwaneni ezimbalwa kuya ku-000 20. Okwesibili, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi bangaki abanye abafake izicelo nokuthi bangakanani ngokweqile, i.e. babheja kangakanani? Okwesithathu, ibhange linikeza i-mortgage kuphela inani lenani elilinganisiwe lendlu. Futhi ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngemva. Labo. uma indlu isohlwini luka-000K, ibhidi kuyo ingu-100K, bese ilinganiselwa ku-140K, kuzodingeka ukhokhe u-120K ephaketheni lakho. Umenzeli wethu wasebenzisa iqhinga elivela kunqolobane yakhe, ngakho wakwazi ukuthola ukuthi bangaki abantu ngaphandle kwethu ababefake amabhidi endlini nokuthi yimaphi amabhidi. Ngakho-ke okwakudingeka sikwenze nje ukubeka ukubheja okuphezulu. Nakulokhu, ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe nokuhlola isimo endaweni, wacabanga ukuthi isilinganiso sethu sizongena kahle esilinganisweni, futhi waqagela kahle, ngakho kwakungadingeki sikhokhe okuthile okwengeziwe. Eqinisweni, izinga eliphezulu akuyona yonke into. Abanikazi bezindlu baphinde bahlole amanye amapharamitha.
Isibonelo, uma othile elungele ukukhokha yonke imali ephaketheni lakhe, futhi omunye enemali mboleko, khona-ke cishe bazokhetha umuntu onemali, ngaphandle uma umehluko kumanani mncane. Uma bobabili benemali yokubolekwa kwempahla, khona-ke ukukhetha kuzonikezwa lowo olungele ukwenqaba ukuphula inkontileka uma ibhange linganiki i-mortgage (ngizochaza kamuva). Ngemuva kwesicelo esiwinile, kulandelwa izinto ezintathu: ukusayina inkontileka yokuthenga indlu, ukuhlolwa kwendlu (umbiko wezindleko zokulinganisa) kanye nokuhlolwa kwesimo sendlu (umbiko wokwakha). Sengike ngakhuluma ngokuhlolwa. Kwenziwa i-ejensi ezimele futhi kukhombisa ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi inani langempela lendlu. Ukuhlolwa kwekhaya kuhlonza amaphutha esakhiwo futhi kunikeza isilinganiso sezindleko zokuwalungisa. Nokho, inkontileka imane iyisivumelwano sokuthenga nokudayiswa. Ngemva kokuyisayina, akukho ukubuyela emuva, ngaphandle kwama-nuances ambalwa. Esokuqala sichazwa ngumthetho futhi sinikeza izinsuku zokusebenza ezi-3 zokucabanga (isikhathi esipholile). Ngalesi sikhathi, ungashintsha umqondo wakho ngaphandle kwemiphumela. Owesibili uhlobene ne-mortgages.
Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, konke ukuxhumana kwangaphambilini nebhange kumane nje kuwulwazi. Kodwa manje, unesivumelwano esandleni, ungeza ebhange futhi uthi, “nginike imali.” Ngifuna le ndlu ngalolo hlobo lwemali. Ibhange lithatha isikhathi ukucabanga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungase kuvele ukuthi isivumelwano sokuthenga nokuthengisa sidinga idiphozi yokuphepha engu-10%. Ungakwazi futhi ukucela ebhange. Ngemva kokuxoxisana, ibhange lingase lithi liyavumelana nakho konke, noma liyithumele kude. Endabeni yokuthumela ngehlathi, isigatshana esikhethekile singase sibekwe esivumelwaneni, esiphinde sivumele ukuthi unqamule inkontileka ngokungenabuhlungu. Uma singekho isigatshana esinjalo, ibhange linqabile i-mortgage futhi ungenayo imali yakho, khona-ke kuzodingeka ukhokhe nje leyo 10%.
Ngemva kokuthola imvume evela ebhange, futhi mhlawumbe nangaphambili, udinga ukuthola ummeli olungisa izivumelwano ukuze enze umsebenzi ngokusemthethweni kanye nomhumushi ofungelwe. I-ejensi yethu yasenzela konke lokhu, kuhlanganise nokuhlola. Ngemva kokuthola i-notary, udinga ukunikeza lonke ulwazi mayelana nokuthengiselana, kuhlanganise nazo zonke izinhlobo zama-invoyisi namadokhumenti. I-notary ifingqa inani futhi isho ukuthi ingakanani imali ayidingayo ukuze idlulise. Ibhange liphinde lidlulisele imali ku-notary. Ngosuku olumisiwe, umthengi, umdayisi kanye nomhumushi bahlangana ku-notary, bafunde inkontileka, basayine, banikeze okhiye bese behamba. I-notary iqhuba ukuthengiselana ngamarejista, yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi yonke into ihlelekile futhi ubunikazi bendlu (futhi mhlawumbe umhlaba, kuye ngokuthi ithengiwe) idluliselwe, bese idlulisela imali kubo bonke abathintekayo. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, inqubo yokuhlola ikhaya iyenzeka. Yilokho kuphela. Kuyajabulisa. Ukuba khona komuntu siqu kwakudingeka kuphela lapho ubuka izindlu, usayina inkontileka (i-ejenti yayiletha endlini yethu) futhi uvakashela i-notary. Konke okunye kwenziwa ngefoni noma nge-imeyili. Khona-ke, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kufika incwadi evela ebhukwini, eqinisekisa iqiniso lobunikazi.
ezokuthutha
Konke kuhamba kahle ngezokuthutha. Kuningi futhi kusebenza ngesikhathi esimisiwe. Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikuvumela ukuthi uhlele imizila futhi uqaphe isimo. Ngesikhathi ngihlala lapha angisizwanga isidingo sokuba nemoto. Mhlawumbe kwezinye izimo lokhu kungaba kuhle, kodwa uma bekudingeka ngempela, khona-ke lawa macala angahlanganiswa ngokuqasha noma ukwabelana ngemoto. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuthutha izitimela namabhasi. E-Amsterdam (futhi mhlawumbe namanye amadolobha amakhulu) kunezitimela ezihamba ngaphansi kanye namathilamu.
Kukhona izitimela ezijwayelekile (Sprinter) kanye nezitimela zasemadolobheni (InterCity). Abokuqala bama esiteshini ngasinye, bangakwazi futhi ukuma kwezinye iziteshi bese belinda omunye umgijimi ukuze ahlele ukudluliswa. Imigwaqo isuka edolobheni iye kwelinye ngaphandle kokuma. Umehluko wesikhathi ungabonakala impela. Kungithatha imizuzu engu-30-40 ukufika ekhaya ngomsubathi, nge-intercity engu-20. Akhona namazwe ngamazwe, kodwa angikaze ngiwasebenzise.
Kukhona futhi amabhasi e-intracity, intercity kanye namazwe ngamazwe. Ama-trams adume kakhulu e-Amsterdam. Lapho ngihlala efulethini elinikezwe inkampani, ngangivame ukuzisebenzisa.
Ngisebenzisa i-metro nsuku zonke. Kukhona imigqa emi-4 e-Amsterdam. Akukude kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neMoscow neSt. Eminye imigqa ihamba ngaphansi komhlaba, eminye eduze nomhlabathi. Kalula nje, i-metro ixhuma nezitimela kwezinye iziteshi. Labo. ungakwazi ukwehla esitimeleni, uye endaweni yesikhulumi elandelayo futhi uqhubeke esitimeleni. Noma ngokuphambene.
Kunento eyodwa embi ekuthuthweni - kuyabiza. Kodwa kufanele ukhokhele ukunethezeka ... Ukugibela i-tram e-Amsterdam kusukela ekupheleni kuya ekupheleni kubiza cishe ama-euro angu-4. Uhambo olusuka ekhaya uye emsebenzini cishe ama-euro ayi-6. Lokhu akungikhathazi kakhulu, njengoba uhambo lwami lukhokhelwa umqashi wami, kodwa ngokuvamile ungasebenzisa ama-euro angamakhulu amaningana ngenyanga ekuhambeni.
Inani lohambo ngokuvamile lilingana nobude balo. Okokuqala, kunemali yokufika, cishe i-euro engu-1, bese ihamba ngemayela. Inkokhelo yenziwa ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa i-OV-chipkaart.
Ikhadi elingaxhunywanga elingagcwaliswa. Uma kungokomuntu siqu (okungaziwa), ungakwazi ke ukusetha ukugcwaliswa kabusha okuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-akhawunti yasebhange. Ungakwazi futhi ukuthenga amathikithi esiteshini noma ngezithuthi zomphakathi. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungenziwa kuphela kusetshenziswa ikhadi lebhange lasendaweni. I-Visa/Mastercard kanye nokheshi kungase kungasebenzi. Akhona namakhadi ebhizinisi. Kunohlelo lokukhokha oluhluke kancane - okokuqala uyashayela, bese uyakhokha. Noma uhamba bese inkampani ikhokha.
Ukuba nemoto lapha kuyabiza. Uma ucabangela ukwehla kwenani, izintela, uphethiloli nomshwalense, ukuba nento esetshenziswa ngamamayela amaphakathi kuzobiza cishe u-€250 ngenyanga. Ukuba nemoto entsha esuka ku-400 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu akubandakanyi izindleko zokupaka. Ukupaka maphakathi ne-Amsterdam ngokwesibonelo kungaba ama-euro ayi-6 ngehora.
Hhayi-ke, inkosi yezokuthutha nali ibhayisikili. Kukhona inani elikhulu lazo lapha: ezivamile, ezemidlalo, "ugogo", ugesi, imithwalo, amasondo amathathu, njll. Ohambweni lokuzungeza idolobha, lena cishe indlela yokuthutha edume kakhulu. Amabhayisikili agoqayo nawo adumile. Ngifike esitimeleni ngisigoqe ngehle esitimeleni ngisivule ngiqhubeke. Ungakwazi futhi ukuphatha ezivamile esitimeleni/metro, nakuba kungenjalo ngesikhathi sokugijima. Abantu abaningi bathenga ibhayisikili eligugile, baligibele baye endaweni yezokuthutha umphakathi, balipake lapho bese beqhubeka ngezithuthi zomphakathi. Sinegaraji lonke eligcwele amabhayisikili: abantu abadala abangu-2 (abasetshenziswa kahle), i-cargo eyodwa uma udinga ukuthwala inqwaba yezingane ngaphakathi kwedolobha, kanye nesethi yezingane. Zonke zisetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo.
Izitolo
Angisona isivakashi esivamile, kodwa ngingakutshela umbono wami jikelele. Eqinisweni, izitolo zingahlukaniswa (cishe yonke indawo kwenye indawo) zibe izinhlobo ezi-3: izitolo ezinkulu, izitolo ezincane nezitolo eziku-inthanethi. Cishe angikaze ngivakashele nabancane. Nakuba, njengoba besho, ungakwazi, isibonelo, ukuthenga inyama efanayo noma isinkwa sekhwalithi ephakeme lapho. Ngendlela, kunezimakethe edolobheni lethu izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto, lapho ungathenga khona ukudla nezinye izimpahla kubahwebi abazimele. Kulapho umkami eya khona. Izitolo ezinkulu azihlukani ikakhulukazi nozakwabo bakwamanye amazwe. Ukukhethwa okukhulu kwemikhiqizo nezimpahla, izaphulelo ezinhlobonhlobo zazo, njll. Ukuthenga nge-inthanethi cishe kuyinto elula kakhulu lapha. Ungathenga yonke into lapho. Kukhona labo abasebenza ngokukhethekile ekudleni (sazama izikhathi ezimbalwa, konke kwakubonakala kuhamba kahle, kodwa akuzange kube umkhuba), kunezigaba ezithile zezimpahla, kukhona ama-aggregator (ethandwa kakhulu cishe yi-bol. com, uhlobo lwe-analogue ye-Amazon, inguqulo evamile ekhona lapha ngendlela Cha). Ezinye izitolo zihlanganisa ukuba khona kwamagatsha nesitolo se-inthanethi (MediaMarkt, Albert Heijn), ezinye azikwenzi.
Cishe yonke into ilethwa ngeposi. Okusebenza njengentelezi. Konke kuvame ukushesha futhi kucace (kodwa kukhona izigameko). Ngesikhathi sokuqala beziletha (yebo, ngokwabo, ekhaya labo) lapho kubalungele. Uma kungekho muntu ekhaya, bashiya ipheshana elisho ukuthi bakhona, kodwa abatholanga muntu. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ungakhetha isikhathi nosuku lokulethwa ngohlelo lokusebenza noma kuwebhusayithi. Uma uphuthelwe, kufanele uye emnyangweni ngezinyawo zakho. Ngendlela, bangashiya iphakheji nomakhelwane ukuze bangaphinde bahambe. Kulokhu, umamukeli unikezwa iphepha elinenombolo yefulethi/indlu yomakhelwane. Kwesinye isikhathi kukhona ukudiliva ngezinkampani zokuthutha. Kumnandi kakhulu nabo. Bangakwazi ukuphonsa iphasela engadini noma ngaphansi komnyango, bavele baphonse ipheshana elisho ukuthi akukho muntu ekhaya ngaphandle kokukhala nokungqongqoza emnyango. Yiqiniso, uma ubiza futhi uphikisana, basakulethela ekugcineni.
Kithina, sithenga eminye yemikhiqizo emakethe (ikakhulukazi eyonakalayo), eminye ezitolo ezinkulu, kanti eminye siyayi-oda (into okunzima ukuyithola ezitolo ezijwayelekile). Cishe siya-oda futhi sithenge izimpahla zasendlini ngesigamu. Cishe si-oda ngokuphelele izingubo, izicathulo, ifenisha, izinto zokusebenza nezinye izinto ezinkulu. E-Russia naseCyprus, cishe> 95% wezimpahla zathengwa ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, lapha okuncane kakhulu, okulula kakhulu. Akudingekile ukuba uye noma kuphi, yonke into izolethwa ekhaya, akudingeki ucabange ukuthi ungayithwala kanjani wena uma ungenayo imoto.
Imithi
Isihloko esibuhlungu futhi esibuhlungu :) Okokuqala, mayelana nohlelo. Wonke umuntu kufanele abe nomshwalense wezempilo (noma okuthile okusondelene nalesi sitatimende, angingenanga emininingwaneni, kungase kube khona okuhlukile). Mina nomkami sinaso, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ngokuzenzekelayo zithola okungcono kakhulu abazali bazo abanazo mahhala. Umshwalense uyatholakala oyisisekelo futhi uthuthukisiwe (up up).
Okuyisisekelo kubiza okuthile okufana nama-euro ayi-100 ngenyanga, nika noma thatha. Futhi kuzo zonke izinkampani zomshwalense. Izindleko zayo nalokho elikuhlanganisayo kunqunywa umbuso. Minyaka yonke lezi zinto ziyabuyekezwa. Labo abanganele lokhu bangangeza izinketho ezihlukahlukene kukho. Lapha, inkampani ngayinye yomshwalense inikeza amakhithi ayo, anokuqukethwe okuhlukile futhi ngamanani ahlukene. Ngokuvamile i-30-50 euros ngenyanga, kodwa ungakwazi, uma ufisa, uthole iphakheji ngenani elikhulu kakhulu. Kukhona futhi into enjengokuthi ingozi yakho (empeleni i-deductible). Okujwayelekile ngama-euro angama-385 ngonyaka, kodwa ungakwazi ukwandisa leli nani, khona-ke izindleko zomshuwalense zizoba phansi. Lesi samba sinquma ukuthi yimalini okuzodingeka uyikhokhe ephaketheni ngaphambi kokuba inkampani yomshwalense iqale ukukhokha. Kukhona futhi ama-nuances lapha, isibonelo, izingane azinakho lokhu, udokotela womndeni akabali, njll.
Ngakho, sanikeza imali. Banikela ngani ngalokhu? Okokuqala udinga ukubhalisa emtholampilo, noma ngokuqondile, nodokotela wasekhaya (huisarts). Futhi nakudokotela wamazinyo. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ungaya kuphela kulabo dokotela owabelwe kubo. Uma ngezimpelasonto, eholidini, eholidini lokugula, njll, khona-ke ungazama ukuya komunye umuntu. Futhi yebo, awukwazi ukuya kunoma ubani ngaphandle kukadokotela womndeni wakho (ngaphandle kokudluliselwa kwakhe). Okungenani umshwalense. Udokotela womndeni wenza ukuhlolwa kokuqala, akunikeze i-paracetamol (noma akakunqumeli) futhi akutshele ukuthi uhambe kakhulu noma ulale kakhulu. Ukuvakasha okuningi kuphetha kanje. Ukuxilongwa akuyona into enkulu, kuzozihambela. Uma kubuhlungu, thatha i-paracetamol. Uma, ngokombono wabo, kukhona okungathí sina, khona-ke bazonikeza okuthile okunamandla, noma banikeze ukubuya uma kuba kubi kakhulu. Uma ukubonisana nochwepheshe kuyadingeka, bazokuthumela kuchwepheshe. Uma yonke into idabukisa ngempela, hamba uye esibhedlela.
Sekukonke, uhlelo lusebenza kahle ngokumangalisayo. Cishe sesihlangabezane nezici eziningi zemithi yendawo futhi muhle impela. Uma bezibophezela ekuhloleni, basuke beluthatha ngokungathí sina lolu daba. Uma udokotela engazi ukuthi yini okufanele ayenze, khona-ke akanakho nhlobo ukungabaza ekuthumeleni isiguli komunye udokotela, edlulisela nge-elektroniki yonke idatha ayitholile. Sake sathunyelwa emtholampilo wezingane edolobheni lethu sayiswa emtholampilo othuthuke kakhulu e-Amsterdam. I-ambulensi nayo yinhle impela. Asizange siyibize i-ambulensi, ngoba yayiyeyezimo eziphuthumayo, kodwa saba nethuba lokuya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo lapho ingane ilimale emlenzeni ngebhayisikili ngempelasonto. Safika ngetekisi, salinda kancane, savakashela umelaphi, sathatha i-x-ray, safaka ukhonkolo emlenzeni wami sahamba. Konke kushesha kakhulu futhi kuqondile.
Kukhona, yiqiniso, umuzwa wokuthi kukhona uhlobo oluthile lokukhohlisa lapha. Ukuhlala eRussia, ngisho naseCyprus, ngandlela-thile ujwayele ukuthi noma yikuphi ukugula kungelashwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani, ngesamba esikhulu somuthi. Futhi kufanele uhlale uye kudokotela ukuze uyohlolwa. Kodwa akunjalo lapha. Futhi mhlawumbe lokhu kungcono. Empeleni, ubungcwele besihloko bukhona ngqo kulokhu. Abantu banomuzwa wokungaphathwa kahle. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi, vele, uhlelo lwehluleka ngokuphambene. Kuyenzeka uhlangane nodokotela bemindeni okuthi kuze kube sekugcineni bengafuni ukubona inkinga kuze kushaye isikhathi sokuloba. Ezimweni ezinjalo, abanye bayahamba bayohlolwa kwamanye amazwe. Bese bebuya nemiphumela bese beya kudokotela onguchwepheshe. Ngendlela, umshuwalense uhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha phesheya (ngaphakathi kwezindleko zokunakekelwa okufanayo eNetherlands). Sesivele silethe izikweletu zokwelashwa ezivela eRussia izikhathi eziningana, ezibuyiselwe kithi.
Izingane
Izingane ziphilile. Uma ubheka nje jikelele, kukhona okugcina izingane zimatasa futhi kuningi okwenziwa izingane. Cishe asihambe nohlelo olusemthethweni lokuqashwa kwezingane. Mina ngokwami ngididekile kancane ngamagama esiRashiya/esiNgisi/nesiDashi, ngakho ngizovele ngizame ukunikeza incazelo yesistimu ngokwalo. Kukhona okungaqondwa esithombeni.
Ngakho-ke, ikhefu lokubeletha elikhokhelwayo nelokunakekelwa kwengane lapha lifushane kakhulu - amasonto angu-16 kuyo yonke into. Ngemva kwalokhu, umama (ubaba) uhlala ekhaya nengane noma amthumele enkulisa yosuku olugcwele. Le njabulo ingaphezu kwamahhala futhi ingabiza kalula i-1000-1500 ngenyanga. Kodwa kukhona i-nuance: uma bobabili abazali besebenza, khona-ke ungathola ukudonswa kwentela okukhulu futhi intengo izokwehla cishe izikhathi ezingu-2-3. Mina ngokwami angikaze ngihlangabezane nalesi sikhungo noma ukudonswa kwemali, ngakho-ke ngeke ngiqinisekise izinombolo, kodwa umyalo ucishe ufane. Ngokuvamile, kulesi sikhungo balungele ukugada ingane ubusuku nemini (intengo izokhuphuka ngempela). Kuze kube yiminyaka engu-2, azikho ezinye izinketho (umzanyana, izinkulisa ezizimele kanye nezinye izinhlelo zomuntu siqu azibali).
Kusukela eneminyaka engu-2, ingane ingathunyelwa esikoleni esibizwa ngokuthi isikole sokulungiselela. Eqinisweni, lena yinkulisa efanayo, kodwa ungaya lapho kuphela amahora angu-4 ngosuku, izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ungavuka kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-4-5 ngesonto, kodwa namanje amahora ama-4 kuphela. Safunda kulesi sikole kwahamba kahle impela. Futhi akuyona mahhala, ingxenye yezindleko inxeshezelwa ngumasipala, okuvele kube ngama-euro angama-70-100 ngenyanga.
Kusukela eneminyaka engu-4, ingane ingakwazi ukuya esikoleni. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngosuku olungemva kosuku lwakho lokuzalwa. Empeleni, ungase ungakwazi ukuya uze ube neminyaka engu-5 ubudala, kodwa kusukela eminyakeni engu-5 usuvele uyadingeka. Iminyaka yokuqala esikoleni nayo ifana nenkulisa, kuphela esakhiweni sesikole. Labo. empeleni, ingane imane ijwayele indawo entsha. Futhi ngokujwayelekile, akukho okuningi okufundwayo lapha kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12. Yebo, kukhona abakufunda esikoleni.
Awukho umsebenzi wesikole, bayahamba bayoshaywa umoya ngesikhathi sekhefu, kwesinye isikhathi bahambe bahambe bayodlala. Ngokuvamile, akekho ozikhandla kakhulu. Bese kuba khona isilwane esondlekile esisezimpondweni. Eminyakeni ephakathi kuka-11-12, izingane zihlola i-CITO. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo kanye nezincomo zesikole, ingane izoba neminye imizila emi-3. Isikole esisuka ku-4 kuye ku-12, ngendlela, sibizwa nge-baseschool (isikole samabanga aphansi ngesiNgisi). Sihlangabezane nalokhu futhi kuze kube manje sijabule kakhulu ngakho. Ingane iyayithanda.
Emva kwalokho kufika ithuba lesikole samabanga aphezulu (middelbareschool). Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 kuphela zazo: i-VMBO, i-HAVO, i-VWO. Isiphi isikhungo semfundo ephakeme ingane ezokwazi ukungena kuso kuya ngokuthi ingane igcina ikusiphi. I-VMBO -> MBO (into efana nekolishi noma isikole sobuchwepheshe). I-HAVO -> HBO (inyuvesi yesayensi esetshenzisiwe, ngesiRashiya cishe ayikho i-analogue ekhethekile, into efana nochwepheshe eyunivesithi evamile). VWO -> WO (Inyuvesi, inyuvesi egcwele). Ngokwemvelo, kunezinketho ezingaba khona zoshintsho kuyo yonke le zu, kodwa ngokwami asikakakhuli kukho konke lokhu.
Abantu
Bayaphila abantu balapha. Ehloniphekile futhi enobungane. Okungenani iningi. Kunezizwe ezimbalwa lapha ongeke ukwazi ukuzixazulula ngokushesha. Yebo, futhi asikho isifiso esithile. Ungafunda okuningi ku-inthanethi mayelana namaDashi omdabu, ukuthi angabantu abahlukile impela. Cishe kukhona okuthile kulokhu, kodwa empilweni yangempela akubonakali ikakhulukazi. Ngokuvamile, wonke umuntu (noma cishe wonke umuntu) uyamamatheka futhi azulise.
Isimo eYurophu
INetherlands iyingxenye ye-EU, Eurozone kanye neSchengen Area. Labo. bahambisane nazo zonke izivumelwano ezingaphakathi kwe-European Union, babe ne-euro njengohlobo lwemali yabo futhi ungahamba lapha nge-visa ye-Schengen. Akukho okungajwayelekile. Futhi, imvume yokuhlala yaseDutch ingasetshenziswa njenge-visa ye-Schengen, i.e. Gibela ngomoya ophansi uzungeze iYurophu.
Inthanethi
Ngeke ngisho lutho oluyisipesheli ngaye. Izimfuneko zami kuye zilinganiselwe kakhulu. Ngisebenzisa iphakethe elincane elivela ku-opharetha wami (50 Mbit/s Internet kanye nomabonakude othile). Kubiza ama-euro angama-46.5. Ikhwalithi ilungile. Awekho amakhefu. Ama-opharetha ahlinzeka ngamasevisi afanayo kakhulu noma ngaphansi ngezintengo ezifanayo. Kodwa isevisi ingase yehluke. Lapho ngixhuma, ngathola i-inthanethi ezinsukwini ezi-3. Abanye o-opharetha bangakwenza inyanga yonke. Uzakwethu uchithe izinyanga ezimbili elungisa izinto ukuze yonke into isebenze. I-inthanethi yeselula cishe ishibhe kakhulu nge-Tele2 - ama-euro angama-25 angenamkhawulo (ama-5 GB ngosuku) we-inthanethi, izingcingo nama-SMS. Okunye kubiza kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, kubonakala sengathi azikho izinkinga ngekhwalithi, kodwa amanani aphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa namaRussia. Uma kuqhathaniswa neCyprus, ikhwalithi ingcono, ithegi yentengo iyafana, mhlawumbe ibiza kakhulu.
Ukuphepha
Ngokuvamile, lokhu futhi kulungile. Izinkinga ziyenzeka, kunjalo, kodwa azibonakali zenzeka njalo. NjengaseCyprus, abantu balapha ikakhulukazi bahlala ezindlini/emafulethini anezicabha zokhuni noma zengilazi ezikhiyelwe ukuvimbela umnyango ukuthi ungavulwa umoya. Kunezindawo ezichume kakhulu nezindawo ezingachumile kangako.
Ubuzwe
Konke kubonakala kuhamba kahle nalokhu. Ekuqaleni, njengenjwayelo, kunikezwa imvume yokuhlala yesikhashana. Ubude besikhathi buncike kwinkontileka. Uma inkontileka ingeyena unomphela, kodwa iminyaka engu-1-2, khona-ke bayokunikeza lokho okuningi. Uma unomphela, bese kuba iminyaka emi-5. Ngemva kweminyaka emi-5 (kunamahemuhemu mayelana ne-7), ungaqhubeka nokuthola izimvume zokuhlala isikhashana, noma uthole imvume yokuhlala unomphela, noma uthole ubuzwe. Ngezesikhashana konke kucacile. Ngokuhlala unomphela, ngokujwayelekile, futhi. Kucishe kufane nokuba yisakhamuzi, kodwa awukwazi ukuvota noma ukusebenza ezikhungweni zikahulumeni. Futhi cishe kuzodingeka wenze ukuhlolwa kolwazi lolimi. Endabeni yokuba yisakhamuzi, konke nakho kulula. Udinga ukuphumelela ukuhlolwa kolwazi lolimi (izinga A2, kunamahemuhemu mayelana nokunyuka kuya ku-B1). Futhi hlukana nobunye ubuzwe. Ngokwethiyori, kunezinketho zokungakwenzi lokhu, kodwa ezimweni eziningi kusafanele ukwenze. Zonke izinqubo ngokwazo zilula. Futhi isikhathi sifushane. Ikakhulukazi uma iqhathaniswa, isibonelo, neSwitzerland.
Uhlu lwamanani
Okuthandeka kumuntu oyedwa akukona kangako komunye. Futhi ngokuphambene. Wonke umuntu unezinga lakhe lokuphila nokusebenzisa, ngakho-ke okulandelayo kuzoba ukuhlola okuzimele.
Ukuqasha okuyisicaba
Kuyabiza. Amanani ezindlu ezihlukene (hhayi igumbi) e-Amsterdam aqala kuma-euro ayi-1000. Futhi bagcina ku-10 000. Ngingaqondiswa yi-1500-2000 uma ngihamba nomndeni. Intengo incike kakhulu endaweni, uhlobo lwendlu, unyaka wokwakhiwa, ukutholakala kwefenisha, isigaba samandla kanye neminye imingcele. Kodwa awukwazi ukuhlala e-Amsterdam. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi 50 km. Bese umkhawulo ophansi ushintshela kuma-euro angama-750. Lapho sithutha, saqasha indlu (indlu ehlukanisiwe) enamakamelo okulala angu-1500 nendawo ehloniphekile cishe engaba ngu-4. E-Amsterdam, ngalolo hlobo lwemali, ngabona kuphela ifulethi elinamagumbi amathathu okulala endaweni ethile enyakatho. Futhi lokho bekuyivelakancane.
Ukugcinwa komshini
Futhi kuyabiza. Uma uthatha ukwehla, izintela, umshwalense, isondlo kanye nophethiloli, uzothola cishe ama-euro angama-350-500 ngenyanga ngemoto evamile. Ake sithathe imoto ebiza ama-euro angu-24 (kungenzeka eshibhile, kodwa kukhona ukukhetha okuncane kakhulu). Ake sicabange ukuthi uphila iminyaka engu-000 futhi unamamayela angu-18 ne-mileage engu-180 ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuzobiza imali ehlekisayo, ngakho-ke sicabanga ukuthi yehle ngokuphelele. Kuvela ama-euro ayi-000. Umshwalense ubiza ama-euro angu-10-000, ngisho nama-110. Intela yezokuthutha imayelana nama-euro angu-80 (kuye ngokuthi isisindo semoto). Khona-ke ake sithi ama-euro angu-100 ngonyaka (kusuka ophahleni, ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kwaseRussia naseCypriot), 90 ngenyanga. Uphethiloli 30-240 euro ilitha. Sebenzisa amalitha ayi-20 ngekhulu ngalinye. 1.6 * 1.7 * 7/1.6 = 7. Ingqikithi 10000 + 100 + 112 +110 + 90 = 30 euro. Lokhu empeleni ubuncane. Cishe, imoto izoshintshwa kaningi, ukugcinwa kuzobiza kakhulu, igesi kanye nomshuwalense kuzokwanda, njll. Ngokusekelwe kukho konke lokhu, angizange ngithole imoto, ngoba angisiboni isidingo esithile sayo. Izidingo eziningi zokuthutha zikhandwa ngamabhayisikili kanye nezithuthi zomphakathi. Uma udinga ukuya endaweni ethile isikhathi esifushane, kukhona ukwabelana ngemoto, uma isikhathi eside, bese uqasha imoto. Uma kuphuthuma, bese kuba yi-Uber.
Ngendlela, amalungelo ashintshwa kalula uma kunesinqumo esingu-30%. Uma kungenjalo, ukuqeqeshwa nokuhlolwa, uma ilayisensi ingeyona yaseYurophu.
Ugesi
Okufana namasenti angu-25 nge-kilowatt ngayinye. Kuncike kumhlinzeki. Sichitha okuthile okufana nama-euro angama-60 ngenyanga. Abantu abaningi basebenzisa ama-solar panel. Okwamanje, ungakwazi ukunikeza ugesi kunethiwekhi (kubonakala sengathi bafuna ukuyivala). Uma ukubuyisela kungaphansi kokusetshenziswa, khona-ke kunikezwa ngentengo yokusetshenziswa. Uma ngaphezulu, 7 cents. Ezinyangeni zasebusika (ngokwemvelo kuye ngenani lamaphaneli) ingasebenzisa i-100 kWh ngenyanga. Ehlobo futhi zonke 400.
Amanzi
Ingaphezulu kancane kwe-euro nge-cubic meter ngayinye. Sichitha cishe ama-euro ayi-15 ngenyanga. Amanzi okuphuza. Abantu abaningi (kuhlanganise nami) bavele baphuze amanzi ampompi. Amanzi anambitheka kahle. Lapho ngifika eRussia, umehluko uzwakala ngokushesha - eRussia amanzi anambitha njengokugqwala (okungenani endaweni engiyidla kuyo).
Amanzi ashisayo nokushisa
Konke kuhlukile lapha. Indlu ingase ibe ne-boiler yegesi, khona-ke kufanele ukhokhele igesi. Kungase kube ne-ITP, khona-ke ukufudumeza okumaphakathi kunikezwa endlini, futhi amanzi ashisayo ashisisa kusuka ku-ITP. Amanzi ashisayo nokushisisa kungase kuhlinzekwe ngokuhlukene. Kusibiza cishe ama-euro angu-120 uma silinganisa ngawo.
Inthanethi
Ithegi yentengo iyahluka kusuka kumhlinzeki kuye kumhlinzeki. Okwami, i-50 Mbps ibiza ama-euro angu-46.5, i-1000 Mbps ibiza ama-euro angu-76.5.
Ukususwa kukadoti
Kukhona, ngokomthetho, izintela zikamasipala eziningana, futhi ukuqoqwa kukadoti kufakwe kuzo. Kukho konke kusebenza kuma-euro angama-40-50 ngenyanga. Ngendlela, udoti uqoqwa ngokwehlukana lapha. Kungase kwehluke kancane kumasipala ngamunye. Kodwa ngokuvamile, ukuhlukaniswa kungokulandelayo: i-bio-waste, ipulasitiki, iphepha, ingilazi, njll. Iphepha, ipulasitiki nengilazi kuyagaywa kabusha. Igesi itholakala ku-biowaste. Izinsalela ze-bio-waste nezinye izibi ziyashiswa ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi. Igesi ewumphumela ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo. Amabhethri, amalambu kanye nezinto zikagesi ezincane zingalahlwa ezitolo ezinkulu; eziningi zinemigqomo yokugaywa kabusha. Imfucuza eyinqwaba ingayiswa endaweni noma i-ode imoto ngomasipala.
Isikole kanye nenkulisa
Inkulisa iyabiza, cishe i-1000 ingane ngayinye ngenyanga. Uma bobabili abazali besebenza, ingxenye yabo inxeshezelwa ngezintela. Isikole sokulungiselela esingaphansi kwama-euro ayi-100 ngenyanga. Isikole simahhala uma sisendaweni. Amazwe ngamazwe cishe ama-3000-5000 ngonyaka, angizange ngithole kahle.
Umakhalekhukhwini
Ikhokhelwe kusengaphambili amasenti angu-10-20 ngomzuzu. I-Postpaid ihlukile. Okungabizi kakhulu okungenamkhawulo ama-euro angama-25 ngenyanga. Kunama-opharetha abiza kakhulu.
Imikhiqizo |
Sisebenzisa ama-euro angama-600-700 ngenyanga kubantu aba-5. Ngempela ngidla isidlo sasemini emsebenzini ngemali eshiwoyo. Nokho, ungenza okuncane uma uzibekela umgomo. Ungenza okwengeziwe uma ufuna izibiliboco nsuku zonke.
Izimpahla zasendlini
Uma kunesidingo, ama-euro angama-40-60 ngenyanga azokwanela.
Izinto ezincane, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, izingubo zokugqoka, njll.
Endaweni ethile ezungeze ama-euro angama-600-800 ngenyanga emndenini. Futhi lokhu kungahluka kakhulu.
Imisebenzi yezingane
Kusukela ku-10 kuye ku-100 euros ngesifundo ngasinye, kuya ngokuthi wenzani. Ukukhetha ukuthi wenzeni kungaphezu kokukhulu.
Imithi
Okuxakayo, cishe mahhala. Ezinye izinto zimbozwe kakhulu umshwalense (ngaphandle kwe-eigen risico). Okusele yi-paracetamol, futhi ishibhile. Yiqiniso, siletha ezinye izinto ezivela eRussia, kodwa ngokuvamile, uma kuqhathaniswa neRussia neCyprus, izindleko zincane.
Imikhiqizo yenhlanzeko
Futhi cishe ama-euro angama-40-60 ngenyanga. Kodwa lapha, futhi, kuningi mayelana nezidingo.
Ngokuvamile, emndenini wabantu abangu-5 udinga okuthile okuzungeze i-3500-4000 euros ngenyanga. I-3500 isendaweni ethile emkhawulweni ophansi. Kungenzeka ukuthi uphile, kodwa ungakhululekile kakhulu. Ungaphila ngokunethezeka ku-4000. Kunezinzuzo ezengeziwe ezivela kumqashi (inkokhelo yokudla, inkokhelo yokuhamba, amabhonasi, njll.) okungcono nakakhulu.
Iholo likanjiniyela oholayo lilinganiselwa ku-60 - 000 euros. Kuncike enkampanini. Abangu-90 bangama-redneck, ungayi kubo. 000 akukubi neze. Emahhovisi amakhulu kubonakala kungenzeka ukuba nokuningi. Uma usebenza ngaphansi kwenkontileka, ungaba nokunye okuningi.
isiphetho
Ngingathini ekuphetheni? I-Netherlands iyizwe elingaphezu kokunethezeka. Ukuthi kuzokufanela yini, angazi. Kubonakala kungifanela. Angikatholi lutho lapha engingakakuthandi. Nokho, ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu. Ukuthi kufanelekile ukuya lapha kuya ngokuthi ufunani lapha. Futhi, ngithole uhlobo engangikufuna (ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu). Mina ngokwami cishe ngithanda isimo sezulu saseCypriot, kodwa ngeshwa asihambisani nawo wonke umuntu. Eqinisweni, ngokombono wami, ukuya kwelinye izwe ukuyohlala khona iminyaka eminingana kungaphezu kokuhlangenwe nakho okuthakazelisayo. Ukuthi uyaludinga ulwazi olunjalo kukuwe. Ukuthi uyafuna yini ukubuyela emuva - kuya ngokuthi. Ngiyazi kokubili abasala (kokubili eCyprus naseNetherlands) nalabo ababuya (futhi, kokubili besuka lapho nalapho).
Futhi ekugcineni, kafushane ngalokho okudingeka ukuhambisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga izinto ezintathu: isifiso, ulimi (isiNgisi noma izwe lapho uhamba khona) kanye namakhono okusebenza. Futhi ngaleyo ndlela. Ngeke ukwenze lokhu ngaphandle kwesifiso. Awukwazi ngisho ukufunda ulimi uma ungalwazi. Ngaphandle kolimi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uchwepheshe opholile kangakanani (kulungile, kulungile, mhlawumbe izihlakaniphi azidingi leli phuzu), ngeke ukwazi ukuchaza lokhu kumqashi wesikhathi esizayo. Ekugcineni, amakhono yiwona azothakasela umqashi. Amanye amazwe angase adinge izinto ezihlukene ze-bureaucratic, kuhlanganise nediploma. Kwabanye kungase kungadingeki.
Ngakho-ke uma unento eyodwa esitokweni, yizame, futhi konke kuzohamba kahle :)
Source: www.habr.com